Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
388
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
388 results for “parental effects”
Data from: Post-hatching parental care masks the effects of egg size on offspring fitness: a removal experiment on burying beetles
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Parental environmental effects due to contrasting watering adapt competitive ability, but not drought tolerance, in offspring of a semi-arid annual Brassicaceae
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Parental genetic effects in a cavefish adaptive behavior explain disparity between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Genetic variation in parental effects contributes to the evolutionary potential of prey responses to predation risk
<p class="CxSpFirst">Despite the ubiquity of parental effects and their potential impact on evolutionary dynamics, their contribution to the evolution of predator-prey interactions remains poorly understood. Using quantitative genetics, here we demonstrate that parental effects substantially contribute to the evolutionary potential of larval antipredator responses in a leaf<i> </i>beetle (<em>Leptinotarsa</em> <i>decemlineata</i>). Previous research showed that larger <em>L.</em> <i>decemlineata</i> larvae elicit stronger antipredator responses, and mothers perceiving predators improved offspring responses by increasing intraclutch cannibalism –an extreme form of offspring provisioning. We now report substantial additive genetic variation underlying maternal ability to induce intraclutch cannibalism, indicating the potential of this adaptive maternal effect to evolve by natural selection. We also show that paternal size, a heritable trait, impacted larval responses to predation risk, but that larval responses themselves had little additive genetic variation. Together, these results demonstrate how larval responses to predation risk can evolve via two types of parental effects, both of which provide indirect sources of genetic variation for offspring traits.<b> </b></p>
Sex‐specific effects of predation risk on parental care in a sexually dichromatic Neotropical songbird
<p>Predation risk affects a broad range of bird behaviours, especially parental care. The adaptive behavioural changes presented by both parents, however, may differ according to different levels of predation risk suffered by each sex. This is especially prominent in sexually dichromatic species, where one of the sexes is more visually conspicuous and hence vulnerable to increased nest predation risk during nest visits. Here, we experimentally investigated how predation risk affects the parental behaviour of a sexually dichromatic Neotropical passerine, the blue-black grassquit (Volatinia jacarina). We used playbacks of known predators and non-predatorial control sympatric species near nesting pairs in the field. Results show that grassquits modify their behaviour according to predation risk and that this behavioural response is sexdependent. Males decrease their nest visit times, become more discreet when moving towards the nest, and stop performing sexual displays after leaving the nest. In contrast, females tend to decrease latency to visit the nest and increase the duration of brooding bouts. These different sex responses reduce nest visual and acoustic detectability, since conspicuous males are readily spotted on nests and cryptic females camouflage nestlings and suppress begging calls. Although these behavioural changes might reduce predation risk, there might be a cost of reduced food load to nestlings and increased brood starvation risk. These changes in nesting activities illustrate the behavioural adaptability of passerines to ensure offspring survival in tropical high predation risk environments.</p>
Data from: A multigenerational effect of parental age on offspring size but not fitness in common duckweed (Lemna minor)
Classic theories on the evolution of senescence make the simplifying assumption that all offspring are of equal quality, so that demographic senescence only manifests through declining rates of survival or fecundity. However, there is now evidence that, in addition to declining rates of survival and fecundity, many organisms are subject to age-related declines in the quality of offspring produced (i.e. parental age effects). Recent modelling approaches allow for the incorporation of parental age effects into classic demographic analyses, assuming that such effects are limited to a single generation. Does this 'single-generation' assumption hold? To find out, we conducted a laboratory study with the aquatic plant Lemna minor, a species for which parental age effects have been demonstrated previously. We compared the size and fitness of 423 lab-cultured plants (asexually-derived ramets) representing various birth orders, and ancestral 'birth-order genealogies'. We found that offspring size and fitness both declined with increasing 'immediate' birth order (i.e. birth order with respect to the immediate parent), but only offspring size was affected by ancestral birth order. Thus, the assumption that parental age effects on offspring fitness are limited to a single generation does in fact hold for L. minor. This result will guide theorists aiming to refine and generalise modelling approaches that incorporate parental age effects into evolutionary theory on senescence.
Data from: Effects of inbreeding on behavioural plasticity of parent-offspring interactions in a burying beetle
<p>Inbreeding depression is defined as a fitness decline in progeny resulting from mating between related individuals, the severity of which may vary across environmental conditions. Such inbreeding-by-environment interactions might reflect that inbred individuals have a lower capacity for adjusting their phenotype to match different environmental conditions better, as shown in prior studies on developmental plasticity. Behavioural plasticity is more flexible than developmental plasticity because it is reversible and relatively quick, but little is known about its sensitivity to inbreeding. Here we investigate effects of inbreeding on behavioural plasticity in the context of parent-offspring interactions in the burying beetle <i>Nicrophorus vespilloides</i>. Larvae increase begging with the level of hunger, and parents increase their level of care when brood sizes increase. Here we find that inbreeding increased behavioural plasticity in larvae, reducing their time spent associating with a parent in response to the length of food-deprivation more than outbred larvae. However, inbreeding had no effect on the behavioural plasticity of offspring begging or any parental behaviour. Overall, our results show that inbreeding can <i>increase</i> behavioural plasticity. We suggest that inbreeding-by-environment interactions might arise when inbreeding is associated with too little or too much plasticity in response to changing environmental conditions.</p>
Data from: Effects of offspring and parental inbreeding on parent-offspring communication
There is mounting evidence that inbreeding can have complex effects on social interactions among inbred and outbred individuals. Here, we investigate effects of offspring and maternal inbreeding on parent-offspring communication in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides. We find effects of the interaction between offspring and maternal inbreeding on maternal behavior. Outbred females provided more direct care towards inbred larvae, while inbred females provided similar levels of direct care towards inbred and outbred larvae. Furthermore, we find direct and indirect effects of offspring inbreeding on offspring begging and maternal behavior, respectively. Inbred larvae spent less time begging than outbred larvae, and (outbred) females provided more direct care and less indirect care towards inbred larvae. Finally, we find effects of the interaction between offspring and maternal inbreeding on larval body mass. Inbred and outbred offspring grew to a similar size when the female was outbred, whilst inbred offspring were smaller size when the female was inbred. Our results suggest that outbred females provided more care towards inbred offspring to compensate for their poor genetic quality. Our study advances our understanding of inbreeding by showing that inbreeding can have direct effects on the behavior of inbred individuals and indirect effects on the behavior of outbred individuals, and that indirect effects on outbred individuals, in turn, may influence the fitness of inbred individuals.
Data from: Estimating parent-specific QTL effects through cumulating linked identity-by-state SNP effects in multiparental populations
The emergence of multiparental mapping populations enabled plant geneticists to gain deeper insights into the genetic architecture of major agronomic traits and to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling the expression of these traits. Although the investigated mapping populations are similar, one open question is whether genotype data should be modelled as identical by state (IBS) or identical by descent (IBD). Whereas IBS simply makes use of raw genotype scores to distinguish alleles, IBD data are derived from parental offspring information. We report on comparing IBS and IBD by applying two multiple regression models on four traits studied in the barley nested association mapping (NAM) population HEB-25. We observed that modelling parent-specific IBD genotypes produced a lower number of significant QTLs with increased prediction abilities compared with modelling IBS genotypes. However, at lower trait heritabilities the IBS model produced higher prediction abilities. We developed a method to estimate multiallelic QTL effects in multiparental populations from simple biallelic IBS data. This method is based on cumulating IBS-derived single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effect estimates in a defined genetic region surrounding a QTL. Comparing the resulting parent-specific QTL effects with those obtained from IBD approaches revealed high accordance that could be confirmed through simulations. The method turned out to be also applicable to a barley multiparent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population. The 'cumulation method' represents a universal approach to differentiate parent-specific QTL effects in multiparental populations, even if no IBD information is available. In future, the method could further benefit from the availability of much denser SNP maps.
Data from: Parental effects alter the adaptive value of an adult behavioural trait
The parents' phenotype, or the environment they create for their young, can have long-lasting effects on their offspring, with profound evolutionary consequences. Yet virtually no work has considered how such parental effects might change the adaptive value of behavioural traits expressed by offspring upon reaching adulthood. To address this problem, we combined experiments on burying beetles (Nicrophorus vespilloides) with theoretical modelling, and focussed on one adult behavioural trait in particular: the supply of parental care. We manipulated the early life environment and measured the fitness payoffs associated with the supply of parental care when larvae reached maturity. We found that (1) adults that received low levels of care as larvae were less successful at raising larger broods, and suffered greater mortality as a result: they were low quality parents. Furthermore (2) high quality males that raised offspring with low quality females subsequently suffered greater mortality than brothers of equivalent quality, which reared larvae with higher quality females. Our analyses identify three general ways in which parental effects can change the adaptive value of an adult behavioural trait: by influencing the associated fitness benefits and costs; by consequently changing the evolutionary outcome of social interactions; and by modifying the evolutionarily stable expression of behavioural traits that are themselves parental effects.
Data from: Parental care mitigates carry-over effects of poor early conditions on offspring growth
Poor developmental conditions can have long-lasting negative effects on offspring phenotypes, but impacts often differ among species. Contrasting responses may reflect disparities in experimental protocols among single-species studies or inherent differences among species in their sensitivity to early conditions and/or ability to mitigate negative impacts. We used a common experimental protocol to assess and compare the role of parental care in mitigating effects of poor early conditions on offspring among 4 sympatric bird species in the wild. We experimentally induced low incubation temperatures and examined effects on embryonic developmental rates, hatching success, nestling growth rates, and parental responses. We examined the generality of these effects across 4 species that differ in their phylogenetic history, breeding ecology, and life histories. We found that cooling led to delayed hatching in all species, but carry-over effects on offspring differed among species. Parents of some but not all species increased their offspring provisioning rates in response to experimental cooling with critical benefits for offspring growth rates. Our study shows for the first time that species exhibit clear differences in the degree to which they are affected by poor early conditions. Observed differences among species demonstrate that parental care is a critical mechanism for mitigating potential negative effects on offspring and suggest that parental responses may be constrained to varying degrees by ecology and life histories.
Data from: Multiple simultaneous treatments change plant response from adaptive parental effects to within-generation plasticity, in Arabidopsis thaliana
In general, studies on plant phenotypic plasticity concentrate on plant responses to different levels of a single environmental factor. Under natural conditions, however, multiple environmental factors often vary simultaneously. I studied the consequences for lifetime fitness caused by single treatments or treatment combinations by investigating patterns of phenotypic plasticity within and between generations. The parental plants (3 genotypes of the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana) received zero, one or two stress treatments at an early life-stage. The treatments included wounding, shading, chilling, and their pairwise combinations. In the second generation, offspring of treated plants received either the parental or no treatment. Offspring of non-treated plants were reared under all treatment conditions. Plants responded strongly to the treatments, especially through delayed reproduction, which positively affected lifetime fitness. Notably, treatment combinations triggered stronger plastic responses on average. Because the delay in reproduction was offset by a delay in senescence, the treatments resulted in a fitness gain instead of a loss. However, under adverse environmental conditions, this delay represents a potential fitness cost, especially when the time for reproduction is limited. The treatments wounding and shading triggered parental effects that increased fitness only in plants that themselves received the treatment. Untreated offspring of wounded or shaded parents performed like control plants. Also, these parental effects were not accompanied by potential fitness costs, such as delayed reproduction. Chilling triggered genotype-specific parental effects that increased or reduced fitness. Of the treatment combinations only wounding and shading resulted in genotype-specific parental effects that increased or reduced fitness independently of offspring treatment. These results suggest that the response of annual plants to treatment combinations triggers predominantly within-generation plastic responses that include potential fitness costs, which cannot be inferred from studies that manipulate environmental factors individually. Therefore, single treatment studies likely underestimate the costs of plasticity in natural environments.
Table 1 in Effect Of Parental Care On The Duration Of Larval Development And Offspring Survival In Nicrophorus Mexicanus Matthews (Coleoptera: Silphidae)
<p><b>Table 1.</b> Percentage of offspring survival in <i>N. mexicanus</i> in the three experimental groups. ni = number initial of larvae hatching for group. L1 = first instar larvae, L2 = second instar larvae, L3 = third instar larvae, pp = prepupae, p = pupae.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th>Offspring Survival (%)</th><th>)</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Treatment groups</th><td>ni</td><td>L1­L2 L3­PP PP­P</td></tr><tr><th>1) Control: parental care</th><td>390</td><td>97</td><td>90 70</td><td>70</td></tr><tr><th>2) With Brood­mass. Parents removed pre­hatching</th><td>468</td><td>95</td><td>89 60</td><td>60</td></tr><tr><th>3) Without care parental: with fresh meat, brood­mass</th><td>351</td><td>90</td><td>77 28</td><td>28</td></tr><tr><th>no present and parents removed pre­hatching</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
Table 2 in Effect Of Parental Care On The Duration Of Larval Development And Offspring Survival In Nicrophorus Mexicanus Matthews (Coleoptera: Silphidae)
<p><b>Table 2.</b> Significant differences in the variation the number of offspring surviving to adult emergence between three experimental groups.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Compared groups</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><td>Difference</td><td>SE</td><td>Q</td><td>Q0.05 P <0­05</td></tr><tr><th>1 vs 3 1 vs 2</th><td>28.13–12.78 = 15.35 28.13–25.93 = 2.2</td><td>4.77 4.68</td><td>3.218 0.47</td><td>2.394 2.394</td><td>*</td></tr><tr><th>2 vs 3</th><td>25.93–12.78 = 13.15</td><td>4.77</td><td>2.75</td><td>2.394</td><td>*</td></tr><tr><th>Experimental groups</th><td>1</td><td></td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>average ranges sample size</th><td>28.13 15</td><td></td><td>25.93 14</td><td>12.78 15</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table><p>* indicate a significant difference.</p>
No evidence for increased fitness of offspring from multigenerational effects of parental size or natal carcass size in the burying beetle Nicrophorus marginatus
<p>Multigenerational effects (often called maternal effects) are components of the offspring phenotype that result from the parental phenotype and the parental environment as opposed to heritable genetic effects. Multigenerational effects are widespread in nature and are often studied because of their potentially important effects on offspring traits. Although multigenerational effects are commonly observed, few studies have addressed whether they affect offspring fitness. In this study we assess the effect of potential multigenerational effects of parental body size and natal carcass size on lifetime fitness in the burying beetle, <i>Nicrophorus marginatus</i> (Coleoptera; Silphidae). Lifespan, total number of offspring, and number of offspring in the first reproductive bout were not significantly related to parental body size or natal carcass size. However, current carcass size used for reproduction was a significant predictor for lifetime number of offspring and number of offspring in the first brood. We find no evidence that multigenerational effects from larger parents or larger natal carcasses contribute to increased fitness of offspring.</p>
Effects of Preparing Parents To Participate In Their Child's Care In The Recovery Room
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02766452. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 4.
Effects of an Information-Based Discharge Service on Preterm Infants, Parents, and Hospitals
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06613386. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 10.
The Mental Health Effects of a Mindfulness App in Parents of a Child With Medical Complexity
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05925868. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Mindfulness Based Childbirth and Parenting Education - RCT of Effects on Parent and Child Health
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02441595. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 0. Publications: 3.
Secondary Effects of Parent Treatment for Drug Abuse on Children
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01172587. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 5.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.