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FIGURE 6 in Two new species of treefrog (Pelodrydidae: Litoria) from southern New Guinea elucidated by DNA barcoding

FIGURE 6. Images in life of a) Litoria vivissimia sp. nov. SAMA R71127 and b) Litoria pronimia uncollected specimen, Tabubil, Western Province. Photographs by S. Richards.

FIGURE 2 in Two new species of treefrog (Pelodrydidae: Litoria) from southern New Guinea elucidated by DNA barcoding

FIGURE 2. Images in life of three species in the Litoria graminea complex occurring along the southern side of the New Guinean Central Cordillera; a–b) Litoria pterodactyla sp. nov. holotype SAMA R65030, Muller Range, Western Province, c) Litoria pallidofemora SAMA R71201 upper Fly River region, Western Province, and d) Litoria sauroni SAMA R60727 (holotype), Darai Plateau, Gulf Province. Note differences in eye and lateral colouration. All photographs by S. Richards.

FIGURE 9 in Two new species of treefrog (Pelodrydidae: Litoria) from southern New Guinea elucidated by DNA barcoding

FIGURE 9. Mid-montane forest habitat of Litoria vivissimia sp. nov. on Hides Ridge, 2250 m a.s.l., Hela Province, Papua New Guinea. Photograph by S. Richards.

FIGURE 4 in Two new species of treefrog (Pelodrydidae: Litoria) from southern New Guinea elucidated by DNA barcoding

FIGURE 4. Hill-forest habitat of Litoria pterodactyla sp. nov. at Gugusu Camp, 515 m a.s.l., Muller Range, Western Province, Papua New Guinea. Photograph by S. Richards.

FIGURE 1 in Morphology and DNA barcodes of two species of Bradysia Winnertz from China (Diptera, Sciaridae), with the description of Bradysia minorlobus Yang, Shi & Huang sp. n.

FIGURE 1. Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree of COI based on Kimura two-parameter (K2P) genetic distances. The scale bar indicates the branch length. The alignment was performed based on the K2P model, with substitutions of transitions and transversions. Each sequence is numbered by the Barcode Index Number (BIN BOLD) with voucher materials in Table 1.

FIGURE 3 in Morphology and DNA barcodes of two species of Bradysia Winnertz from China (Diptera, Sciaridae), with the description of Bradysia minorlobus Yang, Shi & Huang sp. n.

FIGURE 3. Bradysia minorlobus Yang, Shi & Huang sp. n., male, holotype. A. Left gonostylus, ventral view; B. Right half of hypopygium, ventral view; C. Palpus, lateral view; D. 4th flagellomere, lateral view; E. Apex of foretibia, prolateral view. Scale bars = 0.10 mm. Drawings: Kai Shi.

FIGURE 2 in Morphology and DNA barcodes of two species of Bradysia Winnertz from China (Diptera, Sciaridae), with the description of Bradysia minorlobus Yang, Shi & Huang sp. n.

FIGURE 2. Bradysia chenjinae Yang, Zhang & Yang, male [SM01799]. A. Left half of hypopygium, ventral view; B. Right gonostylus, ventral view. C. Wing, dorsal view. Scale bars (A-B) = 0.10 mm, scale bar (C) = 0.50 mm. Drawings: Kai Shi.

FIGURE 1 in DNA barcodes and morphology revealed three species masquerading in Xiphydria camelus of authors (Hymenoptera, Xiphydriidae) in Northeast Asia: X. eborata sp. rev. and X. albopicta sp. nov.

FIGURE 1. The maximum likelihood tree based on 558 bp of mitochondrial COI gene sequence (-ln likelihood = 1510.28). Numbers on branches indicate bootstrap values for MP, NJ and ML analyses (shown only for higher nodes with>50). Numbers of each terminal label represent the sample ID or GenBank accession number.

FIGURE 2 in DNA barcodes and morphology revealed three species masquerading in Xiphydria camelus of authors (Hymenoptera, Xiphydriidae) in Northeast Asia: X. eborata sp. rev. and X. albopicta sp. nov.

FIGURE 2. Xiphydria camelus (A, B), X. albopicta (C–E) and X. eborata (F–I), females.—A, Izumisawa, Hokkaido, Japan; B, Kangaslampi, Finland; C, D, holotype; E, Fuuren, Hokkaido, Japan; F, syntype of X. eborata; G, lectotype of X. kawakamii; H, lectotype of X. kuccharonis; I, Shintoku, Hokkaido, Japan.

FIGURE 24 in Validation of Heterocerus heydeni Kuwert, 1890 based on morphology and DNA barcoding, with notes on the problems of classification of the Heteroceridae (Coleoptera)

FIGURE 24. Distribution of Heterocerus heydeni. Circles—studied material: red circles—records only H. heydeni; orange circles—records H. heydeni and H. flexuosus; square—type locality (Dzhizak, Uzbekistan).

FIGURES 6–17 in Validation of Heterocerus heydeni Kuwert, 1890 based on morphology and DNA barcoding, with notes on the problems of classification of the Heteroceridae (Coleoptera)

FIGURES 6–17. Variability and sexual dimorphism of Heterocerus spp. 6–9—H. heydeni, males (South Kazakhstan); 10– 13—H. heydeni, females (South Kazakhstan); 14—H. heydeni, tubercles on clypeus of male, hairs removed; 15—H. heydeni, male abdomen; 16—H. heydeni, female abdomen; 17—H. flexuosus, female with extremely light elytra (Crimea). Scale bars = 1 mm (Figs. 6–13, 15–17) and 0.2 mm (Fig. 14).

FIGURES 2–5. Heterocerus spp. 2—male H in Validation of Heterocerus heydeni Kuwert, 1890 based on morphology and DNA barcoding, with notes on the problems of classification of the Heteroceridae (Coleoptera)

FIGURES 2–5. Heterocerus spp. 2—male H. heydeni from collection ZIN (photo by A. Kovalev); 3—labels of this specimen: handwriting by F.A. Zaitsev (ink), handwriting by R. Charpentier (pencil); 4—H. heydeni general view, male (South Kazakhstan); 5—H. flexuosus general view, male (South Kazakhstan). Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Validation of Heterocerus heydeni Kuwert, 1890 based on morphology and DNA barcoding, with notes on the problems of classification of the Heteroceridae (Coleoptera)

FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood tree of Heteroceridae samples. Colour of branches: blue—Heterocerus, orange—Tropicus, green—Augyles, black—undetermined Heteroceridae. New samples in red, number next to nodes—bootstrap support (only if> 0.50). Samples with retained generic and species names as in BOLD data systems database.

FIGURES 18–23 in Validation of Heterocerus heydeni Kuwert, 1890 based on morphology and DNA barcoding, with notes on the problems of classification of the Heteroceridae (Coleoptera)

FIGURES 18–23. Male genitalia of Heterocerus spp. 18—aedeagus H. heydeni, ventrally; 19—tegmen apex H. heydeni, dorsally; 20—tegmen sclerotization H. heydeni, dorsal; 21—aedeagus H. flexuosus, ventrally; 22—tegmen apex H. flexuosus, dorsally; 23—tegmen sclerotization H. flexuosus, dorsal. On Figs. 18 & 21 most of the sclerites and membranes connecting the lateral lobes of tegmen and penis base are omitted. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

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Figure 5 in Bringing the lab to the field: a new lowland Microparmarion semi-slug (Gastropoda: Ariophantidae) described and DNA-barcoded in the forest

Figure 5. Phylogenetic reconstruction for Bornean Microparmarion based on COI barcode locus, with Parmarion as outgroup. Numbers on nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities. Registration numbers in parentheses: RMNH, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; SP, Sabah Parks collection; FJ481180 is a GenBank accession number. Scale bar indicates substitutions per site.

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Figure 4 in Bringing the lab to the field: a new lowland Microparmarion semi-slug (Gastropoda: Ariophantidae) described and DNA-barcoded in the forest

Figure 4. Dart sac of Microparmarion exquadratus n. sp. (syntype SP13560), cleared with clove oil and showing dart (shaded) in position.

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Figure 2 in Bringing the lab to the field: a new lowland Microparmarion semi-slug (Gastropoda: Ariophantidae) described and DNA-barcoded in the forest

Figure 2. External morphology of (presumably) adult Microparmarion exquadratus n. sp. A preserved individual (syntype SP.13561) showing left lateral (A), right lateral (B), ventral (C) and dorsal (D) views. Six of the syntypes (E–J) in living state as photographed in the field in Tawau Hills Park, Sabah.

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FIGURE 13 in Exploring species diversity and host plant associations of leaf-mining micromoths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Russian Far East using DNA barcoding

FIGURE 13. Mines of Phyllonorycter spp. from the Russian Far East. (A–B) Ph. ringoniella, host plant Malus mandshurica; (C–D) Ph. sorbicola, Prunus padus and Prunus maackii respectively; (E) Ph. strigulatella, Alnus hirsuta; (F) Phyllonorycter sp. 1, Tilia mandshurica; (G–H) Phyllonorycter sp. 6, Acer pseudosieboldianum. Indications: (m) mine; (t) epidermal tunnel; (b) blotch. Close up: (B–C, F, H) mine. Sampling locations: (A–D, F–H) PK, Gornotaezhnoe, MTS and forest, 22–26.VII.2016; (E) SO, Sakhalin Isl., Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, 11–20.VII.2017.

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FIGURE 15 in Exploring species diversity and host plant associations of leaf-mining micromoths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Russian Far East using DNA barcoding

FIGURE 15. Similarity of gracillariid faunas of the Russian regions and Japan. Gracillariid species number is given in the corresponding bar, number of shared species is in the circles. The similarity Sørensen–Dice coefficient is given in red.