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Fig. 5 in Dictyoconella Henson, 1948, Upper Cretaceous Larger Benthic Foraminifera: A Taxonomic Revision With The Establishment Of Gusicella Gen. Nov. (Type-Species Dictyoconella Minima Henson)

Fig. 5 Dictyoconus bakhtiari Schlagintweit et al. from the late Maastrichtian of the Tarbur Formation, SW Iran (Naghan section). Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 4 in Dictyoconella Henson, 1948, Upper Cretaceous Larger Benthic Foraminifera: A Taxonomic Revision With The Establishment Of Gusicella Gen. Nov. (Type-Species Dictyoconella Minima Henson)

Fig. 4 Dictyoconella complanata Henson from the Maastrichtian of the Tarbur Formation of Iran (Naghan section, a-i, k) and the Simsima Formation of Qatar (j). a, d, oblique sections perpendicular to plane of compression. Note the inclination of the apical-juvenile part expressed by the parallel-sectioning of septum (s) and foramina (f) in d. b, oblique section passing through the initial part of a microspheric specimen. c, f, i-k, oblique sections in the plane of compression (j, paratype from Henson, 1948, pl. 10, fig. 14). Detail from i shows the fine subepidermal cellular network, marginal foramina and undivided marginal trough. e, g-h, oblique sections passing through the initial part of megalospheric specimens. Thin sections: 2Ng 81- 2 (a, d), Ng 76 (b), 2Ng 81-3 (c), Ng 85 (e), 2Ng 87-2 (f, i), 2Ng 80-1 (g), 2Ng 85-4 (h), 2Ng 81-1 (k). Abbreviations: b = beam, deu = deuteroconch, f = foramen m.f. = marginal foramen, m.t. = marginal trough, pi = pillar, pr = proloculus, T = Tarburina zagrosiana Schlagintweit et al. (in k).

Fig. 8 in Dictyoconella Henson, 1948, Upper Cretaceous Larger Benthic Foraminifera: A Taxonomic Revision With The Establishment Of Gusicella Gen. Nov. (Type-Species Dictyoconella Minima Henson)

Fig. 8 Gusicella minima (Henson) gen. et comb. nov. from the late Maastrichtian of the Tarbur Formation, SW Iran (Naghan section: a–b, j, l; Mandegan section: c–i, k, m–p). a Subaxial section. b, i, l Oblique sections. c–e, m Deep tangential sections displaying primary septules (beams) continuous (aligned) from one chamber to the next. f Shallow tangential section displaying subepidermal network of beams and rafters. g, j, l, o–p Different transverse sections, some slightly oblique. Note five marginal foramina arranged in a radial circle (inside yellow marked rectangle in o). Note oval test outline in j. Subaxial section. Note alternation of pillars by stairway-like arrangement of foramina (yellow line) and opaque fused pillars/secondary deposits in the central zone. k Detail from h showing marginal foramina arranged in vertical lines between successive chambers. n Tangential-oblique section. Abbreviations: b = beam, ib = intercalary beam, f = foramen, m.f. = marginal foramen, m.t. = marginal through, pi = pillar, s = septum. Thin sections: Ng 196 (a), Ng 192 (b), Rt 108-3 (c–e, g, n), Rt 104 (f), Rt 96 (h, k), Rt 108-6 (i), Ng 187 (j), Ng 186 (l), Rt 107 (m), Rt 102-2 (o), Rt 104 (p).

Fig. 7 in Dictyoconella Henson, 1948, Upper Cretaceous Larger Benthic Foraminifera: A Taxonomic Revision With The Establishment Of Gusicella Gen. Nov. (Type-Species Dictyoconella Minima Henson)

Fig. 7 Gusicella minima (Henson) gen. et comb. nov. from the late Maastrichtian of the Tarbur Formation, SW Iran (Mandegan section: b, l; Naghan section: a, c–k). a Oblique transverse section. b Oblique section cutting the marginal (upper part) and central zones (lower part) displaying irregularly distributed fused pillars/secondary deposits. c, k Subaxial sections. d–g, Axial sections showing initial spire. h–i Details (from e and g) of the initial spire. j Tangential section. Slightly oblique transverse sections showing subdivision of the marginal zone and circle of marginal apertures (left and above). Abbreviations: m.f. = marginal foramen, m.t. = marginal trough, pr = protoconch, s.d. = secondary deposits/fused pillars. Thin sections: 2Ng 17 (a, k), Rt 100 (b), Ng 180-1 (c), 2Ng 179-1 (d), 2Ng 168 (e, h), 2Ng 175 (f), 2Ng 174 (g, i), 2Ng 177 (j), Rt 113 (l).

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Fig. 1 in Siphopfenderina Gen. Nov. (Type-Species Arenobulimina Geyikensis Solak, 2022), A Primitive Pfenderinid Foraminifera From The Cretaceous Of Neotethys

Fig. 1 Comparison between Pseudopfenderina Hottinger (1-2), Siphopfenderina gen. nov. (3-5) (without scale), and Pseudochablaisia Schlagintweit, Septfontaine & Rashidi, 2019 (6-8). 1-2: from Hottinger (1967, pl. 19, figs. 9 and 16, Liassic of Morocco. 3: Aptian of Spain (see fig.1.9); 4: from Radoičić (1980, pl. 5, fig. 1, Upper Cretaceous,?Coniacian,?Santonian of Serbia). 5: Aptian of Iran (see fig. 1.7). 6-8: from Schlagintweit et al. (2029, fig. 7A, 7B, 6F = holotype, Upper Maastrichtian of Iran).

Fig 4 in Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum

Fig 4. Phylogenetic relationships among Asian black truffles based on MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1 sequences. The phylogram was obtained by maximum likelihood inference under the TN93 model. SH-aLRT values and Bayesian posterior probabilities are shown as ML/BPP. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g004

Fig 3 in Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum

Fig 3. Relative frequencies of asci with one to six ascospores per ascus for the studied taxa. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g003

Fig 2 in Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum

Fig 2. Ascospore spine height of four-spored asci (A) and width of spine bases (B), for the studied taxa. Different letters above boxes indicate significant differences between mean according to Tukey–Kramer honestly significant difference test (P <0.01). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g002

Fig 6 in Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum

Fig 6. Tuber longispinosum photographs (holotype, TFM: S17009). A. Dried ascomata (bar = 1 cm). B. Fruit bodies photographed in the field. C. Peridial warts, (bar = 3 mm). D. Asci and ascospores (bar = 30 μm). E. Ascospore (bar = 10 μm). F. Peridium in cross section (bar = 50 μm). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g006

Fig 1 in Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum

Fig 1. SEM images of ascospores for Asian black truffles, showing the details of ornamentation. A–C: Tuber longispinosum (A: K70, B: K209, C: K466), D–F: Tuber sp. 6 (D: K152, E: S4, F: S23), G–I: T. formosanum (G: HKAS48268 paratype, H: HKAS62628 holotype, I: HKAS79547), J–L: T. himalayense (J: HP1-3, K: MY5-1, L: SHD1-1- 1), M–O: T. indicum (M: YSH1-8, N: YR1-4, O: HD6-16). Bars = 10 μm. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g001

Fig 7 in Using mating-type loci to improve taxonomy of the Tuber indicum complex, and discovery of a new species, T. longispinosum

Fig 7. Tuber himalayense photographs (TFM: S17015). A. Ascomata (bar = 1 cm). B. Peridial warts, (bar = 3 mm). C. Asci and ascospores (bar = 30 μm). D. Peridium and glebal tissue in cross section (bar = 50 μm). E. Ascospore (bar = 10 μm). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193745.g007

Fig. 22. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 22. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, caudal skeleton in left lateral view. EPU = epurals; CRA = caudal-fin rays; DPR = dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays; HSP = haemal spine; HYP = hypurals; NSP = neural spine; PAP = parhypural; SNP = specialized neural process; URN = uroneural; URT = urostyle; VPR = ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 21. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 21. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, dorsal fin in left lateral view. DOR = dorsalfin rays; DRA = distal radial; MRA = medial radial; PRA = proximal radial. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 20. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 20. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 mm SL, female, pelvic girdle in (a) ventral view of right pelvic fin and (b) dorsal view of left pelvic fin, anterior to left. ISP = ischiatic process; PVB = pelvic bone; PVR = pelvic-fin rays. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 19. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 19. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, pectoral girdle in (a) medial view, anterior to right, and (b) lateral view, anterior to left. CLE = cleithrum; COR = coracoid; EXP = extrascapular; MCO = mesocoracoid; PC1 = postcleithrum 1; PC2 = postcleithrum 2; PC3 = postcleithrum 3; SCA = scapulum; SCL = supracleithrum; PRA = proximal radial; PTR = pectoral-fin rays; PTT = posttemporal. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig.17. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig.17. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, Weberian apparatus in left lateral view, anterior to left. CLT = claustrum; ITL = intercalarium; NAR = neural arch; NCO = neural complex of Weberian apparatus; NSP = neural spine of fourth and fifth vertebrae; PRB = pleural rib; SCP = scaphium; TP3 = transverse process of third vertebra; TRP = tripus; VCN = vertebral centrum. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 18. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 18. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 mm SL, female, posterior precaudal and anterior caudal vertebrae in left lateral view, (a) precaudal vertebrae and (b) caudal vertebrae.; EPN = epineural; EPP = epipleural; HPZ = haemal postzygapophysis; HSP = haemal spine; NPZ = neural postzygapophysis; NSP = neural spine; PRB = pleural rib; VCN = vertebral centrum. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 13. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 13. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 mm SL, female, antorbital and infraorbital series, left lateral view, anterior to left. AOR = antorbital; IO (1 to 6) = infraorbitals. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 14. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 14. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, suspensorium in left lateral view, anterior to left. APL = autopalatine; ECP = ectopterygoid; HYO= hyomandibula; IHY = interhyal; IOP = interopercle; OPE = opercle; POP = preopercle; QUA = quadrate; SOP = subopercle; SYM = symplectic; MSP = mesopterygoid; MTP = metapterygoid. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 12. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 30.7 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 12. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 30.7 mm SL, female, asteriscus otolith, (a) left, ventral view and (b) right, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.