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FIGURE 1 in Molecular phylogeny and morphological revision of Myotis bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Taiwan and adjacent China
FIGURE 1. Geographic location of sampling localities in Taiwan. Areas above 1000 m are shaded. Numerals refer to sampling sites mentioned in Table 1.
FIGURE 5 in Molecular phylogeny and morphological revision of Myotis bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Taiwan and adjacent China
FIGURE 5. Skulls of (a) Myotis laniger from Fujian, China (ZMB 4146, lectotype; hind parts missing), and (b) M. laniger from Taiwan (THUMB 103). Scale= 5 mm.
FIGURE 6 in Molecular phylogeny and morphological revision of Myotis bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Taiwan and adjacent China
FIGURE 6. Skulls of (a) M. secundus sp. n. from Taiwan (THUMB 92, paratype), (b) Myotis sowerbyi from Fujian, China (USNM 238869, holotype), (c) M. pruinosus from Japan (NSMT 14842, holotype), and (d) M. yanbarensis from Japan (NSMT 31306, holotype). Scale= 5 mm.
Population dynamics of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) at summer roosts: apparent survival, fidelity, abundance, and the influence of winter conditions
<ol> <li>White-nose syndrome (WNS) has caused the death of millions of bats, but the impacts have been more difficult to identify in western North America. Understanding how WNS, or other threats, impact western bats may require monitoring other roosts, such as maternity roosts and night roosts, where bats aggregate in large numbers.</li> <li>Little brown bats (<em>Myotis lucifugus</em>) are experiencing some of the greatest declines from WNS. Estimating survival and understanding population dynamics can provide valuable data for assessing population declines and informing conservation efforts.</li> <li>We conducted a 5-year mark-recapture study of two <em>M. lucifugus</em> roosts in Colorado. We used the robust design model to estimate apparent survival, fidelity, and abundance to understand population dynamics, and environmental covariates to understand how summer and winter weather conditions impact adult female survival. We compared the fidelity and capture probability of <em>M. lucifugus</em> between colonies to understand how bats use such roosts.</li> <li>Overwinter survival increased with the number of days with temperatures below freezing (β > 0.100, SE = 0.003), and decreased with the number of days with snow cover (β < -0.40, SE < 0.13). Adult female fidelity was higher at one maternity roost than the other. Overwinter and oversummer adult female survival were high (>0.90), and based on survival estimates and fungal-swabbing results we believe these populations have yet to experience WNS.</li> <li>Recapture of <em>M. lucifugus</em> using antennas that continuously read passive integrated transponder tags allows rigorous estimation of bat population parameters that can elucidate trends in abundance and changes in survival. Monitoring populations at summer roosts can provide unique population ecology data that monitoring hibernacula alone may not. Because few adult males are captured at maternity colonies, and juvenile males have low fidelity, additional effort should focus on understanding male <em>M. lucifugus </em>population dynamics.</li> </ol>
Bats of Bangladesh — A systematic review of the diversity and distribution with recommendations for future research
<p>Bangladesh is a South Asian country located at the crossroads of the Indochina and Indo-Himalayan subregions, making it a country of rich faunal diversity. Bangladesh's high population density paired with rapid habitat alteration leaving only 6% of its natural habitats threatens its faunal diversity. Over 1,455 bat species live on earth, providing immense ecological services to maintain biodiversity. The paucity of bat research in Bangladesh and the lack of comprehensive work has led us to set the goal of checking how many species are present in Bangladesh, and the possibility of bat species yet to have occurred. Here we compiled species occurrence data on the bats of Bangladesh and states in neighboring countries (India – states are West Bengal, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Assam, Tripura, Mizoram; Myanmar – states are Chin, Rakhine) from the museums (American Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Natural History Museum at United Kingdom, Field Museum of Natural History, Hungarian Natural History Museum, and Royal Ontario Museum), Global Biodiversity Information Facility, and literature, and constructed distribution maps for each species. The maps depicted both the fine-scale and coarse-scale distribution of the species. We confirmed 31 species are occurring in Bangladesh – among them, 22 species are confirmed with the voucher specimen, 15 species are associated with the preserved tissues, and one is confirmed with the morphometric data and key characteristics. Based on the species occurrence in the states of India and Myanmar, along with the habitat preference, an additional 83 species are yet to have occurred in Bangladesh. Among them, 38 species are categorized as Highly Probable, 33 species are Probable, and 10 species are Possible. We recommend bat surveys are urgent in Bangladesh using all complementary capture techniques that will contribute to voucher specimen collections and confirm the presence of bats. In addition, echolocation calls of bats can help establish call libraries. </p>
Data for: Ear pinnae in a neotropical katydid (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) function as ultrasound guides for bat detection
<p>Early predator detection is a key component of the predator-prey arms race and has driven the evolution of multiple animal hearing systems. Katydids (Insecta) have sophisticated ears, each consisting of paired tympana on each foreleg that receive sound both externally, through the air, and internally via a narrowing ear canal running through the leg from an acoustic spiracle on the thorax. These ears are pressure-time difference receivers capable of sensitive and accurate directional hearing across a wide frequency range. Many katydid species have cuticular pinnae which form cavities around the outer tympanal surfaces, but their function is unknown. We investigated pinnal function in the katydid Copiphora gorgonensis by combining experimental biophysics and numerical modelling using 3D ear geometries. We found that the pinnae in C. gorgonensis do not assist in directional hearing for conspecific call frequencies, but instead act as ultrasound detectors. Pinnae induced large sound pressure gains (20–30 dB) that enhanced sound detection at high ultrasonic frequencies (>60 kHz), matching the echolocation range of co-occurring insectivorous gleaning bats. These findings were supported by behavioural and neural audiograms and pinnal cavity resonances from live specimens, and comparisons with the pinnal mechanics of sympatric katydid species, which together suggest that katydid pinnae primarily evolved for the enhanced detection of predatory bats.</p>
Figure 7 in Integrative taxonomic analysis of new collections from the central Angolan highlands resolves the taxonomy of African pipistrelloid bats on a continental scale
Figure 7. Lateral photograph of the alcohol-preserved head and anterior portion of the forearm and thumb of the holotype of N. hlandzeni, DM 8423 (left) and close-up photographs of the thumb and proximal forearm of the holotype, DM 8423 (centre) and paratype, DM 8422 (right) showing a distinct white marking at the base to the thumb. The thumb (encircled) is slightly longer than that of a typical pipistrelloid bat.
Figure 6 in Integrative taxonomic analysis of new collections from the central Angolan highlands resolves the taxonomy of African pipistrelloid bats on a continental scale
Figure 6. Dorsal, ventral, lateral cranial and lateral mandibular views of DM 8423 (holotype) and DM 8422 (paratype) of N. hlandzeni sp. nov. Scale bar represents 1 mm.
Figure 5 in Integrative taxonomic analysis of new collections from the central Angolan highlands resolves the taxonomy of African pipistrelloid bats on a continental scale
Figure 5. Photographs and drawings of bacula of N. hlandzeni sp. nov. from Eswatini (DM 8423, 8422), KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa (DM 2269, 8787, 5353, 5358), together with N. anchietae from Botswana (TM 48489), Angola (FWC 7521), and Zambia (NHM 70.2632; from Hill & Harrison, 1987). In the top row, D=dorsal, L=lateral and V=ventral view. Images in the lower row are of the ventral view, except for the far right image which is of the lateral view. Abbreviations of museums as follows: DM = Durban Natural Science Museum; TM = Ditsong National Museum of Natural History; NHM = The Natural History Museum, London. FWC indicates the field number of Fenton (Woody) Cotterill. The vertical scale bar on the bottom right indicates 1 mm.
Figure 4 in Integrative taxonomic analysis of new collections from the central Angolan highlands resolves the taxonomy of African pipistrelloid bats on a continental scale
Figure 4. PCA of 12 log-transformed cranial and dental length variables (a) and plots of forearm length and mass (b) and forearm and condylobasal skull length (c) in Angolan small vespertilionid bats with anterior premolar absent (open squares: N. zuluensis; dots: L. capensis). Species identification based on DNA barcoding of the cytb, CO1 and 12S genes.
Figure 3 in Integrative taxonomic analysis of new collections from the central Angolan highlands resolves the taxonomy of African pipistrelloid bats on a continental scale
Figure 3. PCA of components 1 and 2 (a) and components 1 and 3 (b) from 12 log-transformed cranial and dental variables in DNA barcoded Angolan small vespertilionid bats with anterior upper premolar present, in comparison with positively identified samples from South Africa and Eswatini. Species identification based on DNA barcoding of the cytb, CO1 and 12S genes for P. rusticus (open squares) and N. anchietae (dots) from Angola and on either sequences or baculum photographs for N. hlandzeni (open circles) from South Africa and Eswatini and P. hesperidus (crosses) from Eswatini and South Africa.
Figure 1. Maps showing A, 19 in Integrative taxonomic analysis of new collections from the central Angolan highlands resolves the taxonomy of African pipistrelloid bats on a continental scale
Figure 1. Maps showing A, 19 localities in southern Africa of all pipistrelloid bat specimens examined by this study (numbers correspond with locality numbers given in Supporting Information, Table S1; duplicate numbers represent closely spaced GPS points classified as the same locality) and B, seven localities of six species of pipistrelloid bats collected in central Angola by the National Geographic Okavango Wilderness project (in the area demarcated by the dashed lines) between 2016 and 2019. Species identifications based on CO1, 12S RNA and cytb genes. Shaded regions represent elevations of 1200 m a.s.l. and greater. The star represents the holotype locality of N. anchietae in the western Angolan highlands.
Data accompanying "Calibrated microphone array recordings reveal that a gleaning bat emits low-intensity echolocation calls even in open-space habitat"
<p>Introduction to the dataset: </p> <p>In this manuscript, we analyse recordings of brown long-eared bats in the wild collected with a 4-microphone array, which we use to measure the distance between the bat and the microphone.<br> The distance is then used to correct the recordings for distance-dependent frequency and amplitude attenuation.<br> To ensure that our measurements and corrections are correct, we fully calibrated the microphone array and analysis set-up. <br> The calibration includes a comparison between real distances and calculated distances between a loudspeaker and the microphone array as well as comparisons between the real amplitude and the calculated amplitude of the loudspeaker.<br> To obtain the original amplitude of the calibration recording, we calibrated the loudspeaker as well</p> <p>In this folder, we provide the original bat recordings as well as the datasheet with all analysed call measurements, and the original data from the microphone calibration.</p> <p>DATA & FILE OVERVIEW</p> <p>Folder list: <br> - Bat data: folder containing the original Plecotus recordings and raw call parameters<br> - Calibration data : folder containing the array calibration raw data, as well as codes and recordings necessary to calibrate the loudspeaker. <br> </p>
FIGURES 23–24 in A new species of Spinturnix (Acari: Spinturnicidae) from the Turkestani longeared bat Otonycteris leucophaea (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Kazakhstan
FIGURES 23–24. Spinturnix otonycterisi Dundarova & Orlova, sp. nov. 23, Protonymph, photograph, ventral; 24, Protonymph, drawing, ventral.
FIGURES 5–10 in A new species of Spinturnix (Acari: Spinturnicidae) from the Turkestani longeared bat Otonycteris leucophaea (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Kazakhstan
FIGURES 5–10. Spinturnix otonycterisi Dundarova & Orlova, sp. nov., female. 5, leg I, dorsal; 6, leg II, dorsal; 7, leg III, dorsal; 8, leg IV, dorsal; 9, gnathosoma, dorsal; 10, chelicera, lateral.
FIGURES 17–22 in A new species of Spinturnix (Acari: Spinturnicidae) from the Turkestani longeared bat Otonycteris leucophaea (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Kazakhstan
FIGURES 17–22. Spinturnix otonycterisi Dundarova & Orlova, sp. nov. 17, Male, photograph, sternogenital shield; 18. Male, drawing, sternogenital shield; 19, Protonymph, habitus. 20. Male, chelicera. 21, Protonymph, photograph, dorsal; 22, Protonymph, drawing, dorsal.
FIGURES 1–4 in A new species of Spinturnix (Acari: Spinturnicidae) from the Turkestani longeared bat Otonycteris leucophaea (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Kazakhstan
FIGURES 1–4. Spinturnix otonycterisi Dundarova & Orlova, sp. nov., female. 1, photograph, dorsal; 2, drawing, dorsal; 3, photograph, ventral; 4, drawing, ventral.
FIGURES 11–16 in A new species of Spinturnix (Acari: Spinturnicidae) from the Turkestani longeared bat Otonycteris leucophaea (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Kazakhstan
FIGURES 11–16. Spinturnix otonycterisi Dundarova & Orlova, sp. nov., Male. 11, photograph, dorsal; 12, drawing, dorsal; 13, photograph, ventral; 14, drawing, ventral; 15, photograph, sternogenital shield; 16, drawing, sternogenital shield.
Fig. 2 in Variation in diet of frugivorous bats in fragments of Brazil's Atlantic Forest associated with vegetation density
Fig. 2.—Carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios for each bat population presented as mean and standard deviation. Each panel represents one species–season pairing: Al-H is Artibeus lituratus in the Humid season; Cp-H is Carollia perspicillata in the Humid season; Cp-S is C. perspicillata in the super-humid season; Sl-S is Sturnira lilium in the super-humid season. Fragments and population designations correspond to fragments in Brazil's Atlantic Forest in Fig. 1. Shades correspond to fragment where the sample was collected ordered by area. Darker greens are largest fragments; darkest purple are smallest fragments.
Fig. 1 in Variation in diet of frugivorous bats in fragments of Brazil's Atlantic Forest associated with vegetation density
Fig. 1.—Map of study sites situated in Brazil's Atlantic Forest, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Sites in Reserva Ecologica de Guapiacu ("REGUA") and fragments (F) adjacent to this area are indicated as points. Thirteen areas were sampled and allocated as REGUA, REGUA2, REGUA3 for those sampled in the reserve (considered repeated efforts sampling in the same fragment), and 10 fragments designated as F1 through F10. This figure was constructed using ESRI base maps and existing maps available through Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia (IBGE) (SOS Mata Atlântica (2009) (www.sosma.org). Used under commons licence). Figure is adapted from Teixeira (2019).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.