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507 results for “symbiont”
Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) as a tool for investigating dynamics of cryptic symbionts
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Data for: Dispersal-limited symbionts exhibit unexpectedly wide variation in host specificity
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Supplementary tables for Honey Bee symbiont buffers larvae against nutritional stress and supplements lysine
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Data from: Symbiont-specific responses to environmental cues in a threesome lichen symbiosis
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Fungal symbiont diversity drives growth of Holcus lanatus depending on soil nutrient availability
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Facultative symbiont virulence determines horizontal transmission rate without host specificity in Dictyostelium discoideum social amoebas
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Data for: Does parasitoid species diversity promote protective symbiont diversity?
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Prior adaptation of parasitoids improves biological control of symbiont-protected pests
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Cryptic community structure and metabolic interactions among the heritable facultative symbionts of the pea aphid
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Host diversity outperforms climate as a global driver of symbiont diversity in the bird-feather mite system
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Data from: A theoretical model for host-controlled regulation of symbiont density
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Data from: Symbiont infection and psyllid haplotype influence phenotypic plasticity during host switching events
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Corals adapted to extreme and fluctuating seawater pH increase calcification rates and have unique symbiont communities
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Preferential allocation of benefits and resource competition among recipients allows coexistence of symbionts within hosts
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Contrasting influences on bacterial symbiont specificity by co-occurring deep-sea mussels and tubeworms
<p>Relationships between deep-sea invertebrates and bacterial symbionts, fueled by sulfide and methane, are well known, yet factors influencing symbiont specificity remain cryptic. For animals that obtain their symbionts from the environment, both host identity and geographic location can impact the ultimate symbiont partner. Bacterial symbionts were analyzed for 3 co-occurring species each of <i>Bathymodiolus</i> mussels and vestimentiferan tubeworms, from three deep methane seeps off the west coast of Costa Rica. The bacterial internal transcribed spacer gene was analyzed via direct and barcoded amplicon sequencing to reveal fine-scale symbiont diversity. Each of the three mussel species (<i>B. earlougheri, B. billschneideri </i>and<i> B. nancyschneideri</i>) hosted genetically-distinct thiotrophic endosymbionts, despite living nearly side-by-side in their habitat, suggesting that host identity is influential in driving symbiont specificity.<b> </b>The dominant thiotrophic symbiont of co-occurring tubeworms <i>Escarpia spicata</i> and <i>Lamellibrachia (L. barhami </i>and<i> L. donwalshi)</i>, on the other hand, was identical regardless of host species or sample location, suggesting lack of influence by either factor on symbiont selectivity in this group of animals. These findings highlight the specific, yet distinct, influences on the environmental acquisition of symbionts in two foundational invertebrates with similar lifestyles, and provide a rapid and precise method of examining symbiont identities.</p>
Data from: The many faced symbiotic snakelocks anemone (Anemonia viridis, Anthozoa): host and symbiont genetic differentiation among colour morphs
How can we explain morphological variations in a holobiont? The genetic determinism of phenotypes is not always obvious and could be circumstantial in complex organisms. In symbiotic cnidarians, it is known that morphology or colour can misrepresent a complex genetic and symbiotic diversity. Anemonia viridis is a symbiotic sea anemone from temperate seas. This species displays different colour morphs based on pigment content and lives in a wide geographical range. Here, we investigated whether colour morph differentiation correlated with host genetic diversity or associated symbiotic genetic diversity by using RAD-sequencing and symbiotic dinoflagellate typing of 140 sea anemones from the English Channel and the Mediterranean Sea. We did not observe genetic differentiation among colour morphs of A. viridis at the animal host or symbiont level, rejecting the hypothesis that A. viridis colour morphs correspond to species level differences. Interestingly, we however identified at least four independent animal host genetic lineages in A. viridis that differed in their associated symbiont populations. In conclusion, although the functional role of the different morphotypes of A. viridis remains to be determined, our approach provides new insights on the existence of cryptic species within A. viridis.
FIGURE 2 in The granulate ambrosia beetle, Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Coleoptera Curculionidae, Scolytinae), and its fungal symbiont found in South Africa
FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic and morphological identification of Ambrosiella roeperi. A Phylogram produced from maximum likelihood analysis using RAxML for the ITS region of isolates of A. roeperi. Isolates obtained and sequenced in this study are highlighted in bold. Nodes with bootstrap support higher than 75 are indicated. B Culture morphology of a two-week-old isolate grown on MEA (top left) and microscopic characters of A. roeperi. Scale bars: 50µm.
FIGURE 1 in The granulate ambrosia beetle, Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Coleoptera Curculionidae, Scolytinae), and its fungal symbiont found in South Africa
FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic and morphological identification of Xylosandrus crassiusculus. A Phylogram produced from maximum likelihood analysis using RAxML for the COI region of specimens of X. crassiusculus. Specimens sequenced in this study are highlighted in bold. Nodes with bootstrap support higher than 75 are indicated. B Lateral and dorsal view of a X. crassiusculus female. Scale bars: 2 mm.
Sequence alignments of Corallicolids, apicomplexan symbionts of coral
<p class="BodyA">Corals (Metazoa; Cnidaria; Anthozoa) have recently been shown to play host to a widespread and diverse group of intracellular symbionts of the phylum Apicomplexa. These symbionts, colloquially called 'corallicolids', are mostly known through molecular analyses, and no formal taxonomy has been proposed. Another apicomplexan, <i>Gemmocystis cylindrus</i> (described from the coral <i>Dendrogyra cylindrus</i>), may be related to corallicolids, but lacks molecular data. Here, we isolate and describe motile trophozoite (feeding) corallicolids cells using microscopic (light, SEM, and TEM) and molecular phylogenetic analysis to provide the basis for a formal description. Phylogenetic analyses using nuclear and plastid rRNA operons, and three mitochondrial protein sequences derived from single-cell transcriptomes, all confirm that these organisms fall into a discrete deep-branching clade within the Apicomplexa not closely related to any known species or major subgroup. As a result, we assign this clade to a new order, Corallicolida ord. nov., and family, Corallicolidae fam. nov. We describe a type species, <i>Corallicola aquarius</i> gen. nov. sp. nov. from its <i>Rhodactis </i>sp.<i> </i>host, and also describe a second species, <i>Anthozoaphila gnarlus</i> gen. nov. sp. nov., from the coral host <i>Madracis mirabilis</i>. Finally, we propose reassigning the incertae sedis taxon <i>G. cylindrus</i> from the order Agamococcidiorida to the Corallicolida, based on similarities in morphology and host localization to that of the corallicolids.</p>
Data from: Saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarp stoichiometry (C : N : P) across temperate rainforests as evidence of shared nutrient constraints among symbionts
Summary: Quantifying nutritional dynamics of free-living saprotrophs and symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) in the field is challenging, but the stoichiometry of fruiting bodies (sporocarps) may be an effective methodology for this purpose. Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) concentrations of soils, foliage and 146 sporocarp collections were analyzed from 14 Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii stands across a podzolization gradient on Vancouver Island (Canada). N and P concentrations were considerably higher in saprotrophic fungi. Fungal N% increased with soil N content at a greater rate for saprotrophs than EMF, while fungal P% of saprotrophs was more constrained. Fungal N:P was more responsive to soil N:P for EMF (homeostatic regulation coefficient 'H' =2.9) than saprotrophs (H= 5.9), while N:P of EMF and host tree foliage scaled almost identically. Results underscore the role of EMF as nutrient conduits, supporting host trees, whereas saprotrophs maintain a greater degree of nutritional homeostasis. Site nutrient constraints were shared in equal measure between EMF and host trees, particularly for P, suggesting neither partner benefits from enhanced nutrition at the expense of the other. Sporocarp stoichiometry provides new insights into mycorrhizal relationships and illustrates pervasive P deficiencies across temperate rainforests of the Pacific Northwest.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.