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FIGURES 18–23 in Taxonomy and ultrastructure of Sinerima, a new genus of diatoms (Bacillariophyta), with a description of a new species, S. marigela

FIGURES 18–23. SEM micrographs of Sinerima marigela sp. nov., internal valve view. Fig. 18. Whole valve. Fig. 19. Central part of a valve. Note the raised cribra with rimmed pores and a hyaline area in the center. Figs 20–21. Valve margin. Note the marginal fultoportulae with four satellite pores. Fig. 22. Valve face fultoportula. Note the raised cribra with rimmed pores. Fig. 23. Siliceous knot in the center of a valve. Scale bar = 10 μm (Fig. 18), 2 μm (Fig. 19), 1 μm (Figs 20–21, 23), 500 nm (Fig. 22).

FIGURE 1 in Taxonomy and ultrastructure of Sinerima, a new genus of diatoms (Bacillariophyta), with a description of a new species, S. marigela

FIGURE 1. Map of the study area showing locations of all samples (gray dots), samples with S. marigela in it (black dots), and the type locality (black star).

FIGURES 9–17 in Taxonomy and ultrastructure of Sinerima, a new genus of diatoms (Bacillariophyta), with a description of a new species, S. marigela

FIGURES 9–17. SEM micrographs of Sinerima marigela sp. nov., external valve view. Figs 9–10. Whole valve. Figs 11–13. Valve margin. Note the "extra ribs" separating some of the cribra and marginal fultoportulae. Fig. 14. Central part of a valve. Note the sunken cribra and a hyaline area in the center. Fig. 15. Marginal fultoportula at the inner edge of the pseudoloculate zone with its external tube extending above the smaller reticulate ribs. Fig. 16. Valve face fultoportula with a star-shaped chamber. Fig. 17. Eroded valve face fultoportula showing the openings of the satellite pores. Scale bar = 20 μm (Figs 9–10), 2 μm (Figs 11, 14), 3 μm (Fig. 12), 1 μm (Fig. 13), 500 nm (Figs 15–17).

FIGURES 3–8 in Taxonomy and ultrastructure of Sinerima, a new genus of diatoms (Bacillariophyta), with a description of a new species, S. marigela

FIGURES 3–8. LM micrographs of Sinerima marigela sp. nov. showing variations in valve shape and size. Figs 3–5. Specimens from slide BM 101 881. Fig. 6. Holotype specimen, slide ANSP GC92687. Figs 7–8. Specimens from slide CANA 127977. Scale bar = 10 μm.

FIGURE 24 in Taxonomy and ultrastructure of Sinerima, a new genus of diatoms (Bacillariophyta), with a description of a new species, S. marigela

FIGURE 24. TEM micrograph of Sinerima marigela sp. nov. Note the lack of a rimoportula and siliceous thickenings around the center. Scale bar = 5 μm.

FIGURE 2 in Taxonomy and ultrastructure of Sinerima, a new genus of diatoms (Bacillariophyta), with a description of a new species, S. marigela

FIGURE 2. Relative abundance of Sinerima marigela plotted against sea ice concentration for each sample with a local regression line fitted to illustrate the trend. Sea ice concentration is the average proportion of each 25 km2 area covered by sea ice during the spring.

FIGURES 25−28 in Adlafia moseri and A. tjibaoui two new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from New Caledonia with further observations on Adlafia muscora and Kobayasiella saxicola

FIGURES 25−28. Adlafia tjibaoui sp. nov. SEM. Fig. 25. External view of an entire valve showing the stria pattern and the curved raphe branches. Fig. 26. External view showing the terminal fissure not extending on the mantle. Fig. 27. Internal view of a valve showing the linear axial area, the quadrangular areolae and the Voigt faults (arrows). Fig. 28. Detail of Fig. 27 showing the proximal raphe endings curved to the primary side of the valve and Voigt fault (arrow). Note the shortened striae around the central area. Scale bar = 2 μm.

FIGURE 1. a in Adlafia moseri and A. tjibaoui two new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from New Caledonia with further observations on Adlafia muscora and Kobayasiella saxicola

FIGURE 1. a. Global map of South-West Pacific region. b. Locations of the sampling sites during the latest campaigns 2012−2013. c. Locations of the population of Adlafia tjibaoui sp. nov. (squares) and its type locality (arrow). d. Locations of the population of Adlafia moseri sp. nov. (triangles) and its type locality (arrow) and locations of the population of Kobayasiella saxicola (stars).

FIGURES 19−24 in Adlafia moseri and A. tjibaoui two new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from New Caledonia with further observations on Adlafia muscora and Kobayasiella saxicola

FIGURES 19−24. Adlafia tjibaoui sp. nov., type material from New Caledonia. Valves showing the variation in valve outline and size, LM. Scale bar = 10 μm.

FIGURES 32−36. Kobayasiella saxicola, material from New Caledonia SEM. Fig. 32 in Adlafia moseri and A. tjibaoui two new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from New Caledonia with further observations on Adlafia muscora and Kobayasiella saxicola

FIGURES 32−36. Kobayasiella saxicola, material from New Caledonia SEM. Fig. 32. External view of an entire valve showing the striation pattern, two umbilicus (arrows) and the marginal area (arrowhead). Fig. 33. Detail of a part of a valve showing the umbilicus (arrow) and the two branched striae corresponding to the shift in the direction of the striae. Fig. 34. Detail of the center of the valve showing the elongated proximal raphe endings, long and short striae and the marginal hyaline area (arrow) and alveolate striae on the mantle (arrowhead). Fig. 35. External view showing alveolate striae in continuation of the terminal fissure and alveolate striae on the mantle (arrow). Fig. 36. Internal view of an entire valve showing alternating long and short striae along the central area and the marginal hyaline area (arrow). Fig. 37. Detail of alveolate striae showing the rows of tiny pores. Scale bars = 10 μm (Figs 32, 36), 2 μm (Fig. 33), 1 μm (Figs 34, 35, 37).

FIGURES 14−18 in Adlafia moseri and A. tjibaoui two new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from New Caledonia with further observations on Adlafia muscora and Kobayasiella saxicola

FIGURES 14−18. Adlafia moseri sp. nov. SEM. Fig. 14. External view of an entire valve showing the shadowed striae pattern. Fig. 15. Internal view of a valve. Voigt faults (arrows). Fig. 16. Internal view of a triundulate specimen. Fig. 17. Internal view, detail of the center of the valve. Small central nodule (arrow). Fig. 18. Internal view of a valve showing two open copulae with a row of pores. Scale bars = 10 μm (Figs 14−17), 2 μm (Fig. 18).

FIGURES 29–31. Adlafia muscora SEM. 29 in Adlafia moseri and A. tjibaoui two new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from New Caledonia with further observations on Adlafia muscora and Kobayasiella saxicola

FIGURES 29–31. Adlafia muscora SEM. 29. External view of an entire valve. GFig. 30. Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 31. Detail of the internal proximal raphe fissures strongly bent towards the primary side and very close each other. Scale bars = 2 μm (Figs 29, 30), 1 μm (Fig. 31).

FIGURES 2−13 in Adlafia moseri and A. tjibaoui two new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from New Caledonia with further observations on Adlafia muscora and Kobayasiella saxicola

FIGURES 2−13. Adlafia moseri sp. nov., valves views of the population from New Caledonia showing the variation in valve outline and size, LM. Scale bar =10 μm.

FIGURES 3–51. Sellaphora gologonica G.G in Sellaphora gologonica sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta, Sellaphoraceae), a new diatom species from a Mediterranean karst spring (Sardinia, Italy)

FIGURES 3–51. Sellaphora gologonica G.G. Lai, Ector & C.E. Wetzel sp. nov. Population "Su Gologone" spring. LM (Figs 3–46): size reduction series of the population. Specimen here depicted in Figs 6–7. Frustules rectangular in girdle view (Fig. 31). SEM (Figs 47–51): Figs 47–50. External views showing striae patterns (strongly radiate) and double areolae near the axial area on the valve surface. Arrows–sinuous raphe system. Fig. 51. Internal view showing slightly deflected raphe endings. Arrows–large rounded apical pits present at both apices. LM scale bar = 10 μm.

FIGURES 52–59 in Sellaphora gologonica sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta, Sellaphoraceae), a new diatom species from a Mediterranean karst spring (Sardinia, Italy)

FIGURES 52–59. SEM comparison between Sellaphora gologonica sp. nov. from Su Gologone spring (Sardinia) and Sellaphora seminulum from Grunow's original material. Figs 52–55. External views of S. gologonica sp. nov. Figs 56–58. External views of S. seminulum. Fig. 59. Internal view of S. seminulum. Arrows–apical pits present at apices.

FIGURE 2 in Sellaphora gologonica sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta, Sellaphoraceae), a new diatom species from a Mediterranean karst spring (Sardinia, Italy)

FIGURE 2. Sa Vena spring: water emergency point (a), brook (b), water abstraction system inside the rock (c).

FIGURES 21–32 in Fallacia californica sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new freshwater diatom species from streams in California, USA

FIGURES 21–32. Fallacia californica Stancheva & Manoylov, sp. nov. type material from Aliso Creek, California, USA and from Soquel Creek (Figs 26–28). Figs 21–26 internal valve view. Figs 27–32 external valve view. Arrowheads show the gap between central striae. SEM images, scale bars 1 μm.

FIGURES 2–20 in Fallacia californica sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new freshwater diatom species from streams in California, USA

FIGURES 2–20. Fallacia californica Stancheva & Manoylov, sp. nov. Figs. 2–15, type material from Aliso Creek, California, USA (site 901M14126), Fig. 9 girdle view. Figs 16–20 from Soquel Creek (site 304PS0338). Note the distinct panduriform lyre sternum (Figs 2–4, 15); the hyaline rib, which is enlarged to fan-shaped near the valve center (Figs 2, 7,10,18) and enlarged central area on the opposite side (Figs 2, 5, 10, 18). LM images, scale bar 10 μm.

FIGURE 1 in Fallacia californica sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new freshwater diatom species from streams in California, USA

FIGURE 1. SEM image of Fallacia californica Stancheva & Manoylov, sp. nov. with indication of main structural elements of the valve as follow: stars—lyre-shaped sternum; dots—hyaline rib interrupting the striae; arrows—areolae adjacent to the raphe branches; diamonds—inner areolae; arrowheads—areolae near the mantle. Scale bar 1 μm.

FIGURES 39–46 in Fallacia californica sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new freshwater diatom species from streams in California, USA

FIGURES 39–46. Fallacia tenera (Hust.) D. G. Mann. Fig. 39 specimen from Aliso Creek, Orange County, California. Figs 40–42 specimens from Tuolumne River, Central Valley, Stanislaus County, California. Figs 43–46 specimens from Ranu Klindungan Lake, Java, Hustedt`s slide N8/50 Navicula tenera, R. S. Java, Ranu Klindungan Lake 1, 1930. LM images, scale bar 10 μm.