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Fig. 17 in Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada

Fig. 17. Graph comparing the logarithms of the length of the dentary tooth row (X−axis) versus the minimum height of the dentary, which is close to the middle of the tooth row (Y−axis). Minimum height was used rather than maximum height because it is less susceptible to distortion during the fossilization process as this is normally the thickest part of the dentary. The Albertosaurus clade includes Albertosaurus and Gorgosaurus, whereas the Tyrannosaurus clade includes Daspletosaurus, Shanshanosaurus, Tarbosaurus, and Tyrannosaurus. The trendlines for both clades virtually coincide, showing that increased jaw depth is not characteristic of just Tyrannosaurus.

Fig. 8 in Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada

Fig. 8. Albertosaurus sarcophagus (TMP 81.10.1). Left postorbital in lateral (A) and medial (B) views.

Fig. 5 in Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada

Fig. 5. Comparison of maxillary tooth counts to size in tyrannosaurids. The X−axis is the length of the maxillary tooth row, and the Y−axis represents the number of maxillary teeth. Gorgosaurus (triangles) and Tarbosaurus (solid squares) show a slight tendency to increase the number of teeth with size, whereas Tyrannosaurus (diamonds) shows a slight tendency to decrease the number. Known specimens of Daspletosaurus show an even stronger tendency to increase maxillary tooth counts with increased size, but the genus is not included here because it is highly probable that the sample includes more than one species. None of these figures are significant enough to attribute any real meaning to them, but they falsify the hypothesis that there is a tendency for tooth reduction in tyrannosaurids (Carr 1999). Nanotyrannus (X) is well outside the range for known specimens of Tyrannosaurus.

Fig. 1 in Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada

Fig. 1. Reconstruction of an immature Gorgosaurus libratus, based TMP 91.36.500, a complete skeleton (5.1 m long) from the Dinosaur Park Formation (Campanian, Upper Cretaceous) of Alberta, Canada.

Fig. 10 in Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada

Fig. 10. Albertosaurus sarcophagus (TMP 81.10.1). Left quadrate in lateral (A) and medial (B) views.

Fig. 3 in Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada

Fig. 3. Tyrannosaurid maxillae demonstrating the positions and sizes of the maxillary fenestrae. Contours show right maxillae in lateral view. Lengths of maxillary tooth rows included in brackets where known. A. Gorgosaurus libratus, juvenile (302 mm), TMP 91.36.500. B. Gorgosaurus libratus, adult (460mm), NMC 2120. C. Albertosaurus, juvenile (335 mm), TMP 86.64.1. D. Mature (530mm) Daspletosaurus torosus, NMC 8506. E. Juvenile (180 mm), probably Tarbosaurus bataar, IVPP V4878. F. Young Tarbosaurus bataar, GIN 100/777. G. Adult Tarbosaurus bataar, GIN 100/65. H. Adult (600 mm) Tyrannosaurus rex, LACM 23844.

Fig. 16 in Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada

Fig. 16. Albertosaurus sarcophagus (TMP 81.10.1). Left prearticular in lateral (A) and medial (B) views.

Fig. 6 in Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada

Fig. 6. Albertosaurus sarcophagus (TMP 81.10.1). Left maxilla and jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views.

Fig. 2 in Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada

Fig. 2. Gorgosaurus libratus (TMP 91.36.500). Specimen drawing of skull in lateral (A), palatal (B), and dorsal (C) views.

Fig. 20 in Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada

Fig. 20. Daspletosaurus sp. (TMP 94.143.1). Frontals in dorsal (A), medial (B, left frontal only), and ventral (B) views.

opennotspecifiedDec 2017View details →

FIGURE 1 in Late Cretaceous species of Vologesia (Echinoidea, Cassiduloida) from northern Spain

FIGURE 1. Simplified map of the vicinity of the village of Langre, showing the origins of Vologesia toucasi (Lambert, 1911) (A) and Vologesia rollingstones sp. nov. (B).

opennotspecifiedApr 2014View details →

Figure 5 in Modern hydrophilid clades present and widespread in the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea: Hydrophilidae)

Figure 5. Well-preserved specimens of Hydroyixia gen. nov., Yixian Formation, China. Hydroyixia elongata sp. nov.: holotype CNU 2010005, piece and counterpiece (A, B); paratype CNU 2009075, whole specimen (C), detail of head and pronotum (D); detail of elytral apices (E). Hydroyixia latissima sp. nov.: holotype, CNU 2009074, whole specimen (F), detail of abdominal apex (G); posterior leg of paratype CNU 2010014 (H); paratype CNU 2009107 (I). Abbreviations: abem, apical emargination of abdominal ventrite 5; aes3, metanepisternum; apls, anapleural sutures; cl, clypeus; fcs, frontoclypeal suture; gs, gular suture; lb, labrum; men, mentum; msv, mesoventrite; mtv, metaventrite; mttr1, metatarsomere 1; pros, prosternum; sstr, sutural stria; trich, trichobothrium.

opennotspecifiedNov 2018View details →

FIGURES 5 in Re-description of Grammapsychops lebedevi Martynova, 1954 (Neuroptera: Psychopsidae) with notes on the Late Cretaceous psychopsoids

FIGURES 5. Larvae of Psychopsidae. A, presumed second-instar larva (probably exuvia) from Burmese amber (type A; Acanthopsychops triainus Badano et Engel in Badano et al., 2018); scale bar is 2 mm (courtesy of Arnold Staniczek, Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Germany); B, presumed mature larva from Burmese amber (type B), ca. 10 mm long including mandibles (courtesy of Sieghard Ellenberger, Burmese-amber.com); C, mature larva of the extant Australian Psychopsis sp., ca. 10–12 mm long (courtesy of Shaun L. Winterton).

FIGURE 10 in Osteology and systematics of Uberabatitan ribeiroi (Dinosauria; Sauropoda): a Late Cretaceous titanosaur from Minas Gerais, Brazil

FIGURE 10. Mid-anterior caudal vertebrae of Uberabatitan ribeiroi. A CPPLIP-1019 in 1, left lateral, 2, anterior, 3, ventral, 4, right lateral, 5, posterior and 6, ventral views; B CPPLIP-1017 in 1, left lateral, 2, anterior, 3, ventral, 4, right lateral, 5, posterior and 6, ventral views. Abbreviations: eprl: epipophyseal-prezygapophyseal lamina; poz: postzygapophysis; prz: prezygapophysis; spol: spinopostzygapophyseal lamina; sprf: spinoprezygapophyseal fossa; sprl: spinoprezygapophyseal lamina; tprl: intraprezygapophyseal lamina.

FIGURE 23 in Osteology and systematics of Uberabatitan ribeiroi (Dinosauria; Sauropoda): a Late Cretaceous titanosaur from Minas Gerais, Brazil

FIGURE 23. Crural elements of Uberabatitan ribeiroi. A CPPLIP-917 (redefined holotype) left tibia in 1, lateral, 2, medial, 3, proximal and 4, distal views; B CPPLIP-1107 (redefined holotype) left fibula in 1, lateral, 2, medial, 3, proximal and 4, distal views; C CPPLIP-1106 left fibula in 1, lateral, 2, medial and 3, distal views; D CPPLIP-917 and CPPLIP-1107 (redefined holotype) articulated left tibia and fibula in 1, posterior and 2, anterior views. Abbreviations: aa: astragalar articulation, cc: cnemial crest; fk: fibular knob; fvl: fovea ligamentosa; jc: joint capsule; M. fdl: M. flexor digitorum longus; M. il: insertion for the M. iliofibularis; lt: lateral trochanter; or: oblique ridge; prc: proximal crest, tp: tibial protuberance.

FIGURE 9 in Osteology and systematics of Uberabatitan ribeiroi (Dinosauria; Sauropoda): a Late Cretaceous titanosaur from Minas Gerais, Brazil

FIGURE 9. Anterior caudal vertebrae of Uberabatitan ribeiroi. CPPLIP-1079 as preserved (A-F) and with the condyle digitally restored to its original position (G) in A, left lateral, B, anterior, C, ventral, D,G, right lateral, E, posterior, F, ventral views Abbreviations: cpof: centropostzygapophyseal fossa; cprl: centroprezygapophyseal lamina; ex: excavation; prz: prezygapophysis; spol: spinopostzygapophyseal lamina; sprl: spinoprezygapophyseal lamina; spof: spinopostzygapophyseal fossa; tp: transverse process; vlr: ventrolateral ridge.

FIGURE 6 in Osteology and systematics of Uberabatitan ribeiroi (Dinosauria; Sauropoda): a Late Cretaceous titanosaur from Minas Gerais, Brazil

FIGURE 6. Posterior cervical vertebra of Uberabatitan ribeiroi. CPPLIP-1108 in A, left lateral, B, anterior, C, dorsal, D, right lateral, E, posterior and F, ventral views. Abbreviations: cdf: centrodiapophyseal fossa, cprl: centroprezygapophyseal, cpol: centropostzygapophyseal fossa, pcdl: posterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; pl: pleurocoel; poz: postzygapophysis, prz: prezygapophysis, sdf: spinodiapophyseal fossa; sprf: spinoprezygapophyseal fossa; tprl: intraprezygapophyseal lamina.

FIGURE 22 in Osteology and systematics of Uberabatitan ribeiroi (Dinosauria; Sauropoda): a Late Cretaceous titanosaur from Minas Gerais, Brazil

FIGURE 22. Femora of Uberabatitan ribeiroi. A CPPLIP-1238 left element in 1, oblique (anterior/lateral), 2, proximal, 3, oblique (posterior/medial) and 4, distal views; B CPPLIP-1189 left element in oblique (anterior/lateral) view; C CPPLIP-894 right element in 1, anterior and 2, posterior views; D CPPLIP-898 left element in anterior view. Abbreviations: fic: fibular condyle; ft: fourth trochanter; gtr: great trochanter; lmd: lateromedial depression; lic: linea intermuscularis cranialis; tic: tibial condyle; trf: trochanteric shelf.

FIGURE 21 in Osteology and systematics of Uberabatitan ribeiroi (Dinosauria; Sauropoda): a Late Cretaceous titanosaur from Minas Gerais, Brazil

FIGURE 21. Ischium of Uberabatitan ribeiroi. CPPLIP-1026 on A, medial, B, lateral views and C, interpretative drawn on medial view. Abbreviations: M. ft: insertion for the M. flexor tibialis; ip: ischial peduncle.

FIGURE 18 in Osteology and systematics of Uberabatitan ribeiroi (Dinosauria; Sauropoda): a Late Cretaceous titanosaur from Minas Gerais, Brazil

FIGURE 18. Radii of Uberabatitan ribeiroi. A, CPPLIP-1032 rigth radius in 1, anterior, 2, proximal 3, posterior and 4, distal views; B, CPPLIP-911 left radius in 1, anterior, 2, proximal, 3, posterior and 4, distal views. Abbreviations: ir: interosseous ridge; M. fcr: insertion for the M. flexor carpi radialis; ula: ulnar articular facet.