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196 results for “pollen morphology”
The lion's mane: sexual and natural selection on pollen morphology in Taraxacum
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Morphological characteristics of pollen from triploid watermelon and its fate on stigmas in a hybrid crop production system
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Data from: A continuous morphological approach to study the evolution of pollen in a phylogenetic context: an example with the order Myrtales
The study of pollen morphology has historically allowed evolutionary biologists to assess phylogenetic relationships among Angiosperms, as well as to better understand the fossil record. During this process, pollen has mainly been studied by discretizing some of its main characteristics such as size, shape, and exine ornamentation. One large plant clade in which pollen has been used this way for phylogenetic inference and character mapping is the order Myrtales, composed by the small families Alzateaceae, Crypteroniaceae, and Penaeaceae (collectively the "CAP clade"), as well as the large families Combretaceae, Lythraceae, Melastomataceae, Myrtaceae, Onagraceae and Vochysiaceae. In this study, we present a novel way to study pollen evolution by using quantitative size and shape variables. We use morphometric and morphospace methods to evaluate pollen change in the order Myrtales using a time-calibrated, supermatrix phylogeny. We then test for conservatism, divergence, and morphological convergence of pollen and for correlation between the latitudinal gradient and pollen size and shape. To obtain an estimate of shape, Myrtales pollen images were extracted from the literature, and their outlines analyzed using elliptic Fourier methods. Shape and size variables were then analyzed in a phylogenetic framework under an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to test for shifts in size and shape during the evolutionary history of Myrtales. Few shifts in Myrtales pollen morphology were found which indicates morphological conservatism. Heterocolpate, small pollen is ancestral with largest pollen in Onagraceae. Convergent shifts in shape but not size occurred in Myrtaceae and Onagraceae and are correlated to shifts in latitude and biogeography. A quantitative approach was applied for the first time to examine pollen evolution across a large time scale. Using phylogenetic based morphometrics and an OU process, hypotheses of pollen size and shape were tested across Myrtales. Convergent pollen shifts and position in the latitudinal gradient support the selective role of harmomegathy, the mechanism by which pollen grains accommodate their volume in response to water loss.
FIGURE 1. P in Pollen morphology of some Veronica species (Plantaginaceae) from Turkey
FIGURE 1. P/E ratio of pollen of the studied taxa of Veronica.
FIGURE 10 in Systematic significance of pollen morphology in rare endemic taxa of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)
FIGURE 10. Variation in exine thickness from all investigated taxa.
FIGURE 5 in Systematic significance of pollen morphology in rare endemic taxa of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)
FIGURE 5. Variation in length of colpi from all investigated taxa.
FIGURE 8 in Systematic significance of pollen morphology in rare endemic taxa of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)
FIGURE 8. Variation in width of pore from all investigated taxa.
FIGURE 3 in Systematic significance of pollen morphology in rare endemic taxa of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)
FIGURE 3. Variation in equatorial diameter from all investigated taxa.
FIGURE 2 in Systematic significance of pollen morphology in rare endemic taxa of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)
FIGURE 2. Variation in polar diameter from all investigated taxa.
FIGURE 4 in Systematic significance of pollen morphology in rare endemic taxa of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)
FIGURE 4. Variation in P/E ratio from all investigated taxa.
FIGURE 9 in Systematic significance of pollen morphology in rare endemic taxa of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)
FIGURE 9. Variation in mesocolpium from all investigated taxa.
FIGURE 7 in Systematic significance of pollen morphology in rare endemic taxa of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)
FIGURE 7. Variation in length of pore from all investigated taxa.
FIGURE 6 in Systematic significance of pollen morphology in rare endemic taxa of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)
FIGURE 6. Variation in width of colpi from all investigated taxa.
Supplementary material 1 from: Sánchez-Chávez E, Vovides A, Sosa V (2022) Pollen morphology of the genera Hidalgoa and Dahlia (Coreopsideae, Asteraceae): implications for taxonomy. PhytoKeys 199: 187-202. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.199.79501
Tables S1, S2
Figure 2 from: Başer B, Fırat M, Aziret A (2016) The pollen morphology of Pelargonium endlicherianum and Pelargonium quercetorum (Geraniaceae) in Turkey. PhytoKeys 75: 153-162. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.75.11011
Figure 2 - SEM microphotography; Pelargonium endlicherianum: A Polar view (×1,300) B exine surface (×3,700). Pelargonium quercetorum: c Equatorial view (×1,200) d exine surface (×4,000).
Figure 1 from: Başer B, Fırat M, Aziret A (2016) The pollen morphology of Pelargonium endlicherianum and Pelargonium quercetorum (Geraniaceae) in Turkey. PhytoKeys 75: 153-162. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.75.11011
Figure 1 - Light microscope microphotography; Pelargonium endlicherianum: a Polar sight b Ekvatoryal sight c exine ornamentation, Pelargonium quercetorum d Polar view e Equatorial view f exine ornamentations. Scale: a–f = 20 µm.
Supplementary material 1 from: Ruiz-Domínguez C, Vovides AP, Sosa V (2019) Systematic relevance of pollen morphology in tribe Hylocereeae (Cactaceae). PhytoKeys 128: 121-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.128.35842
: Data type: species data
Figure 5 from: Ruiz-Domínguez C, Vovides AP, Sosa V (2019) Systematic relevance of pollen morphology in tribe Hylocereeae (Cactaceae). PhytoKeys 128: 121-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.128.35842
Figure 5 Box plots of two coded pollen characters, which are discriminant for genus in tribe Hylocereeae. A Spinule length B perforation diameter. Boxes represent the first and third percentiles and black lines indicate median values. Character states are indicated (0, 1 and 2) for each character and measurement range is indicated. Measurements are in µm.
Figure 6 from: Ruiz-Domínguez C, Vovides AP, Sosa V (2019) Systematic relevance of pollen morphology in tribe Hylocereeae (Cactaceae). PhytoKeys 128: 121-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.128.35842
Figure 6 Principal Component Analysis graph. A Scatterplot displaying projections in a multidimensional space of the pollen grain characters: Apocolpium (A), Mesocolpium (M), Equatorial diameter in polar view (EDP) Exine length (EL), Polar Area Index (PAI), Equatorial diameter (ED), Polar axis (PA), Shape class (PE), Spinule length (SL), Spinule base (SB), Perforation diameter (PD). PC1 explains 44% of the variance and PC2 explains 18.4% of the variance B Sorting of the 27 species of tribe Hylocereeae, in relation to the morphometric variables of pollen grains.
Figure 3 from: Ruiz-Domínguez C, Vovides AP, Sosa V (2019) Systematic relevance of pollen morphology in tribe Hylocereeae (Cactaceae). PhytoKeys 128: 121-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.128.35842
Figure 3 Pollen grains of tribe Hylocereeae (Scanning Electron Microscope photographs). Left polar view, right equatorial view AAcanthocereus tetragonus (C. Ruiz et al. 576) BDisocactus ackermanii (R. Torres et al. 309) CEpiphyllum oxypetalum (C. Ruiz et al. 640) DSelenicereus costaricensis (C. Ruiz et al. 555) ES. escuintlensis (C. Ruiz et al. 635) FS. guatemalensis (M. Véliz et al. 20227) GS. minutiflorus (C. Ruiz et al. 627) HS. ocamponis (M. Cházaro 7334) IS. polyrhizus (C. Ruiz et al. 566) JS. sp. (C. Ruiz et al. 608).
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