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691 results for “vegetation data”
Data accompanying "Summer drought weakens land surface cooling of tundra vegetation"
<p>This dataset contains the spatial and meteorological data underlying the statistical analysis in:</p> <p><em>Rietze et al. (in press) - Summer drought weakens land surface cooling by tundra vegetation</em></p> <p>All code to preprocess, analyze and visualize this data can be found under <a href="https://github.com/nrietze/ArcticDroughtPaper">https://github.com/nrietze/ArcticDroughtPaper</a>.</p> <p>This dataset contains three major components:</p> <ol> <li>The drone-derived mosaics of multispectral, RGB, and thermal imagery.</li> <li>The training polygons used for the land cover classification.</li> <li>Meteorological and micrometeorological observations used in the analysis and descriptions of flight conditions. Internal data from the drone flights.</li> </ol> <p><strong>Folder structure:</strong></p> <pre><code>└───data ├───landcover ├───mosaics ├───shapefiles └───tables ├───intermediate └───results</code></pre> <p>Clone the Github repository before downloading this data and insert the contents of this dataset into the empty "data" folder from the Github repo.</p> <p><strong>Cite as:</strong></p> <p>Rietze, Nils, Assmann, Jakob J., Damm, Alexander, Naegeli, Kathrin, Karsanaev, Sergey V., Maximov, Trofim C.,Plekhanova, Elena, Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela. <em>(in press</em>). Summer drought weakens land surface cooling of tundra vegetation.</p> <p><strong>Abstract (from manuscript):</strong></p> <p>Siberia experienced a prolonged heat wave in the spring of 2020, resulting in extreme summer drought and major wildfires in the North Eastern Siberian lowland tundra. In the Arctic tundra, plants play a key role in regulating the summer land surface energy budget by contributing to land surface cooling through evapotranspiration. Yet we know little about how drought conditions impact plant-mediated land surface cooling by tundra plant communities, and related positive feedback to the high air temperatures. Here we used high-resolution land surface temperature and vegetation maps based on drone imagery to determine the impact of the extreme summer drought in 2020 on land surface cooling in the lowland tundra of North-Eastern Siberia. We found strong differences in land surface cooling among plant communities in the drought year 2020 and the reference year 2021. Further, we observed a decrease in the normalized land surface cooling between the two years using the water deficit index (WDI) across all plant communities during the drought year. This shift indicates an energy budget regime dominated by sensible heat fluxes, contributing to land surface warming. Overall, our findings suggest significant variation in land surface cooling among common Arctic plant communities in the North-Eastern Siberian lowland tundra and a pronounced effect of drought on all community types. Based on our results we suggest accounting for tundra plant communities if we want to accurately predict the impacts and consequences of droughts on land surface cooling and energy flux related processes such as permafrost thaw and wildfires.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgements (from manuscript):</strong></p> <p>N.R. was supported through the TRISHNA Science and Electronics Contribution (T-SEC), an ESA PRODEX project (contract no. 4000133711). Drone data acquisition was supported by the University Research Priority Program on Global Change and Biodiversity of the University of Zurich and by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant no. 178753). We would like to thank Geert Hensgens of VU Amsterdam for sharing the flux tower data at the research site with us.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Supplementary digital data for "Widespread contamination of soils and vegetation with Current Use Pesticide residues along altitudinal gradients in a European Alpine valley"
<p>Supplementary digital data for the publication:</p> <p>Widespread contamination of soils and vegetation with Current Use Pesticide residues along altitudinal gradients in a European Alpine valley</p> <p>Data that was no publicly available but is used for Figure 1 - 3 in the manuscript is provided in this repository in addition to the raw data describing the occurrence in plant and soil matrices throughout the Vinschgau valley along the altitudinal transects.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Abiotic legacies mediate plant-soil feedback during early vegetation succession on rare earth element mine tailings
<p>An increasing number of studies have shown how feedback interactions between plants and soil can influence primary and secondary succession. However, very little is known about the patterns and mechanisms of such plant-soil feedbacks on stressed mine tailings ecosystem, which can be severely contaminated by a range of toxic elements. </p> <p>In a two-phase plant-soil feedback experiment based on the rare earth element (REE) mine tailing soil, we investigated biotic (changes in bacterial and fungal community) and abiotic legacies (changes in chemical properties) of three pioneer grass species, and examined feedback effects of three grasses, two legumes and two woody plants with different root traits.</p> <p>Positive plant-soil feedback was found in Miscanthus sinensis, Paspalum thunbergii and Tephrosia candida, and neutral feedback was observed in other four plants. These effects corresponded with an increase of nutrients and total organic carbon, as well as a decrease of acidity and extractable aluminum and REEs. There were less signs of biotic changes in the conditioned tailings. </p> <p>The correlation analysis suggested a relationship between responses to soil legacies and root traits, as well as root economics spectrum. On the mine tailings, acquisitive species with higher specific root length appeared to have greater potential for positive feedback. </p> <p>Synthesis and application: Our study shows that early succession on contaminated REE mine tailings may lead to more positive plant-soil feedback than predicted based on results of non-contaminated soils, mainly due to the alleviation of abiotic stress in tailings. Therefore, the improvement of specific abiotic soil stress and the trait-based selection of acquisitive plants should be preferentially considered to promote the primary restoration of degraded land.</p>
Soil profile pits, carbon and vegetation data of an old Anogeissus grove in Mole National Park, Ghana
<p>Formation of forest islands in West Africa has been linked to anthropogenic soil improvement resulting in luxuriant tree growth in otherwise open savanna landscapes. However, there is limited understanding of how such unique ecosystems modulate soil carbon (C) dynamics and nutrient cycling. In this study, we report soil nutrient characteristics and two distinct soil organic carbon pools of Anogeissus grove (forest island) associated with abandoned village sites of the Mole National Park in the Guinea savanna or tropical continental climatic zone of Ghana, taking opportunity of a previously published study in Biotropica in 1978. We compared present-day differences in soil characteristics between the previously studied forest grove and adjoining open savanna in the Park and evaluated vegetation dynamics since first measurement in 1974. Overall, we see changes related to self-thinning and expansion of the grove on a decadal timescale. Soil organic matter and available phosphorus contents were greater in the grove and increased by 19.6 and 18.7%, respectively over time, showing persistence after four decades. Mineral associated organic carbon (MAOC) differed significantly (p<0.05) between the vegetation types, being 3.44% in the grove and 2.34% in the savanna. The grove was ca. 25% greater in particulate organic carbon (POC) content than the savanna. In both vegetation types, >55% of carbon was stabilized in the mineral fraction. Our study demonstrates long-term human impacts on soil and vegetation and offers a clear nature-based solution for climate change mitigation through sustainable land management by indigenous people towards achievement of the '4p1000' initiative.</p>
Pollen data: Influences of sea level changes and volcanic eruptions on Holocene vegetation in Tonga
<p><strong>Aim</strong>:</p> <p>To investigate mid- to late-Holocene vegetation changes on low-lying coastal areas in Tonga and how changing sea level and recurrent volcanic eruptions have influenced vegetation dynamics on four islands of the Tongan Archipelago (South Pacific).</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong></p> <p>To investigate past vegetation and environmental change at Ngofe Marsh ('Uta Vava'u) we examined palynomorphs (pollen and spores), charcoal (fire), and sediment characteristics (volcanic activity) from a 6.7-m long sediment core. Radiocarbon dating indicated the sediments were deposited over the last 7700 years. We integrated the Ngofe Marsh data with similar previously published data from Avai'o'vuna Swamp on Pangaimotu Island, Lotofoa Swamp on Foa Island, and Finemui Swamp on Ha'afeva Island. Plant taxa were categorised as littoral, mangrove, rainforest, successional/ disturbance, and wetland groups and linear models were used to examine relationships between vegetation, relative sea-level change, and volcanic eruptions (tephra).</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>:</p> <p>Relative sea-level change has impacted vegetation on three of the four islands investigated. Volcanic eruptions were not identified as a driver of vegetation change. Rainforest decline does not appear to be driven by sea-level changes or volcanic eruptions. From all sites analysed, vegetation at Finemui Swamp was most sensitive to changes in relative sea level.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong></p> <p>While vegetation on low-lying Pacific islands is sensitive to changing sea levels, island characteristics, such as size and elevation, are also likely to be important factors that mediate specific island responses to drivers of change.</p>
Data from: Spatiotemporal dynamics of Nektonic biodiversity and vegetation shifts during the Smithian–Spathian Transition: Conodont and Palynomorph insights from Svalbard
<p>The dataset includes an Excel file with sporomorph counting of samples from the Stensiöfjellet section, Svalbard. Furthermore, it includes additional taxonomic notes on conodonts from the Stensiöfjellet section, Svalbard.</p>
Data on soil variables (with plot IDs) and grassland species traits used for the analysis of grassland vegetation data by Pillar, V.D. (2024) Trait divergence in plant community assembly is generated by environmental factor interactions. Journal of Vegetation Science, 35, e13259. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13259
<p>File <a href="../api/records/10983049/draft/files/Plot_IDs_990ua.txt/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Plot_IDs_990ua.txt</a> contains the IDs of the 1-m2 plots used for the analysis of grassland vegetation data by Pillar, V.D. (2024) Trait divergence in plant community assembly is generated by environmental factor interactions. The plot data are stored in the sPlot database (PPBio South Brazilian Grassland Database).</p> <p>File <a href="../api/records/10983049/draft/files/E_990ua_21SoilVar.txt/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">E_990ua_21SoilVar.txt</a> contains data on soil variables evaluated in the 250 m transects, but here expanded to the 990 1-m2 plots (each transect was sampled using 10 1-m2 pots).</p> <p>File <a href="../api/records/10983049/draft/files/B_769spp_4t.txt/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">B_769spp_4t.txt</a> is the species trait database collected in the framework of several research projects in the Quantitative Ecology Lab (EcoQua) and Grassland Vegetation Studies Lab (LevCamp) of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Data gaps were filled by compiled from the TRY database and data imputation.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
The lag and cumulative response of vegetation WUE to water vapor pressure deficit on the Shiyang River Basin, northwest of China_data description
<p>Data description</p> <p>This document provides details about the data description in the manuscript. The variables are described below along with their collection methods and calculation processes:</p> <p>the lag effect: The zip file of“The lag effect” contains three files: "rET_lag_result_z", "rGPP_lag_result"_, and" rWUE_lag_result_z".</p> <p>rET_lag_result_z: "rET_lag_result_z" database is a dataset used to analyze the lag effect of water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on Evapotranspiration (ET)</p> <p>rGPP_lag_result_z: "rGPP_lag_result_z" database is a dataset used to analyze the lag effect of water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) </p> <p>rWUE_lag_result_z: "rWUE_lag_result_z" database is a dataset used to analyze the lag effect of water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on Water Use Efficiency (WUE)</p> <p> </p> <p><br>the Cumulative effect: The zip file of“The Cumulative effect” contains three files: "rET_acc_result_z", "rGPP_acc_result"_, and" rWUE_acc_result_z".</p> <p>rET_acc_result_z: "rET_acc_result_z" database is a dataset used to analyze the Cumulative effect of water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on Evapotranspiration (ET)</p> <p>rGPP_acc_result_z: "rGPP_acc_result_z" database is a dataset used to analyze the Cumulative effect of water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) </p> <p>rWUE_acc_result_z: "rWUE_acc_result_z" database is a dataset used to analyze the Cumulative effect of water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on Water Use Efficiency (WUE)</p> <p> </p> <p><br>the Slop_Partition: The zip file of“The Slop_Partition”contains three files: "Slop_ET_Partition", "Slop_GPP_Partition"_, and" Slop_WUE_Partition".</p> <p>Slop_ET_Partition: "Slop_ET_Partition" database is a dataset used to calculate the temporal and spatial dynamic change·trend of Evapotranspiration (ET)</p> <p>Slop_GPP_Partition: "Slop_GPP_Partition" database is a dataset used to calculate the temporal and spatial dynamic change·trend of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)</p> <p>Slop_WUE_Partition: " Slop_WUE_Partition" database is a dataset used to calculate the temporal and spatial dynamic change·trend of Water Use Efficiency (WUE)</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Vegetation survey data to understand drivers of plant rarity
<p>Determining the drivers of plant rarity is a major challenge in ecology. Analysing spatial associations between different plant species can provide an exploratory avenue for understanding the ecological drivers of plant rarity. Here, we examined the different types of spatial associations between rare and common plants to determine if they influence the occurrence patterns of rare species. We completed vegetation surveys at 86 sites in woodland, forest, and heath communities in south-east Australia. We also examined two different rarity measures to quantify how categorisation criteria affected our results. Rare species were more likely to have positive associations with both rare and common species across all three vegetation communities. However, common species had positive or negative associations with rare and other common species, depending on the vegetation community in which they occurred. Rare species were positively associated with species diversity in forest communities. In woodland communities, rare species were associated negatively with species diversity but positively associated with species evenness. Rare species with high habitat specificity were more clustered spatially than expected by chance. Efforts to understand the drivers of plant rarity should use rarity definitions that consider habitat specificity. Our findings suggest that examining spatial associations between plants can help understand the drivers of plant rarity.</p>
Data from: Invasive Impatiens glandulifera: a driver of changes in native vegetation?
<p class="western"><span>Biological invasions are one of the major threats to biodiversity worldwide and contribute to changing community patterns and ecosystem processes. However, it is often not obvious whether an invader is the "driver" causing ecosystem changes or a "passenger" which is facilitated by previous ecosystem changes. Causality of the impact can be demonstrated by experimental removal of the invader or introduction into a native community. <span>Using such an experimental approach, we tested whether the impact of the invasive plant </span><i>Impatiens glandulifera</i><span> on native vegetation is causal,</span><i> </i><span>and whether the impact is habitat-dependent. We conducted a field study comparing invaded and uninvaded plots with plots from which </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> was removed and plots where </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> was planted within two riparian habitats, alder forests and meadows. A negative impact of planting</span><i> I. glandulifera</i><span> and a concurrent positive effect of removal</span><i> </i><span>on the native vegetation indicated a causal effect of </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> on total native biomass and growth of </span><i>Urtica dioica</i><span>. Species </span><span>α</span><span>-diversity and composition were not affected by </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> manipulations. Thus,</span><i> I. glandulifera</i><span> had a causal but low effect on the native vegetation.</span><i> </i><span>The impact depended slightly on habitat as only the effect of </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> planting on total biomass was slightly stronger in alder forests than meadows. We suggest that </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> is a "back-seat driver" of changes, which is facilitated by previous ecosystem changes but is also a driver of further changes. Small restrictions of growth of the planted </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> and general association of </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> with disturbances indicate characteristics of a back-seat driver. For management of </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> populations this requires habitat restoration along with removal of the invader.</span></span></p>
Supporting data for: Post-fire early successional vegetation buffers surface microclimate and increases survival of planted conifer seedlings in the southwestern United States
<p>Climate change and fire-exclusion have increased the flammability of western US forests, leading to forest cover loss when wildfires occur under severe weather conditions. Increasingly large high-severity burn patches are a limitation to natural regeneration because of dispersal distance, increasing the chance that these areas are converted to non-forest. Post-fire planting can overcome dispersal limitations, yet warmer and drier post-fire conditions can still limit survival. Early successional vegetation can alter surface microclimate; however, it is unclear whether this is enough to increase planted seedling survival in southwestern US forests. Here we examined how two shrub species of different canopy density would affect survival rates of planted tree seedlings following a high-severity fire in northern New Mexico. We expected that shrubs with a higher density canopy (Gambel oak) would have a greater effect on buffering below-shrub climate than shrubs with a lower density canopy (New Mexico locust) and seedlings planted under Gambel oak would have higher survival rates. We found that seedlings planted under Gambel oak had survival rates approximately 10% to 35% greater than those planted under New Mexico locust. The higher light availability beneath New Mexico locust corresponded to higher temperatures, lower humidity, and higher VPD, which impacted the mortality of planted tree seedlings. These results suggest that by waiting for post-fire shrub establishment, shrubs can be leveraged to buffer microclimate and increase post-fire planting success in the southwestern US.</p>
Data for: The interplay of environmental cues and wood density in the vegetative and reproductive phenology of seasonally dry tropical forest trees
<p>The great phenological diversification characteristic of seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) suggests that these patterns result from a complex interplay between exogenous (e.g., climatic) and endogenous (e.g., morphological, physiological, anatomical) factors. Based on the well-established relationships of wood density with water-storing capacity and cavitation vulnerability in woody plants, we hypothesized differential vegetative and reproductive phenological responses to environmental cues for hardwood and softwood species. To test this hypothesis, we compared phenological patterns of pairs of conspecific populations of 10 species differing in wood density, occurring in two localities with slightly different climatic regimes, and evaluated the influence of three environmental variables (rainfall, photoperiod, temperature) on them. Our results, based on the assessment of the overlap of the phenological curves of conspecific populations occurring in different sites and on linear modeling, showed different effects of the environmental factors on phenophase attributes, depending on wood density of the study species, thus supporting our hypothesis. Leaf out in softwood species took place in the dry season, they shed the foliage at the first signs of drought, and once leafless, they flowered and fruited shortly after. By contrast, hardwood species bore leaves and flowers in the rainy season, shed their leaves several months after the rain ceased, and produced fruits during the dry season. We conclude that the role of environmental variables in cueing growth and reproduction cycles in SDTF tree species is interrelated with their wood density, a key endogenous factor crucially linked to plant hydraulics in these water-limited ecosystems.</p>
Data from: Controlling trapping, overgrazing and invasive vegetation is key to saving Java's last population of the Black-winged Myna
<p><span><span>The Black-winged Myna (<em>Acridotheres melanopterus</em>) is an Endangered passerine endemic to the islands of Java and Bali, Indonesia. </span><span>Illegal trapping to supply the cage-bird trade has led to its near-total extinction, with the global population estimated to number fewer than 100 individuals. The only known population of Black-winged Mynas on Java occurs at Baluran National Park (BNP). </span>These data were generated to meet the two primary aims of the linked paper: the first was to estimate the Black-winged Myna <em>(Acridotheres</em> <em>melanopterus</em>) population size and range at BNP; and the second was to use species distribution modelling to evaluate the potential suitability of areas currently unoccupied by Black-winged Mynas across BNP to identify priorities for management intervention. We carried out line-transect distance sampling following the standard distance analysis method to estimate the population size. A total of 56 detections of groups of Black-winged Mynas were recorded along line transects and are included in the dataset. These records are associated with the land cover type for that segment of the transect, the perpendicular distance of the record to the transect, and the survey effort associated with each transect. To produce the species distribution model, we used three predictor raster layers along with all Black-winged Myna presences recorded </span>(not freely available, see below) and a generated set of pseudo-absences. The dataset contains both the raw data used to create the land cover classification as well as the final raster. The raw data used to produce the habitat classification contains classified points (n = 426) from across BNP, which were used as a training and test data for a random forest land cover classification.</p>
R script with data for vegetation and macropod scat analysis
<p>Fire and herbivores alter vegetation structure and function. Future fire activity is predicted to increase, and quantifying changes in vegetation communities arising from post-fire herbivory is needed to better manage natural environments.</p> <p>We investigated the effects of post-fire herbivory on understory plant communities in a coastal eucalypt forest in south-eastern Australia. We quantified herbivore activity, understory plant diversity, and dominant plant morphology following a wildfire in 2017 using two sizes of exclosures. Statistical analysis incorporated the effect of exclusion treatments, time since fire (TSF), and the effect of a previous prescribed burn.</p> <p>Exclusion treatments altered herbivore activity, but TSF did not. Herbivory reduced plant species richness, diversity and evenness and promoted the dominance of the most abundant plants within the understory. Increasing TSF reduced community diversity and evenness and influenced morphological changes to the dominant understory plant species, increasing size and dead material while decreasing abundance. We found the legacy effects of a previous prescribed burn had no effect on herbivores or vegetation within our study.</p> <p>Foraging by large herbivores resulted in a depauperate vegetation community. As post-fire herbivory can alter vegetation communities, we postulate that management burning practices may exacerbate herbivore impacts.</p> <p>Future fire management strategies to minimise herbivore-mediated alterations to understory vegetation could include aggregating management burns into larger fire sizes or linking fire management with herbivore management. Restricting herbivore access following fire (planned or otherwise) can encourage a more diverse and species-rich understory plant community. Future research should aim to determine how vegetation change from post-fire herbivory contributes to future fire risk.</p>
Data on bird communities and vegetation in relation to altitude and habitat alteration in the Kalakad - Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India
<p>The dataset contains data on bird communities and habitat collected between 1997 and 1999 from Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India, related to the following two publications:</p> <ol> <li>Raman, T. R. S., Joshi, N. V. & Sukumar, R. 2005. Tropical rainforest bird community structure in relation to altitude, tree species composition, and null models in the Western Ghats, India. <em>Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society</em> 102: 145-157. <a href="https://archive.org/details/journalofbomb10222005bomb/page/145/mode/2up">https://archive.org/details/journalofbomb10222005bomb/page/145/mode/2up</a> </li> <li>Raman, T. R. S. & Sukumar, R. 2002. Responses of tropical rainforest birds to abandoned plantations, edges, and logged forest in the Western Ghats, India. Animal Conservation 5: 201-216. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1367943002002251">http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1367943002002251 </a> </li> </ol> <p>GEOGRAPHICAL AREA: Kalakad-Mundathurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), 895 km² sanctuary located between 8°25′ to 8°53′ N and 77°10′ to 77°35′ E in Tamil Nadu state in the Western Ghats mountain range of India.</p> <p>TAXONOMIC SCOPE: Birds, trees</p> <p><strong>Supplementary information</strong></p> <p>The Appendix of Raman and Sukumar (2002) is included in the dataset as an open document format word (ODT) file.</p> <p>Three Tables from Raman et al. (2005) are included in the dataset as an open document format worksheet (ODS) file.</p>
Data from: Influence of topographic features and vegetation on climate refugia in the boreal plains
<ol> <li>Climate-change refugia can be defined by the strength of influence of physiographic and biotic properties on local atmospheric conditions relative to regional averages. In flatter landscapes, thermal heterogeneity and decoupling may be limited. We sought to quantify the magnitude of climate decoupling produced by topographic variation and vegetation in North America's boreal-parkland-grassland transition zone.</li> <li>We deployed iButton data loggers at four hill and 12 river valley systems along a latitudinal gradient in Alberta, Canada (N = 240) between 2014 and 2018. We modelled monthly temperature metrics by season as a function of topography and percent vegetation cover using general linear mixed effect models.</li> <li>Summer T<sub>max</sub> varied ~6 <sup>o</sup>C across the entire elevation gradient sampled, and ~3.5 <sup>o</sup>C within the range of topographic conditions sampled, after accounting for latitude. We found that canopy cover type had a negative effect on most temperature metrics, with coniferous forests having the strongest effect on T<sub>min </sub>and T<sub>ave</sub>. Spatial predictions derived from models based on iButton sensors resulted in similar regional patterns compared to a gridded climate product (ClimateNA), but the difference between them increased with potential solar radiation, vegetation cover and terrain roughness.</li> <li>We observed that local T<sub>max</sub> on steep, north-facing slopes with relatively low levels of potential solar radiation were 0.5 – 1.5 <sup>o</sup>C cooler than the surrounding landscape on average, while terrain roughness may further contribute to 0.5 – 0.7 <sup>o</sup>C. When combined, these local landscape characteristics may compensate for expected warming by the end of the century. Topographic and vegetation characteristics that are related to colder local climates should be considered in the evaluation of future climate-change impacts and to identify potential refugia from climate-change.</li> </ol>
Data from: The hydrochorous dispersal of plant propagules in a giant river reservoir: implications for restoration of riparian vegetation
<p><span>The riparian vegetation of many rivers around the world is impacted by flow regulation for hydropower. Water levels behind dams are being raised to generate electric energy, forming river reservoirs. River regulation has a large impact on the riparian vegetation which influences both the adjacent aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, restoration of degraded riparian vegetation in river reservoirs has been of increasing research interest.</span></p> <p><span>Propagules dispersed from connected tributaries via water (hydrochory) are considered a vital source for the recovery of riparian vegetation in regulated rivers. However, the hydrochorous dispersal of plant propagules in river reservoirs is unclear. We explored the dispersal distance and deposition patterns of hydrochorous propagule mimics in three tributaries that are regulated by the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in China.</span></p> <p><span>In eight out of nine release experiments, 95% of propagule mimics were found within 3 km downstream from the release points. Cumulative wind speed was the most important factor affecting the dispersal distance of propagule mimics in the TGR. However, the dispersal distance of propagule mimics was not significantly affected by water-level variation and channel sinuosity. Variations in water level strongly affected the deposition pattern of propagule mimics, with only 6.6% of the propagule mimics stranding on the riparian zones under raised water level and 83.8% stranding under declined water levels. The majority of stranded propagule mimics were deposited at gentle slopes (0‒20°).</span></p> <p><span>Synthesis and applications. Our results suggest that the majority of propagules that enter river reservoirs via water would be retained within the first few kilometers. Wind and water level variation are the main factors determining the dispersal distance and deposition pattern of propagules. Our findings have applications for riparian vegetation restoration in river reservoirs. The vegetation in steep riparian zones distant from free-flowing tributaries should be the priority for restoration actions because these areas receive limited hydrochorous propagules. The plant biodiversity and hydrological connectivity of connected tributaries, which is an important propagule sources for riparian vegetation along river reservoirs, should be protected. The seasonal dominant wind pattern should be considered when evaluating the importance of tributaries as the source of hydrochorous propagules for river reservoirs.</span></p>
Data from: Fallow deer foraging alone does not preserve the vegetation of traditionally sheep-grazed calcareous grasslands
<p>The goal of this study was to evaluate to what extent wild ungulates (fallow deer) can contribute to the maintenance of semi-natural calcareous grasslands, which are a threatened habitat type (natura 2000 code *6210). In a ten-year exclosure experiment we tested the effects of ungulate foraging using three treatments: (A) control with combined foraging of herded sheep and wild fallow deer, (B) sheep exclosure with only deer foraging and (C) total exclosure with no foraging. Treatments not grazed by sheep (B, C) were characterized by significantly declining species numbers, litter accumulation and shrub encroachment. Despite high population densities, the effect of fallow deer alone (B) was weak: Succession of woody species was only partly inhibited, while annuals, short-growing and rosette-building plant species were strongly suppressed by litter accumulation. Only the combination of sheep and fallow deer foraging preserved vegetation structure and species richness and led to a promotion of target species. Synthesis and applications: We conclude that we need to continue the traditional land-use forms such as sheep grazing in order to maintain calcareous grasslands. However, we should also raise our awareness for wild animals and analyse more in depth their potential contribution to the conservation management of open habitats.</p>
Umbrella review data of colour-associated bioactive pigments found in fruit and vegetables, compared to placebo or low intakes, on human health outcomes relevant to public health
<p>This dataset comprises data extracted from 86 publications included in an umbrella review which compared the effect of colour-associated bioactive pigments found in fruit and vegetables (carotenoids, flavonoids, betalains and chlorophyll) on human health outcomes relevant to public health. Meta-analysed data from 83 systematic literature reviews were available for 17 different bioactive pigments spanning all colours of fruit and vegetables except green, with additional data from two randomised controlled trials and one cohort study for chlorophyll. This dataset represents 2,847 original research studies and data from over 37 million participants. There were 449 meta-analysed health outcomes extracted from the 83 systematic literature reviews. Extracted health outcomes were categorised according to pigment, comparator type, broad health outcome, study design, age group, source of pigment, risk of bias, and confidence in the estimated effect. Data extracted were dose, intervention duration, sample size, number of original studies, effect estimate, 95% confidence intervals, I2 statistics, publication bias and p-value. Rigorous analysis, including estimations of a common effect size, stratification of the evidence, study level sensitivity analyses and reporting on heterogeneity and potential biases, may be carried out using these data, to further evaluate the effect of colour-associated bioactive pigments in fruit and vegetables on human health.</p>
Data for NHESS manuscript by Biass et al. (2022): Insights into the vulnerability of vegetation to tephra fallouts from interpretable machine learning and big Earth observation data
<p>This repository contains the data produced in the context of the following paper:</p> <blockquote> <p>Biass S, Jenkins SF, Aberhard WH, Delmelle P, Wilson T (2022): Insights into the vulnerability of vegetation to tephra fallouts from interpretable machine learning and big Earth observation data, Accepted in NHESS</p> </blockquote> <p>Naming convention is: `run_date`_`landcover`_`impact_metrics`_`VI`_`anomaly`_test.pkl, where:</p> <ul> <li>Landcover is either crops, shrubs, herbaceous vegetation (grass), forests (trees) or all together</li> <li>Impact metrics is either minV (impact magnitude) or minT (impact duration)</li> <li>VI is the vegetation index (here, EVI)</li> <li>Anomaly is the impact indicator (here, cumulative difference index)</li> </ul> <p>Refer to the associated paper for more information on the methodology.</p> <p>Files are saved as .pkl and were generated by the <a href="https://explainerdashboard.readthedocs.io/en/latest/">explainerdashboard</a> library. They are the result of <a href="https://xgboost.readthedocs.io/en/stable/">XGBoost</a> runs that were optimised with <a href="https://optuna.org">Optuna</a> and analysed with the <a href="https://shap.readthedocs.io/en/latest/">SHAP</a> library. They contain:</p> <ol> <li>The explanatory variables and observed and computed target variables for all features</li> <li>The SHAP values</li> </ol> <p>To load the files, use <a href="https://explainerdashboard.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cli.html?highlight=load#explainerdashboard.explainers.BaseExplainer.from_file">this method</a>.</p> <p> </p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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