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61,240 results for “two”
Data for Linkage mapping of root shape traits associated with market class in two biparental carrot populations
<p> </p> <p>This repository contains essential data to support the findings presented in the forthcoming publication titled "Linkage Mapping of Root Shape Traits Associated with Market Class in Two Biparental Carrot Populations." It includes VCF files for two distinct carrot biparental populations, as well as R code for filtering, constructing linkage maps, and conducting QTL analysis. Furthermore, the repository hosts phenotypic data gathered from these two biparental populations during the years 2020 and 2021.</p> <p>Two carrot genetic maps, one for each population, have been made available alongside their respective phenotypic data.</p> <p>The provided R code contains absolute working directory paths that may not function as intended on your system. The primary purpose of sharing this code is to offer readers insight into the techniques employed in this study. You may need to adapt the directory paths to suit your specific setup. </p> <p>To assist readers in understanding the logical sequence of steps involved in our linkage mapping project, the R code scripts have been sequentially numbered from 0 to 10.</p> <p>For more info contact: vegaalfaro@wisc.edu.</p>
PALATABILITY OF TWO RODENTICIDE PRODUCTS: FIELD-BASED ASSESSMENT AT PALMYRA ATOLL
This dataset describes the palatability, for the land crab Cardisoma carnifex, of two rodenticide bait products available for conservation use in the U.S.: “25W” containing 25 ppm brodifacoum as the active ingredient, and “D50” containing 50 ppm diphacinone as the active ingredient. Both rodenticide bait products were found to be palatable to rats and crabs when presented alongside three commonly available food items: coconut endosperm (meat), the meristematic tissue of young coconut palms, and the fleshy mesocarp of Pandanus fruit.
Invasive species and thermal squeeze: Distribution of two invasive predators and drivers of ship rat (Rattus rattus) invasion in mid-elevation Fuscospora forest
This data package is from a trapping network set up in Craigieburn Forest Park, New Zealand, in 2013. These are records of the stoats and rats caught in the traps each time the traps were checked by volunteers since 2013. Associated long term air temperature and seedfall data from the Craigieburn area is also provided. If the original trapping records (containing more mammalian catch information such as weasels and cats) are required please contact the data providers.
Sediment organic matter at two stations in West Falmouth Harbor between 2007 and 2016
West Falmouth Harbor (West Falmouth, MA, USA) has been experiencing a dramatic increase in nitrogen loading from an upgradient municipal wastewater treatment facility since the early 2000’s. As part of a long-term study into the effects of this nitrogen enrichment, we have measured multiple biogeochemical processes at two locations within the harbor at either end of the eutrophication gradient - one in the well-flushed outer harbor (OH) and one in the inner basin closer to the dominant groundwater N source (Snug Harbor, SH). Samples of the top 4cm of the sediment profile were taken each year and analyzed for organic matter content via loss on ignition in the top 1cm and the sediment from 3-4cm deep. In a subset of years, intermediate depths were quantified, as well as samples below 4cm. Note, calculations for loss on ignition do not account for the weight of salt from porewater dried with the samples. A separate analysis found that salt accounts for between 3 and 19% of the dry weight of the sediment, depending on porosity. A calibration was done with percent carbon in 2009, showing a tight linear correlation between carbon content and organic matter across the entire site (%LOI = 2.71*%C + 0.2471).
COI and 18S metabarcoding data from Hidden Lake (Banff National Park, Canada) over two rotenone applications between 2018 and 2020.
Water samples were taken in Hidden Lake at five different time points around two rotenone applications: (i) five weeks prior to the first rotenone application, on July 12 2018; (ii) approximately three weeks after the first application of rotenone, on 7 September 2018; (iii) approximately 10 months after the first rotenone application, on 10 July 2019; (iv) four weeks following the final treatment of rotenone on the 17 September 2019; and (v) one year after the final rotenone treatment, on 19 August 2020. For each time point there is a pelagic, a littoral and a profundal sample. COI and 18S metabarcoding methods were used to produce community data. The objective of this study was to assess the non-target effect of rotenone application (in summer 2018 and 2019) on aquatic communities (i.e. phytoplankton, fungi, zooplankton and benthic macroinvertebrates).
Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) cyt b qPCR data from Hidden Lake (Banff National Park, Canada) over two rotenone applications between 2018 and 2020.
Water samples were taken in Hidden Lake at five different time points around two rotenone applications: (i) five weeks prior to the first rotenone application, on July 12 2018; (ii) approximately three weeks after the first application of rotenone, on 7 September 2018; (iii) approximately 10 months after the first rotenone application, on 10 July 2019; and (iv) one year after the final rotenone treatment, on 19 August 2020. For each time point, four pelagic and four littoral water samples were taken from Hidden Lake, as well as 8 to 13 water samples from Hidden Creek and Coral Creek for a total of 16 to 21 samples per time point. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) method was used to produce brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) cytochrome b copy number for each sample. The objective of this study was use eDNA to assess the efficacy of invasive brook trout removal using rotenone.
Community composition, richness, and density of endobionts from two sponge species in Crete, Greece, June 2021
These data was collected as part of a study titled "The “Single Hotel” hypothesis – Does sponge abundance affect endobionts’ diversity?" that was conducted in the island of Crete, Greece in June 2021. It includes collection of 30 sponge specimens of the common species (Agelas oroides and Sarcotragus foetidus) via SCUBA diving, their dissection and removal and identification of all endobionts living withing them (macroinvertebrates). The diversity of endobionts was then calculated and correlated with sponge properites (such as volume), and the sponges area and site of collection.
Flow discharge impact competition for food and shelter between two overlapping species of crayfish
Competition between aquatic organisms is heavily influenced by abiotic factors in the environment, specifically flow regime in aquatic systems. Flow regime has been shown to significantly affect the way in which a species uses the environmental resources and alterations in flow can exasperate competitive advantages by congenerics. However, little work has concentrated on the competitive outcome between native and invasive organisms as a function of flow regime. Here, we sought to uncover how competition between two crayfish species (the native virile crayfish [Faxonius virilis] and invasive rusty crayfish [Faxonius rusticus]) was affected by varying flow rates. To do this, we size-matched crayfish and quantified three separate behaviors (food use, shelter use, and fights) of crayfish in four different discharge levels (no discharge—0 cm3/s; low discharge—116 cm3/s; intermediate discharge—345 cm3 /s; high discharge—450 cm3/s). We found that the number of foraging bouts was significantly (p < 0.001) influenced by discharge levels for both species, where rusty crayfish foraged more often in no and discharge. The number of times crayfish sheltered also varied between species and was significantly (p < 0.001) altered by discharge level, where rusty crayfish sheltered more often in no discharge and virile crayfish sheltered more in low and intermediate discharge levels. Similarly, the number of fights that crayfish engaged in also significantly (p < 0.001) depended upon species and discharge levels. Rusty crayfish engaged in more agonistic activities in no and high discharge levels while virile crayfish participated most often in low and intermediate discharge levels
N-fixation rate and leaf N content in two species of Alnus and their relationship to diversity of symbiotic Frankia
This study investigated patterns of nitrogen (N) fixation rates, leaf N content, and geographic diversity in the N-fixing bacterium Frankia occurring in symbiosis with Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia and A. viridis ssp. fruticosa in early and late successional habitats on the Tanana river floodplain and surrounding uplands in the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest. Frankia diversity was estimated via polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the nifD-K spacer region, a non-coding region in the nitrogenase-encoding operon. Specific N-fixation rate was measured with a 15N2 uptake assay and leaf N content via mass spectrometry. Additional parameters measured were soil temperature and moisture, leaf del 15N, and specific leaf area.
Measurements of microbial biomass and activity in two snow manipulation experiments at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest 1998 – 2004
In 1997, as part of a study of the relationships between snow depth, soil freezing and nutrient cycling (http://www.ecostudies.org/people_sci_groffman_snow_summary.html), we established eight 10 x 10-m plots located within four stands; two dominated (80%) by sugar maple and two dominated by yellow birch, with one snow reduction (freeze) and one reference plot in each stand. In 2001, we established eight new 10-m x 10-m plots (4 treatment, 4 reference) in four new sites; two high elevation, north facing and two low elevation, south facing maple-beech-birch stands. To establish plots for the “freeze” study, we cleared minor amounts of understory vegetation from all (both freeze and reference) plots (to facilitate shoveling). We then installed soil solution samplers (zero tension lysimeters), thermistors for soil temperature monitoring, water content (time domain) reflectometers (for measuring soil moisture), soil atmosphere sampling probes, minirhizotron access tubes, and trace gas flux measurement chambers (described below). All plots were equipped with dataloggers to allow for continuous monitoring of soil moisture and temperature. Treatments (keep plots snow free by shoveling through the end of January) were applied in the winters of 1997/98, 1998/99, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004. Measurements of soil nitrate (NO3 -) and ammonium (NH4 +) concentrations, microbial biomass carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, microbial respiration, potential nitrification and N mineralization rates, pH, and denitrification potential were measured on these plots at multiple time points during these studies. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES) using funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation. The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
CSM09 Small mammal host-parasite sampling data associated with the Consume herbivore exclusion plots across two burned and native-grazed watersheds at Konza Prairie
Data set contains summaries of the number of individuals of each species of small mammal captured (relative abundance) on each trapping grid. Each record contains date, treatment, grid, trap station, species, specimen number, recapture status, specimen disposition, external body measurements (where applicable), reproductive information, and miscellaneous associated comments. These sampling records are based on nightly captures during one 4-night trapping period in fall (October concurrent with annual bison roundup activites) for each of 4 permanent trapping grids established on two fire/grazing treatments (two grids per treatment). These treatments are both grazed by native grazers (bison) and include one treatment burned annually (N1A) and one treatment burned every 4 years (N4B). In each treatment, sampling grids are arranged as 5 x 10 permanent stakes spaced 10m apart and labeled numerically between 1-50 for grid A and 51-100 for grid B. One grid per treatment (grid A) is sampled using capture-mark-release methods and the other grid in each treatment (grid B) is sampled using specimen removal and subsequent whole body processing and curation.
PSC01 Exploring effects on stream ecosystem properties by two size classes of prairie stream cyprinids
Losses in freshwater fish diversity might produce a loss in important ecological services provided by fishes in particular habitats. An important gap in our understanding of ecosystem services by fishes is the influence of individuals from different size classes, which is predicted based on known ontogenetic shifts in habitat and diet. I used twenty experimental stream mesocosms located on Konza Prairie Biological Station (KPBS), KS, USA to assess the influence of fish size on ecosystem properties. Mesocosms included two macrohabitats: one riffle upstream from one pool filled with consistent pebble and gravel substrate. There were four experimental and one control treatment, each replicated four times (N = 20). I used two size classes of Central Stonerollers (Campostoma anomalum) and Southern Redbelly Dace (Chrosomus erythrogaster). Five ecosystem properties were assessed: algal filament length (cm), benthic chlorophyll a (µg/cm2), benthic organic matter (g/m2), macroinvertebrate biomass (g/m2), and stream metabolism (g O2/m2/day1). Size structure of fish populations affected some, but not all, ecosystem properties and these effects were dependent upon species identity. Size structure of both species had effects on algal filament lengths where stonerollers of both size classes reduced algal filaments, but only small redbelly dace kept filaments short. A better understanding of the relationship between these prairie stream minnows and their small stream habitats could be useful to both predict changes in stream properties if species are lost or size structure shifts, and to redbelly dace populations, a Species In Need of Conservation.
PIE LTER measurements of the two tallest Phragmites australis stems per five meter interval along transects at the Argilla Rd. salt marsh restoration site (Ipswich, MA) and Rough Meadows reference marsh (Rowley, MA – Stackyard Road area).
The file contains measurements of the two tallest Phragmites australis stems per five meter interval along transects at the Argilla Rd. salt marsh restoration site (Ipswich, MA) and Rough Meadows reference marsh (Rowley, MA – Stackyard Road area). The culvert feeding Argilla Marsh was enlarged in late November 1998, thus data from 1999 onward is considered as representing a hydrologically restored marsh. A long term study not directly part of the PIE LTER, but a companion study related to tidal restrictions and hydrological alterations of salt marshes in the Plum Island ecosystem.
Hydraulic Constraints on Two Life History Stages of Larrea tridentata in a Chihuahuan Desert Creosote Shrubland at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (2002-2003)
Maintaining high rates of water loss during times of high resource availability could allow establishing woody desert perennials to grow quickly by allowing them to take advantage of the fleeting but abundant monsoonal moisture typical of warm deserts like the Chihuahuan. However, a plant cannot endlessly increase water loss in order to grow faster --there are hydraulic constraints on rates of water loss. The hydraulic properties of each particular plant xylem and soil microsite, as well as the AR:AL absorbing root area to transpiring leaf area ratio) interact to set limits on rates of water loss. If transpiration rates become too high, cavitation may limit the ability of the xylem to supply water to the leaves. The main objective of this study was to test two hypotheses on a population of Larrea tridentata at the Sevilleta LTER in central New Mexico (1) do small plants grow faster and use water less conservatively than large, and (2) are there differences in the hydraulic constraints on small and large plants. Measurements were made every six weeks in the spring, summer and fall from April 2002 - August 2003. Field measurements of shoot growth, gas exchange and plant and soil water potentials were made to determine growth rates and water use. Measurements of leaf specific conductance determined the ability of the xylem to supply water to the leaves. Excavation findings were used to estimate (AR:AL). Xylem vulnerability curves and soil texture analysis were used to determine the hydraulic properties of the plant xylem and soil. A model determined where the limiting conductance occurred in the plant-soil continuum.
Figure 2. Processa hawaiensis, male 2.7 in Notes on two species of Processa (Decapoda: Processidae) from the Mexican Pacific
Figure 2. Processa hawaiensis, male 2.7 mm (EMU-9585). (A) Left mandible; (B) Right mandible; (C) Left maxillule; (D) Left maxilla; (E) Left first maxilliped; (F) Left second maxilliped; (G) Left third maxilliped; (H) Dactyl and propodus, left third maxilliped; (I) Endopod of right first pleopod; (J) Right second pleopod. Scale bars: A, B, I, 0.25 mm; C-H, J, 0.5 mm.
Figure 1. Processa hawaiensis, male 2.7 in Notes on two species of Processa (Decapoda: Processidae) from the Mexican Pacific
Figure 1. Processa hawaiensis, male 2.7 mm (EMU-9585). (A) Lateral view; (B) Anterior region of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; (C) Rostrum, lateral view; (D) Abdominal somites 5-6, telson and right uropods, lateral view; (E) Detail of abdominal sternite 5, lateral view; (F) Sixth abdominal somite, telson and right uropods, dorsal view; (G) Magnification of the telson; (H) Details of stylocerites, removed, dorsal view; (I) Right antenna, dorsal view. Scale bars, 1 mm.
Figs. 1-7 in Two New Species Of The Genus Oedignatha Thorell (Araneae: Clubionidae) From Coastal Andhra Pradesh, India
Figs. 1-7. Oedignatha binoyii sp. novo 1. Dorsal view of female (legs omitted); 2. Epigyne; 3. Internal genitalia; 4. Right male palp - ventral view; 5. Right male palp - inner view; 6. Right male palp - outer view; 7. Right chelicera - ventral view
Figs. 1-2. 1 in Two new species of the genus Chloropepla (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae) from Brazil*)
Figs. 1-2. 1 – Chloropepla paveli sp. nov. (male holotype). 2 – C. stysi sp. nov. (male holotype). Scale bars = 2 mm.
Figs. 15-17. Female genitalia. 15 in Two new species of the genus Chloropepla (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae) from Brazil*)
Figs. 15-17. Female genitalia. 15 – Chloropepla paveli sp. nov., genital plates. 16-17 – C. stysi sp. nov., female genitalia. 16 – genital plates; 17 – gonocoxites and gonapophyses of ninth segment and ectodermal genital ducts. Scale bars = 1 mm (aac – anterior annular crest; cs – capsula seminalis; ch – chitinellipsen; g9 – gonapophyses 9; gc8 – gonocoxites 8; gc9 – gonocoxites 9; la8 – laterotergites 8; la9 – laterotergites 9; pac – posterior annular crest; pco – pars communis; pi – pars intermedialis; tvi – thickening of vaginal intima; X – segment X).
Figs. 7-14. Male external and internal genitalia. 7-10 in Two new species of the genus Chloropepla (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae) from Brazil*)
Figs. 7-14. Male external and internal genitalia. 7-10 – Chloropepla paveli sp. nov. 7 – right paramere, dorsal view; 8 – phallus, dorsal view; 9 – phallus, ventral view; 10 – phallus, lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. 11-14 – C. stysi sp. nov. 11 – right paramere, dorsal view; 12 – phallus, dorsal view; 13 – phallus, ventral view; 14 – phallus, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm (aa – articulatory apparatus; cj – conjuntiva; dsd – ductus seminis distalis; dsp – ductus seminis proximalis; pht – phallotheca; ppht I – processus phallothecae I; ppht II – processus phallothecae II; ve – vesica; vp – vesica collar process).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.