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3,709 results for “urbanization.”
Dissolved organic matter characterization for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Boston, Massachusetts (USA) from 2021-2022
This dataset contains dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the greater Boston, Massachusetts metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (September 2021, November 2021, April 2022, and July 2022) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOM characteristics. Fluorescent optical properties were measured on filtered water samples to understand the chemical composition of DOM. Excitation-Emission Matrices (EEMs) were measured using a Horiba Aqualog spectrometer. DOM characteristics were quantified using both standard fluorescence and absorbance metrics as well as through parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Boston, Massachusetts (USA) from 2021-2022
This dataset contains dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the greater Boston, Massachusetts metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (September 2021, November 2021, April 2022, and July 2022) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentrations. Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Miami, Florida (USA) from 2021-2022
This dataset contains dissolved organic carbon concentrations from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream and canal locations in the greater Miami, Florida metropolitan area. Samples were collected five times across different seasons to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentration. These events include the wet seasons of 2021 and 2022, as well as the dry season of 2022, specifically: Summer 2021 (Wet; July 8 to July 27), Fall 2021 (Wet; September 27 to October 7), Winter 2022 (Dry; January 3 to January 13), Spring 2022 (Dry; April 7 to April 23), and Summer 2022 (Wet; June 1 to June 13). These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Dissolved organic matter characterization for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Miami, Florida (USA) from 2021-2022
This dataset contains dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream and canal locations in the greater Miami, Florida metropolitan area. Samples were collected five times across different seasons to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentration. These events include the wet seasons of 2021 and 2022, as well as the dry season of 2022, specifically: Summer 2021 (Wet; July 8 to July 27), Fall 2021 (Wet; September 27 to October 7), Winter 2022 (Dry; January 3 to January 13), Spring 2022 (Dry; April 7 to April 23), and Summer 2022 (Wet; June 1 to June 13). Fluorescent optical properties were measured on filtered water samples to understand the chemical composition of DOM. Excitation-Emission Matrices (EEMs) were measured using a Horiba Aqualog spectrometer. DOM characteristics were quantified using both standard fluorescence and absorbance metrics as well as through parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Field data for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Miami, Florida (USA), 2021-2022
This dataset contains field measurements taken during water sampling from 100 urban stream locations in the greater Miami, Florida metropolitan area. Field collection took place during five synoptic sampling events: Summer 2021 (Wet; July 8 to July 27), Fall 2021 (Wet; September 27 to October 7), Winter 2022 (Dry; January 3 to January 13), Spring 2022 (Dry; April 7 to April 23), and Summer 2022 (Wet; June 1 to June 13) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in stream conditions (specific conductivity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH). Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration and characteristics, available in a separate dataset. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Dissolved organic matter characterization for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Portland, Oregon (USA) from 2023-2024
This dataset contains dissolved organic matter characteristics from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the greater Portland, Oregon metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (July 2023, October 2023, January 2024, and May 2024) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentrations. Fluorescent optical properties were measured on filtered water samples to understand the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter. Excitation-Emission Matrices (EEMs) were measured using a Horiba Aqualog spectrometer. DOM characteristics were quantified using both standard fluorescence and absorbance metrics as well as through parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Portland, Oregon (USA) from 2023-2024
This dataset contains dissolved organic carbon concentrations from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the greater Portland, Oregon metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (July 2023, October 2023, January/February 2024, and May 2024) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentrations. Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset
Field data for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Portland, Oregon (USA), 2023-2024
This dataset contains field measurements taken during water sampling from 100 urban stream locations in the greater Portland, Oregon (USA) metropolitan area. Field collection took place during four synoptic sampling events (July 2023, October 2023, January/February 2024, and May 2024) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in stream conditions (specific conductivity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ORP). Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration and characteristics, available in a separate dataset. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Salt Lake City, Utah (USA) from 2022-2023
This dataset contains dissolved organic carbon concentrations from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the greater Salt Lake City, Utah metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (July 2022, October 2022, February 2023, and May 2023) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentrations. Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Field data for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Salt Lake City, Utah (USA), 2023-2024
This dataset contains field measurements taken during water sampling from 100 urban stream locations in the greater Salt Lake City, Utah (USA) metropolitan area. Field collection took place during four synoptic sampling events (July 2022, October 2022, February 2023, and May 2023) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in stream conditions (specific conductivity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ORP). Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration and characteristics, available in a separate dataset. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Dissolved organic matter characterization for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Salt Lake City, Utah (USA) from 2023-2024
This dataset contains dissolved organic matter (DOC) characteristics from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the greater Salt Lake City, Utah metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (July 2023, October 2023, January 2024, and May 2024) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentrations. Fluorescent optical properties were measured on filtered water samples to understand the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter. Excitation-Emission Matrices (EEMs) were measured using a Horiba Aqualog spectrometer. DOM characteristics were quantified using both standard fluorescence and absorbance metrics as well as through parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each data
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations for seasonal synoptic sampling of 93 urban streams in Atlanta, Georgia (USA) from 2021-2022
This dataset contains dissolved organic carbon concentrations from surface water samples collected at 93 first- to fifth-order streams in the Altamaha, Chattahoochee, and Flint Watersheds draining a gradient of urban land use in the greater Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (September 2021, December 2021, March 2022, and July 2022) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentrations. Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Dissolved organic matter characterization for seasonal synoptic sampling of 93 urban streams in Atlanta, Georgia (USA) from 2021-2022
This dataset contains dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics from surface water samples collected at 93 first- to fifth-order streams in the Altamaha, Chattahoochee, and Flint Watersheds draining a gradient of urban land use in the greater Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (September 2021, December 2021, March 2022, and July 2022) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOM characteristics. Fluorescent optical properties were measured on filtered water samples to understand the chemical composition of DOM. Excitation-Emission Matrices (EEMs) were measured using a Horiba Aqualog spectrometer. DOM characteristics were quantified using both standard fluorescence and absorbance metrics as well as through parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Field data for seasonal synoptic sampling of 93 urban streams in Atlanta, Georgia (USA), 2021-2022
This dataset contains field measurements taken during water sampling from 93 first- to fifth-order streams in the Altamaha, Chattahoochee, and Flint Watersheds draining a gradient of urban land use in the greater Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area. Field collection took place during four synoptic sampling events(September 2021, December 2021, March 2022, and July 2022) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in stream conditions (specific conductivity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ORP). Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration and characteristics, available in separate datasets. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Scale-dependent interactions between tree canopy cover and impervious surfaces reduce daytime urban heat during summer
As cities warm and the need for climate adaptation strategies increases, a more detailed understanding of the cooling effects of land-cover across a continuum of spatial scales will be necessary to guide management decisions. We asked how tree canopy cover and impervious surface cover interact to influence daytime and nighttime summer air temperature, and how effects vary with the spatial scale at which land-cover data are analyzed (10, 30, 60 and 90-m radii). A bicycle-mounted measurement system was used to sample air temperature every 5 m along 10 transects (about 7 km length, sampled 3-12 times each) spanning a range of impervious and tree canopy cover (0 to 100%, each) in a mid-sized city in the Upper Midwest, USA. Variability in daytime air temperature within the urban landscape averaged 3.5 degreeC (range 1.1 to 5.7 degreeC). Temperature decreased nonlinearly with increasing canopy cover, with the greatest cooling when canopy cover exceeded 40%. The magnitude of daytime cooling also increased with spatial scale, and was greatest at the size of a typical city block (60-90 m). Daytime air temperature increased linearly with increasing impervious cover, but the magnitude of warming was less than the cooling associated with increased canopy cover. Variation in nighttime air temperature averaged 2.1C (range 1.2 to 3.0 degreeC), and temperature increased with impervious surface. Effects of canopy were limited at night; thus, reduction of impervious surfaces remains critical for reducing nighttime urban heat. Results suggest strategies for managing urban land-cover patterns to enhance resilience of cities to climate warming.
Species, DBH, and height of overstory trees in a chronosequence of reforested urban sites, Lexington, KY, USA
Urban reforested areas located in Lexington, Kentucky were evaluated over the course of summer 2020. This dataset contains information on tree species, height, DBH, and snag class across twenty urban reforestation sites planted as part of the Reforest the Bluegrass program in Lexington, KY. At least three plots (and up to nine plots) were established in each site, with additional plots added if forested patches were sufficiently large. At each plot, we established a 0.008-ha (0.02-ac) circular sampling plot and recorded the species, diameter at breast-height (DBH), and total height of each tree ≥2.5 cm (1 in) DBH. DBH was measured to the nearest 0.25 cm (0.1 in) using a DBH tape, and tree height was measured to the nearest 0.1 m using a laser hypsometer (Nikon Forestry Pro II) or telescoping height pole. These data provide a critical baseline for understanding tree growth on reforested urban sites.
Chemical and physical characteristics of soil samples collected from a chronosequence of reforested urban sites in Lexington, KY USA.
This dataset contains information on soil physical and chemical characteristics across twenty urban reforestation sites planted as part of the Reforest the Bluegrass program in Lexington, Kentucky, USA. At least three plots (and up to nine plots) were established in each site, with additional plots added if forested patches were sufficiently large. Soil samples were collected from each plot in summer 2020. Samples were composited from five subsamples collected from plot center and approximately 1 m from plot center in the four cardinal directions. Subsamples were collected to a depth of approximately 10 cm using a sampling spade. Composite samples were air-dried and passed through a 2cm sieve, and then sent to the University of Kentucky Regulatory Services soils lab for analysis for pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, particle size distribution, total C, and total N.
Species and height of understory trees and shrubs in a chronosequence of reforested urban sites, Lexington, KY USA.
This dataset contains information on soil physical and chemical characteristics across twenty urban reforestation sites planted as part of the Reforest the Bluegrass program in Lexington, KY. Urban reforested areas located in Lexington, Kentucky were evaluated over the course of summer 2020. At least three plots (and up to nine plots) were established in each site, with additional plots added if forested patches were sufficiently large. At each plot, we established a 0.002-ha (0.005-ac) circular sampling plot to survey woody understory species, respectively. Height and species of all woody plants <2.5 cm DBH and ≥30 cm tall were tallied to the nearest 0.5 cm with a telescoping height pole. These data will contribute to understanding of understory stand dynamics in developing urban forests.
Urban heat island: temperature climate trends in central Arizona-Phoenix: period 1948 to 2007
The question was to what degree are summer minimum temperature climate trends in the latter half of the 20th and early part of the 21st century attributed to local urban development as opposed to global climate change? The approach was to select a range of towns/cities in CA, NV, and AZ for which a pairing of sites from a town/city and a site outside that town/city was possible. Climate records for the period 1948 to 2007 were accessed, and statistical time trends determined for the urban vs. rural locations for towns/cities over a considerable range of population (i.e., from 3.5K to 3.2M). The urban heat island effect increased with the natural log of the population, ranging from a total change in minimum monthly temperatures of ca. 1.5F to over 12F over the population range of 3.5K to 3.2M. These rates of change in the 1948-2007 period overwhelm any background global climate change, with the exception of the rural sites and smaller towns. This study for the first time identified the temperature trends of a range of towns and cities in the Sonoran and Mojave deserts to unravel the impact of urban warming from that of global warming in the contemporary global warming era sometimes called the Anthropocene era. Previous literature investigatin these sites were only up to 1984 or did not address the urban warming contribution. The impact depends on land cover and extent of population development over time.
Nitrogen cycling in accidental urban wetlands in the Salt River (central Arizona, USA): the effects of season, inundation and plants on denitrification (2013-2014)
This project sought to understand the spatial and temporal patterns and drivers of denitrification in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River in Phoenix, AZ. Accidental urban wetlands are the result from human activities but are not designed nor managed for any specific purpose; thus, they are useful for examining the effects of both human and non-human drivers of ecosystem processes. For this study, we examined how seasonal monsoon and winter floods affected denitrification in different plant patch types at wetlands with different inundation regimes. Inundation regimes of the study wetlands are driven by storm drains that supply urban baseflow to the wetlands; however, the timing and frequency of discharges differ among storm drains resulting in different durations of inundation. Some storm drains provide enough baseflow that wetlands remain inundated year-round (perennially inundated) while others provide very little baseflow, so inundation is largely in response to rain events (ephemerally inundated). Intermittently inundated wetlands receive enough baseflow to remain inundated for part of the year. At each study wetland, we identified 2-4 dominant plant patch types, including one unvegetated patch. We took 2-4 soil samples from each patch type at each site in each season (pre-monsoon, post-monsoon and winter rainy seasons). We measured denitrification potential, soil organic matter, soil moisture, soil nitrate, soil texture, and water depth. In addition to soil characteristics, we also collected data on plant traits for each patch type. Plant functional traits provide one method to examine mechanistic links between plants and ecosystem processes. Measured plant traits were above- and belowground biomass, above- and belowground C:N ratios, and rooting depth.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.