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181 results for “tree communities.”
Data from: Herbicides and herbivory interact to drive plant community and crop-tree establishment
Land management practices often directly alter vegetation structure and composition, but the degree to which ecological processes such as herbivory interact with management to influence biodiversity is less well understood. We hypothesized that large herbivores compound the effects of intensive forest management on early-seral plant communities and plantation establishment (i.e., tree survival and growth), and the degree of such effects is dependent on the intensity of management practices. We established 225 m2 wild ungulate (deer and elk) exclosures, nested within a manipulated gradient of management intensity (no-herbicide Control, Light herbicide, Moderate herbicide and Intensive herbicide treatments), replicated at the scale of whole harvest units (10-19 ha). Vegetation structure, composition and crop-tree responses to herbivory varied across the gradient of herbicide application during the first two years of stand establishment, with herbivory effects most evident at intermediate herbicide treatments. In the Moderate herbicide treatment – which approximates treatments applied to > 2.5 million hectares in Pacific Northwest U.S.A. – foraging by deer and elk resulted in simplified, low-cover plant communities more closely resembling the Intensive herbicide treatment. Herbivory further suppressed the growth of competing vegetation in the Light herbicide treatment, improving crop-tree survival, and providing early evidence of an ecosystem service. By changing community composition and vegetation structure, intensive forest management alters foraging selectivity and subsequent plant-herbivore interactions; initial shifts in early-seral communities are likely to influence understory plant communities and tree growth in later stages of forest development.
Data from: Deterministic tropical tree community turnover: evidence from patterns of functional beta diversity along an elevational gradient
Explaining the mechanisms that produce the enormous diversity within and between tropical tree communities is a pressing challenge for plant community ecologists. Mechanistic hypotheses range from niche-based deterministic to dispersal-based stochastic models. Strong tests of these hypotheses require detailed information regarding the functional strategies of species. A few tropical studies to date have examined trait dispersion within individual forest plots using species trait means in order to ask whether coexisting species tend to be more or less functionally similar than expected given a null model. The present work takes an alternative approach by: (i) explicitly incorporating population-level trait variability; and (ii) quantifying the functional beta diversity in a series of 15 tropical forest plots arrayed along an elevational gradient. The results show a strong pattern of decay in community functional similarity with elevation. These observed patterns of functional beta diversity are shown to be highly non-random and support a deterministic model of tropical tree community assembly and turnover.
Figure 3 in Epiphytic Bryophyte And Lichen Communities In Relation To Tree And Forest Stand Variables In Populus Tremula Forests Of South-East Latvia
Figure 3. Bryophyte species richness depending on tree bark pH and bark crevice depth (non parametric multiplicative regression model).
Figure 1 in Small forest fragments and their importance for conservation of tree communities in Atlantic Semideciduous Forest
Figure 1. Species accumulation curve designed by Bootstrap estimator for the nine sites of seasonal semideciduous forest in southeastern Brazil. Gray lines: Species with DAP <5.0 cm. Black lines: Species with DAP> 5.0 cm. Dashed line: standard deviation.
Figure 3 in Changes in galling insect community on Caryocar brasiliense trees mediated by soil chemical and physical attributes
Figure 3. Principal components regressions among: (A) abundance of parasitoids (A.P.) with abundance of galling insects (A.G.I.); (B) species richness of parasitoids (S.R.P.) with pH in water, species richness of galling insects (S.R.G.I.), and sand (dag kg-1) (Sa.); (C) diversity of parasitoids (D.P.) with diversity of galling insects (D.G.I.), silt (dag kg-1) (Si.), and clay (dag kg-1) (Cl.); (D) Sycophila sp. adults (Syc.) with Eurytoma sp. galling insect adults (Eur.) and Ablerus magistretti adults (Ama.); and (E) Ama. with Eur., phosphorus-Mehlich 1 (mg dm-3) contents (P.C.), Si., Syc., aluminum (cmol dm-3) contents (A.C.), and pH on Caryocar brasiliense trees in three years. The c symbols represent the averages and the bars the standard errors. n = 111.
Data from: Host associations and beta diversity of fungal endophyte communities in New Guinea rainforest trees
Processes shaping the distribution of foliar fungal endophyte species remain poorly understood. Despite increasing evidence that these cryptic fungal symbionts of plants mediate interactions with pathogens and herbivores, there remain basic questions regarding the extent to which dispersal limitation and host specificity might shape fungal endophyte community composition in rainforests. To assess the relative importance of spatial pattern and host specificity, we isolated fungi from a sample of mapped trees in lowland Papua New Guinea. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region were obtained for 2,079 fungal endophytes from three sites and clustered into molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) at 95% similarity. Multivariate analyses suggest that host affinity plays a significant role in structuring endophyte community composition whereas there was no evidence of endophyte spatial pattern at the scale of tens to hundreds of meters. Differences in endophyte communities between sampled trees were weakly correlated with variation in foliar traits but not with tree species relatedness. The dominance of relatively few generalist endophytes and the presence of a large number of rare MOTUs was a consistent observation at three sites separated by hundreds of kilometers and regional turnover was low. Host specificity appears to play a relatively weak but more important role than dispersal limitation in shaping the distribution of fungal endophyte communities in New Guinea forests. Our results suggest that in the absence of strong ecological gradients and host turnover, beta diversity of endophyte communities could be low in large areas of contiguous forest.
Supplementary material 1 from: Cocos D, Klapwijk MJ, Schroeder M (2023) Tree species preference and impact on native species community by the bark beetle Ips amitinus in a recently invaded region. In: Jactel H, Orazio C, Robinet C, Douma JC, Santini A, Battisti A, Branco M, Seehausen L, Kenis M (Eds) Conceptual and technical innovations to better manage invasions of alien pests and pathogens in forests. NeoBiota 84: 349-367. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.84.86586
Ips amitinus description, table S1
Community-wide trait means and variations affect biomass in a biodiversity experiment with tree seedlings
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Nest microhabitats and tree size mediate shifts in ant community structure across elevation in tropical rainforest canopies
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Data from: Host associations and beta diversity of fungal endophyte communities in New Guinea rainforest trees
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Data from: Plant phenological asynchrony and community structure of gall-inducing insects associated with a tropical tree species
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Data from: Herbicides and herbivory interact to drive plant community and crop-tree establishment
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Data from: Differences in endophyte communities of introduced trees depend on the phylogenetic relatedness of the receiving forest
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Data from: Deterministic tropical tree community turnover: evidence from patterns of functional beta diversity along an elevational gradient
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Data from: The influence of spatially structured soil properties on tree community assemblages at a landscape scale in the tropical forests of southern Cameroon
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Data from: Differences in the soil microbial community and carbon use efficiency following development of Vochysia guatemalensis tree plantations in unproductive pastures in Costa Rica
This study shows that Vochysia guatemalensis tree plantations were associated with enhanced soil biotic and abiotic characteristics in previously cleared forests in the Northern Zone of Costa Rica, suggesting the possible use of this practice as a restoration strategy for local land owners. Soil samples from a primary forest (PF), secondary forest (SF), and a 13-year-old (OV) plantation of V. guatemalensis had greater relative abundances of DNA sequences of microbial genera critical for C-use efficiency (i.e., the saprobe, complex C and wood rot/lignin decomposer fungi, and bacterial lignin and other complex C degraders), and greater levels of total organic C, C-biomass, and Microbial Quotients as indicators of enhanced C-use efficiency, than found in soils of adjacent 5-year-old (NV) V. guatemalensis plantations and abandoned non-productive pasture/grasslands (GR). The major research conclusions were that: 1) conversion of forested land into abandoned pasture/grasslands decreased the C-use efficiency in the soils and the microbial groups associated with C-use efficiency; 2) soils in plantations of V. guatemalensis were associated with increased abundances of the DNA of these same microbial groups and enhanced C-use efficiency; 3) DNA-based taxonomic analysis of microbes and analysis of the Microbial Quotient values can be used to monitor soil ecosystems for assessment of the efficacy of restoration activities. Thus, planting V. guatemalensis on damaged lands in the Maquenque National Wildlife Refuge (MNWR) should be encouraged to provide a sustainable forestry crop that can be harvested rotationally, while improving soil ecosystem health and reducing the pressure to harvest other forest sites.
Community assembly in native tree planting in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
<p>Dataset about six planted communities with 20-year-old under restoration in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We used this dataset to develop the under-review manuscript to be submitted in the Applied Vegetation Science Journal.</p>
Data from: Tree functional diversity affects litter decomposition and arthropod community composition in a tropical forest
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Data from: Differences in the soil microbial community and carbon use efficiency following development of Vochysia guatemalensis tree plantations in unproductive pastures in Costa Rica
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Data from: Combining aggregated and dispersed tree retention harvesting for conservation of vascular plant communities
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.