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2,021 results for “non-invasive”
Supplemental Dataset for Article: Non-invasive measurements on production, release, and vertical distribution of biogenic gas content in large peat soil columns
<p>Supplemental dataset for a journal article in preparation for publication:</p> <p><strong>Structure controls gas migration: Non-invasive measurements on production, release, and vertical distribution of biogenic gas content in large peat soil columns</strong></p> <p>William Wright<sup>1*</sup> and Xavier Comas<sup>1</sup></p> <p><sup>1</sup>Department of Geosciences, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, Florida, 33314, USA</p> <p>*Corresponding author (wwrigh19@gmail.com)</p>
Poor implementation of non-invasive sampling in wildlife genetics studies - supplementary material
<p>Supplementary Table S1: Peer-reviewed studies on wildlife genetics in amphibians, birds, carnivores, molluscs and rodents, published in 2017-2018, which were included in the review.</p>
FIG. 1 in A New Non-Invasive Technique for Temporarily Tagging Coral Reef Fishes
FIG. 1. (A) Graphic scheme of the tagging procedure: i) Dry the scales of the fish, scraping gently with a clean cotton tip (moving the top of the cotton tip in the same direction as the fish scales); ii) Apply on the dried area a very small drop of topical tissue adhesive; iii) Place the tag on the spot of adhesive using tweezers; iv) Using a wet cotton tip, press on the tag for few seconds (ensuring that there are no bubbles of air between the tag and the fish scales); v) Finally, apply a small amount of adhesive on the right and left extremities of the tag. This procedure requires less than a minute for each tag. (B) Graphic scheme and photo examples of the six possible combinations of the tags. Positions of the tags along the fish body (horizontal— posterior in orange, middle in yellow, and anterior in purple; and vertical—dorsal in red, central in blue, and ventral in green). Illustrations by RB.
FIG. 2 in A New Non-Invasive Technique for Temporarily Tagging Coral Reef Fishes
FIG. 2. (A) Comparison of attachment time of tags by position (horizontal positions—posterior, middle, and anterior; vertical positions—dorsal, central, and ventral) for left (L) and right (R) side of the fish; box plots show medians, 25th, and 75th percentiles. Black dots represent outliers. (B) Mean attachment time grid by position. Each square represents one of the nine possible tag positions with the relative mean attachment time represented by different color shades (blue-dark purple for mean attachment time between 40–45 hours; light purple-yellow for mean attachment time between 45–50 hours; yellow-orange for mean attachment time between 50–55 hours; orange-red for mean attachment time between 55–60 hours).
FIG. 3 in A New Non-Invasive Technique for Temporarily Tagging Coral Reef Fishes
FIG. 3. Comparison of attachment time (hr) of tags by fish (Fish Identity) ordered by fish size (total length in mm). Box plots show medians, 25th, and 75th percentiles. Black dots represent outliers; gray dots represent total length of fish.
Dataset for the article : Non-invasive estimation of in vivo optical properties and hemodynamic parameters of domestic animals: a preliminary study on horses, dogs, and sheep
<div> <div> <div> <div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <p>This dataset includes all the necessary data to understand and replicate the figures and tables presented in the article titled "Non-invasive Estimation of In Vivo Optical Properties and Hemodynamic Parameters of Domestic Animals: A Preliminary Study on Horses, Dogs, and Sheep." Specifically, it contains the raw measurement curves, along with the optical and hemodynamic parameters derived from the analysis of these raw data.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>
Data used in the paper "Operation of Photo Electron Spectrometers for Non-Invasive Photon Diagnostics at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser"
<p>Data recorded for the experiment at the European XFEL are available at <strong>doi:10.22003/XFEL.EU-DATA-900072-00, </strong><strong>doi:10.22003/XFEL.EU-DATA-900073-00, </strong><strong>doi:10.22003/XFEL.EU-DATA-900268-00, </strong><strong>doi:10.22003/XFEL.EU-DATA-900307-00, and </strong><strong>doi:10.22003/XFEL.EU-DATA-900405-00</strong>.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
An innovative non-invasive technique for subcutaneous tumour measurements
<p>In oncological drug development, animal studies continue to play a central role in which the volume of subcutaneous tumours is monitored to assess the efficacy of new drugs. The tumour volume is estimated by taking the volume to be that of a regular spheroid with the same dimensions. However, this method is subjective, insufficiently traceable, and is subject to error in the accuracy of volume estimates as tumours are frequently irregular.</p> <p><span>This paper reviews the standard technique for tumour volume assessment, calliper measurements, by conducting a statistical review of a large dataset consisting of 2,500 tumour volume measurements from 1,600 mice by multiple operators across 6 mouse strains and 20 tumour models. Additionally, we explore the impact of six different tumour morphologies on volume estimation and the detection of treatment effects using a computational tumour growth model. Finally, we propose an alternative method to callipers for estimating volume – BioVolume<sup>TM</sup>, a 3D scanning technique. BioVolume simultaneously captures both stereo RGB (Red, Green and Blue) images from different light sources and infrared thermal images of the tumour in under a second. It then detects the tumour region automatically and estimates the tumour volume in under a minute. Furthermore, images can be processed in parallel within the cloud and so the time required to process multiple images is similar to that required for a single image. We present data of a pre-production unit test consisting of 297 scans from over 120 mice collected by four different operators.</span></p> <p><span>This work demonstrates that it is possible to record tumour measurements in a rapid minimally invasive, morphology-independent way, and with less human-bias compared to callipers, whilst also improving data traceability. Furthermore, the images collected by BioVolume may be useful, for example, as a source of biomarkers for animal welfare and secondary drug toxicity / efficacy.</span></p>
Data from: A combined parasitological-molecular approach for non-invasive characterization of parasitic nematode communities in wild hosts
Most hosts are concurrently or sequentially infected with multiple parasites; thus, fully understanding interactions between individual parasite species and their hosts depends on accurate characterization of the parasite community. For parasitic nematodes, noninvasive methods for obtaining quantitative, species-specific infection data in wildlife are often unreliable. Consequently, characterization of gastrointestinal nematode communities of wild hosts has largely relied on lethal sampling to isolate and enumerate adult worms directly from the tissues of dead hosts. The necessity of lethal sampling severely restricts the host species that can be studied, the adequacy of sample sizes to assess diversity, the geographic scope of collections and the research questions that can be addressed. Focusing on gastrointestinal nematodes of wild African buffalo, we evaluated whether accurate characterization of nematode communities could be made using a noninvasive technique that combined conventional parasitological approaches with molecular barcoding. To establish the reliability of this new method, we compared estimates of gastrointestinal nematode abundance, prevalence, richness and community composition derived from lethal sampling with estimates derived from our noninvasive approach. Our noninvasive technique accurately estimated total and species-specific worm abundances, as well as worm prevalence and community composition when compared to the lethal sampling method. Importantly, the rate of parasite species discovery was similar for both methods, and only a modest number of barcoded larvae (n = 10) were needed to capture key aspects of parasite community composition. Overall, this new noninvasive strategy offers numerous advantages over lethal sampling methods for studying nematode–host interactions in wildlife and can readily be applied to a range of study systems.
Data from: Sex-specific prey partitioning in breeding piscivorous birds examined via a novel, non-invasive approach
Piscivorous birds frequently display sex-specific differences in their hunting and feeding behaviour, which lead to diverging impacts on prey populations. Cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae), for example, were previously studied to examine dietary differences between the sexes and males were found to consume larger fish in coastal areas during autumn and winter. However, information on prey partitioning during breeding and generally on sex-specific foraging in inland waters is missing. Here, we assess sex-specific prey choice of Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) during two subsequent breeding seasons in the Central European Alpine foreland, an area characterized by numerous stagnant and flowing waters in close proximity to each other. We developed a unique, non-invasive approach and applied it to regurgitated pellets: molecular cormorant sexing combined with molecular fish identification and fish-length regression analysis performed on prey hard parts. Altogether, 364 pellets delivered information on both, bird sex and consumed prey. The sexes differed significantly in their overall prey composition, even though Perca fluviatilis, Rutilus rutilus and Coregonus spp. represented the main food source for both. Albeit prey composition did not indicate the use of different water bodies by the sexes, male diet was characterized by higher prey diversity within a pellet and the consumption of larger fish. The current findings show that female and male cormorants to some extent target the available prey spectrum at different levels. Finally, the comprehensive and non-invasive approach has great potential for application in studies of other piscivorous bird species.
Data from: A non-invasive method for sampling the body odour of mammals
1. Olfaction is a central aspect of mammalian communication, providing information about individual attributes such as identity, sex, group membership or genetic quality. Yet, the chemical underpinnings of olfactory cues remain little understood, one of the reasons being the difficulty in obtaining high quality samples for chemical analysis. 2. In the present study we adjusted and evaluated the use of thermal desorption (TD) tubes, commonly used in plant metabolomic and environmental studies, for non-invasive sampling of mammalian body odour. We obtained chemical profiles of meerkat (Suricata suricatta) body odour samples using TD tubes analysed with gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 3. TD tubes captured a wide range of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds including compounds likely originating from the target animals. Adjustment of sampling parameters (distance, volume, flow rate, interruption of sampling) to increase the feasibility for a non-invasive application yielded samples of adequate quality. However, to minimize the variability between samples, sampling parameters should be kept constant and samples should be collected when no conspecifics are close-by. 4. The method was sensitive enough to pick up population differences in the chemical profiles of two captive groups of meerkats, demonstrating its applicability to biological questions. With sufficiently habituated animals, the method is applicable non-invasively, allowing short- and long-term studies on a wide range of questions, including e.g. chemical signatures of kinship, diet, individual health or reproductive state.
Non-invasive surveys of mammalian viruses using environmental DNA
<p class="BodyA">This dataset provides supplemental information to interpret the data published in Alfano & Dayaram et al. 2021. The study investigates how environmental DNA (eDNA) and invertebrate-derived DNA (iDNA) can be used to characterize the yet largely unknown virome present in mammalian wildlife. <span>Environmental DNA and iDNA are used to survey biodiversity non-invasively to mitigate difficulties in obtaining wildlife samples, particularly in remote areas or for rare species. Recently, eDNA/iDNA were used to monitor known wildlife pathogens, however, most wildlife pathogens are unknown and often evolutionarily divergent. To detect and identify known and novel mammalian viruses from eDNA/iDNA, we used a curated set of RNA oligonucleotides as viral baits in a hybridization capture system coupled with high throughput sequencing. We detected multiple known and novel mammalian RNA and DNA viruses from multiple viral families from both waterhole eDNA and leech derived iDNA. Congruence was found between detected hosts and viruses identified in leeches and waterholes. Our results demonstrate that eDNA/iDNA samples represent an effective non-invasive resource for studying wildlife viral diversity and for detecting novel potentially zoonotic viruses prior to their emergence.</span></p>
Figure 3 in New non-invasive photo-identification technique for free-ranging giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) facilitates urgently needed field studies
Figure 3. Example of 4 years of consistent morphologic characteristics of a giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla). Variations in boldness of the drop-shaped black spot are typical for varying light situations. Uncommon are some white hairs within the black flag, the white 'blob' in the stripe above it and the ear shape. Photo by Lydia Möcklinghoff in the Brazilian Pantanal.
Figure 2 in New non-invasive photo-identification technique for free-ranging giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) facilitates urgently needed field studies
Figure 2. Example of coded photo-ID of four individual giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) sighted in the Brazilian Pantanal. For every picture the date, time and locality of the sighting were recorded. The arrows point to biometric traits that enable discrimination of individuals. These have been categorised in Table 1; stars refer to categories in this matrix (*foreleg, **bracelet, ***stripe, ****scars). As an example, the animals are here only shown from one lateral side. In practice, other photographs, preferably of both lateral sides as well as the front, were considered for the coding of the matrix and the catalogue. Photos by Lydia Möcklinghoff.
Figure 4 in New non-invasive photo-identification technique for free-ranging giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) facilitates urgently needed field studies
Figure 4. Relation between number of individuals classified by volunteers and grade of interobserver agreement relative to the identity assigned to individual giant anteaters by the first author.
Figure 1 in New non-invasive photo-identification technique for free-ranging giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) facilitates urgently needed field studies
Figure 1. Map of the study area, Fazenda Barranco Alto in the Southern Pantanal. The inset indicates its location in Brazil.
FIGURE 5 in Non-invasive ancient DNA protocol for fluid-preserved specimens and phylogenetic systematics of the genus Orestias (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae)
FIGURE 5. Molecular phylogeny of Orestias complexes including 'fresh' species and morphotype ("morpho") representatives, and type specimens. Maximum clade credibility tree for rhodopsin sequences. Values at branch nodes refer to highest posterior probability of occurrence for clades (> 0.95); within parenthesis are shown posterior values when removing type specimens from the analysis. Scale bar below tree indicates sequence divergence. Type specimens are highlighted with an asterisk. See Table 2 for specimen acronyms.
FIGURE 2 in Non-invasive ancient DNA protocol for fluid-preserved specimens and phylogenetic systematics of the genus Orestias (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae)
FIGURE 2. Gel electrophoresis displaying extracted DNA (a) and amplified PCR fragments (b) in two historical samples of O. mulleri (MNHN 1981-1428#4 and #13). In a, columns 1–2: extracted DNA for specimen #4 (aliquots a and b); columns 3–4: extracted DNA for specimen #13 (aliquot a and b); column 5: negative DNA extraction control; M: molecular weight marker (100 bp ladder). In b, PCR amplification products for control region and rhodopsin are left and right to the molecular weight marker, respectively. Columns 1–2: specimen #4 (aliquots a and b); columns 3–4: specimen #13 (aliquots a and b); column 5: negative PCR control; column 6: positive PCR control. M: molecular weight marker (100 bp ladder).
FIGURE 3 in Non-invasive ancient DNA protocol for fluid-preserved specimens and phylogenetic systematics of the genus Orestias (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae)
FIGURE 3. Example of type specimens treated by incubation in GuSCN bath. Left/right sides: specimens before/after DNA extraction procedure. Damage scale (see Material and Methods): A and B = 1, C = 2 and D = 3. Scale bar represents 2 cm.
Estimating red fox density using non-invasive genetic sampling and spatial capture–recapture modelling
<p>Data and scripts for our paper:</p> <p>Lindsø, L.K., Dupont, P., Rød-Eriksen, L. <em>et al.</em> Estimating red fox density using non-invasive genetic sampling and spatial capture–recapture modelling. <em>Oecologia</em> <strong>198</strong>, 139–151 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05087-3</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.