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2,644 results for “Jumping spider”
Data for: Regularly occurring bouts of retinal movements suggest an REM sleep–like state in jumping spiders
<p>Sleep and sleep-like states are present across the animal kingdom, with recent studies convincingly demonstrating sleep-like states in arthropods, nematodes, and even cnidarians. However, the existence of different sleep phases across taxa is as yet unclear. In particular, the study of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is still largely centered on terrestrial vertebrates, particularly mammals and birds. The most salient indicator of REM sleep is the movement of eyes during this phase. Movable eyes, however, have evolved only in a limited number of lineages—an adaptation notably absent in insects and most terrestrial arthropods—restricting cross-species comparisons. Jumping spiders, however, possess movable retinal tubes to redirect gaze, and in newly emerged spiderlings, these movements can be directly observed through their temporarily translucent exoskeleton. Here, we report evidence for an REM sleep–like state in a terrestrial invertebrate: periodic bouts of retinal movements coupled with limb twitching and stereotyped leg curling behaviors during nocturnal resting in a jumping spider. Observed retinal movement bouts were consistent, including regular durations and intervals, with both increasing over the course of the night. That these characteristic REM sleep–like behaviors exist in a highly visual, long-diverged lineage further challenges our understanding of this sleep state. Comparisons across such long-diverged lineages likely hold important questions and answers about the visual brain as well as the origin, evolution, and function of REM sleep.</p>
Figure 9 in Phytophagy in jumping spiders: The vegetarian side of a group of insectivorous predators
Figure 9. Flower-dwelling thomisid spiders (Thomisidae) often hold packages of pollen
Figure 8 in Phytophagy in jumping spiders: The vegetarian side of a group of insectivorous predators
Figure 8. Salticid (female Plexippus
Figure 11 in Phytophagy in jumping spiders: The vegetarian side of a group of insectivorous predators
Figure 11. Nocturnal running spider Cheiracanthium sp. (Eutichuridae) drinking
Figures 4-5. Female S in Notes on the jumping spider Siler semiglaucus (Simon, 1901) in Thailand (Araneae: Salticidae: Heliophaninae)
Figures 4-5. Female S. semiglaucus watching with the first legs raised to a vertical position.
Figure 11 in Notes on the jumping spider Siler semiglaucus (Simon, 1901) in Thailand (Araneae: Salticidae: Heliophaninae)
Figure 11. Male (in foreground) and female S. semiglaucus mating
Figure 3 in Notes on the jumping spider Siler semiglaucus (Simon, 1901) in Thailand (Araneae: Salticidae: Heliophaninae)
Figure 3. Small black ants (~3 mm) that were followed by males.
Figures 1-2 in Notes on the jumping spider Siler semiglaucus (Simon, 1901) in Thailand (Araneae: Salticidae: Heliophaninae)
Figures 1-2. Male Siler semiglaucus on patrol.
Figure 7 in Learned avoidance of the Large Milkweed Bug (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae: Oncopeltus fasciatus) by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Dendryphantina: Phidippus)
Figure 7. Predation on an Oncopeltus fasciatus reared solely on sunflower
Figure 13 in First record of the jumping spider tribe Huriini Simon (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae) from Colombia
Figure 13. Known distribution of Hurius vulpinus Simon and Simonurius
Figure 51 in Three new jumping spiders of the genus Cosmophasis from Wallacea (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)
Figure 51. Adult female Cosmophasis waeri sp.nov. from Banda Besar.
Figure 48 in Three new jumping spiders of the genus Cosmophasis from Wallacea (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)
Figure 48. Adult female Cosmophasis valeriae from Bali.
Figure 47 in Three new jumping spiders of the genus Cosmophasis from Wallacea (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)
Figure 47 (continued from previous page). Adult male Cosmophasis valeriae from Bali.
Figure 47 in Three new jumping spiders of the genus Cosmophasis from Wallacea (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)
Figure 47 (continued on next page). Adult male Cosmophasis valeriae from Bali.
Figure 40. Immature male Cosmophasis thalassina from Bali. 1-5, Earlier instar. 6-9 in Three new jumping spiders of the genus Cosmophasis from Wallacea (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)
Figure 40. Immature male Cosmophasis thalassina from Bali. 1-5, Earlier instar. 6-9, Penultimate.
Figure 38 in Three new jumping spiders of the genus Cosmophasis from Wallacea (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)
Figure 38. Female Cosmophasis thalassina from Bali.
Figure 39. Immature Cosmophasis thalassina from Bali. 1-5, Earlier instar. 6-10 in Three new jumping spiders of the genus Cosmophasis from Wallacea (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)
Figure 39. Immature Cosmophasis thalassina from Bali. 1-5, Earlier instar. 6-10, Later instar.
Figure 36 in Three new jumping spiders of the genus Cosmophasis from Wallacea (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)
Figure 36. Male Cosmophasis thalassina from Bali. Photographs © Nicky Bay, used with permission.
Figure 37 in Three new jumping spiders of the genus Cosmophasis from Wallacea (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)
Figure 37 (continued from previous page). Male Cosmophasis thalassina from Bali.
Figure 32 in Three new jumping spiders of the genus Cosmophasis from Wallacea (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)
Figure 32. Adult female Cosmophasis squamata from Banda Neira.
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