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Trustworthiness of Artificial Intelligence – Powered Autonomous Healthcare Systems: An Assessment Framework Informed by Experts Insights
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Variations of HRV and skin conductance reveal the influence of CV4 and Rib Raising techniques on autonomic balance: A randomized controlled clinical trial
<p>Variations of HRV and skin conductance reveal the influence of CV4 and Rib Raising techniques on autonomic balance: A randomized controlled clinical trial</p> <p> </p> <p>Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether Fourth Ventricle Compression</p> <p>Technique (CV4) and Rib Raising (RR) osteopathic techniques influence Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) activity, as measured by Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and Skin Conductance (SC).</p> <p>Method: A randomized-controlled clinical trial has been performed from June 2010 to January 2011. 32 healthy adults (33.9 ± 14 years, and 72% female) were selected. Subjects were randomized in three groups: CV4 group, RR group and Placebo group. Each subject of each group underwent respective technique only once. HRV and SC were continuously recorded during the session. All data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software (version 21.0) and the significance level was considered at p 0.05.</p> <p>Results: RR technique intra-group subject analysis showed a significant decrease in LF/HF ratio (F ¼ 25.18; p < 0.001), a statistically significant decrease of LF (F ¼ 27.09; p < 0.001), and increase of HF, both at the end of treatment (F ¼ 27.09; p < 0.001). CV4 technique intra-group subject analysis showed a significant reduction of the LF/HF ratio (F ¼ 81.15; p < 0.001), a significant decrease in LF (F ¼ 38.29; p < 0.001) and a significant increase of HF, at the end of treatment (F ¼ 38.28; p < 0.001). Between-group analysis showed only a significant difference in LF/HF ratio between CV4 and PL groups (F ¼ 3.44; p ¼ 0.042).</p> <p>Discussion: Our results suggest that the application of CV4 and RR techniques favors a shift in the autonomic balance towards a parasympathetic predominant state. Thus, their use within OMT protocol, as holistic approach, might improve the outcome of the treatment of clinical neuro-vegetative conditions.</p>
How the first years of motherhood impact the cardiac autonomic profile of female healthcare professionals: a study by heart rate variability analysis.
<p>Dataset from Dalla Vecchia LA, De Maria B, Cassetti G, Clementi L, De Grazia V, Perego F, Porta A. How the first years of motherhood impact the cardiac autonomic profile of female healthcare professionals: a study by heart rate variability analysis. Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 14;11(1):8161. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87596-y. PMID: 33854133; PMCID: PMC8047021.</p> <p>Abstract</p> <p>The conciliation between career and family is a relevant issue for working women, in particular during the first years of motherhood. Data about the state of the cardiac autonomic regulation in working women with preschoolers are lacking. Aim of this study was to compare the cardiac autonomic profile of female healthcare professionals with and without preschoolers via the analysis of the variability of the time distance between two consecutive R-wave peaks (RR) from standard 24-h Holter electrocardiogram (ECG). Fifty healthy active female healthcare professionals were enrolled: 25 with at least one preschooler (W_KID) and 25 without (W_NOKID). A standard Holter ECG was obtained during a regular working day. Segments of 5000 consecutive RRs were selected during daytime (DAY) and nighttime (NIGHT). Heart rate variability analysis was performed and the following parameters were considered for comparison between the two groups: mean (μ<sub>RR</sub>), variance (σ<sup>2</sup><sub>RR</sub>), and the absolute power in high frequency component (HF) of RR (HF<sub>RR</sub>) series. HF<sub>RR</sub> was considered as a marker of vagal cardiac modulation. Only µ<sub>RR</sub> significantly increased from DAY to NIGHT in both groups (699 ± 88 vs 887 ± 140 ms in W_KID and 728 ± 90 vs 942 ± 166 ms in W_NOKID). Instead, σ<sup>2</sup><sub>RR</sub> and HF<sub>RR</sub> increased from DAY to NIGHT only in W_NOKID (from 3334 ± 2153 to 4816 ± 4063 ms<sup>2</sup> and from 356 ± 334 to 1397 ± 1629 ms<sup>2</sup>, respectively). W_KID showed lower σ<sup>2</sup><sub>RR</sub> and HF<sub>RR</sub> during NIGHT, compared to W_NOKID (2336 ± 3170 vs 4816 ± 4063 ms<sup>2</sup> and 556 ± 950 vs 1397 ± 1629 ms<sup>2</sup>, respectively). The perceived stress according to the visual analogue scale was similar in the two groups (4.7 ± 2.1 in W_KID, 5.7 ± 2.1 in W_NOKID). The presence of preschoolers lowered nocturnal cardiac vagal modulation in female healthcare professionals. This might represent an adaptation with a finalistic purpose, scilicet the facilitation of a prompt reaction in case of a child's need.</p>
Research Data for "Breaking through safety performance stagnation in autonomous vehicles with dense learning"
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Adrenalectomy Improves Blood Pressure and Metabolic Control in Patients With Possible Autonomous Cortisol Secretion: Results of a RCT.
<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The best approach to patients with adrenal incidentaloma (AI) and possible autonomous cortisol secretion (PACS) is debated. The aim of this study was to assess the metabolic effect of adrenalectomy in AI patients with PACS in relation to cortisol secretion parameters, peripheral activation, and glucocorticoid sensitivity. <strong>Design:</strong> This is a multicenter randomized study (NCT number: NCT04860180). <strong>Methods:</strong> Sixty-two AI outpatients (40–75 years) with AI >1 cm and cortisol after overnight dexamethasone suppression test (F-1mgDST) between 50 and 138 nmol/L were randomized to adrenalectomy (Arm A) or a conservative approach (Arm B). Fifty-five patients completed the 6-month follow-up, 25 patients in Arm A (17 female patients, aged 62.5 ± 10.4 years) and 30 patients in Arm B (24 female patients, 66.1 ± 9.1 years). Plasma adrenocorticotroph hormone (ACTH), 24-h urinary free cortisol, 24-h urinary free cortisone, F-1mgDST, glucose, lipids, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, blood pressure (BP), body weight, and treatment variations were assessed. The 24-h urinary free cortisol/cortisone ratio (an 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 activity marker), BclI, and the N363S variants of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) polymorphisms were also evaluated. <strong>Results:</strong> BP control improved in 68% and 13% of the subjects in Arm A and Arm B, respectively (<em>p</em> = 0.001), and the glycometabolic control improved in 28% and 3.3% of the subjects in Arm A and Arm B patients, respectively (<em>p</em> = 0.02). Arm A subjects more rarely showed the BP and/or glycometabolic control worsening than Arm B patients (12% and 40%, respectively, <em>p</em> = 0.03). The surgical approach was independently associated with BP amelioration (OR 3.0, 95% CI 3.8–108.3, <em>p</em> < 0.001) but not with age, F-1mgDST levels, BMI, and hypertension and diabetes mellitus presence at baseline. The 24-h urinary free cortisol/cortisone ratio and the presence of sensitizing GR polymorphisms were not associated with the surgical outcome. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the BP control amelioration was associated with F-1mgDST [area under the curve (AUC), 0.82 ± 0.09 <em>p</em> = 0.012]. The F-1mgDST cutoff with the best compromise in predicting the BP amelioration was set at 75 nmol/L (sensitivity 77%, specificity 75%). <strong>Conclusions:</strong> AI patients with PACS benefit from surgery in terms of BP and glycometabolic control.</p>
Autonomic cardiac profile in male and female healthcare professionals with and without preschoolers: differences evidenced by heart rate variability analysis
<p>De Maria B, Cassetti G, Clementi L, De Grazia V, Parati M, Perego F, Porta A, Dalla Vecchia LA. Autonomic cardiac profile in male and female healthcare professionals with and without preschoolers: differences evidenced by heart rate variability analysis. Sci Rep. 2022 Aug 25;12(1):14499. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18744-1. PMID: 36008506; PMCID: PMC9411539.</p> <p>Abstract</p> <p>A reduced nocturnal cardiac vagal modulation has been observed in working women with preschoolers. Whether this adaptation also occurs in men remains an open question. The aim of this study was to analyze the cardiac autonomic profile of two groups of healthcare male professionals, one with and one without preschoolers, to be compared to females. Twenty-five working men with preschoolers (M_KID, age 35.41 ± 4.01 years) and 25 without (M_NOKID, 34.48 ± 6.00 years) were compared with 25 working women with preschoolers (W_KID, 37.7 ± 5.6 years) and 25 without (W_NOKID, 35.4 ± 7.2 years). A 24-h Holter electrocardiogram was performed for time and frequency domain analysis of the beat-to-beat variations of RR interval (RR) variability, during daytime (DAY) and nighttime (NIGHT). The power of RR variability in the high frequency band (HF<sub>RR</sub>) was considered as an index of cardiac vagal modulation. RR variability indices were similar in M_KID and M_NOKID during both DAY and NIGHT. In contrast, W_KID showed a reduced nocturnal HF<sub>RR</sub> compared to W_NOKID. The comparison of working men with and without preschoolers revealed no differences in the cardiac autonomic profile, in contrast with women. This suggests that sex and/or gender may represent a crucial factor in the cardiac neural control in the parental condition.</p>
Analysis of an optical imaging system prototype for autonomously monitoring zooplankton in an aquaculture facility
<p>This upload consists of a zip file containing all the images used in the zooplankton training library. Individual folders of each zooplankton class contain all the images in the training library for that respective class. Each image is labeled with its actual classification. The labeled images provide a reproducible source to test and retest various classification algorithms and image decomposition approaches.</p>
Datasets for "Self-Driving Telescopes: Autonomous Scheduling of Astronomical Observation Campaigns with Reinforcement Learning"
<p>Go to https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.8388482 for the updated version!!</p> <p> </p> <p>These datasets are the official data of the submission "Self-Driving Telescopes: Autonomous Scheduling of Astronomical Observation Campaigns with Reinforcement Learning", anonymous for the double-blind submission system.<br>A README.md file will contain all the information related to the datasets and a metadata.json file will contain their metadata according to the Schema.org format.</p>
Hepatocyte Growth Factor and Cardiovascular Autonomic Function
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00478127. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 0.
Cell autonomous and non-autonomous interactions of a western-style diet and the vitamin D receptor in intestinal homeostasis and tumorigenesis
GEO Series GSE55809. Mus musculus. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Data set from Barbic F, Minonzio M, Cairo B, Shiffer D, Dipasquale A, Cerina L, Vatteroni A, Urechie V, Verzeletti P, Badilini F, Vaglio M, Iatrino R, Porta A, Santambrogio M, Gatti R, Furlan R. Effects of different classroom temperatures on cardiac autonomic control and cognitive performances in undergraduate students. Physiol Meas. 2019 Jun 4;40(5):054005. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/ab1816. PMID: 30970334.
<p>Data set from Barbic F, Minonzio M, Cairo B, Shiffer D, Dipasquale A, Cerina L, Vatteroni A, Urechie V, Verzeletti P, Badilini F, Vaglio M, Iatrino R, Porta A, Santambrogio M, Gatti R, Furlan R. Effects of different classroom temperatures on cardiac autonomic control and cognitive performances in undergraduate students. Physiol Meas. 2019 Jun 4;40(5):054005. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/ab1816. PMID: 30970334.</p> <p> </p> <p>This is the abstract:</p> <p><strong>Objective: </strong> Indoor microclimate may affect students' wellbeing, cardiac autonomic control and cognitive performance with potential impact on learning capabilities. To assess the effects of classroom temperature variations on the autonomic profile and students' cognitive capabilities.</p> <p><strong>Approach: </strong> Twenty students attending Humanitas University School, (14M, age 21 ± 3 years) underwent a single-lead ECG continuous recording by a portable device during a 2 h lecture when classroom temperature was set 'neutral' (20 °C-22 °C, Day 1) and when classroom temperature was set to 24 °C-26 °C (Day 2). ECGs were sent by telemetry to a server for off-line analysis. Spectral analysis of RR variability provided indices of cardiac sympathetic (LF<sub>nu</sub>), vagal (HF, HF<sub>nu</sub>) and cardiac sympatho-vagal modulation (LF/HF). Symbolic analysis of RR variability provided the percentage of sequences of three heart periods with no significant change in RR interval (0V%) and with two significant variations (2V%) reflecting cardiac sympathetic and vagal modulation, respectively. Students' cognitive performance (memory, verbal comprehension and reasoning) was assessed at the end of each lecture using the Cambridge Brain Sciences cognitive evaluation tool.</p> <p><strong>Main results: </strong> Classroom temperature and CO<sub>2</sub> were assessed every 5 min. Classroom temperatures were 22.4 °C ± 0.1 °C (Day 1) and 26.2 °C ± 0.1 °C (Day 2). Student's thermal comfort was lower during Day 2 compared to Day 1. HR, LF/HF and 0V% were greater during Day 2 (79.5 ± 12.1 bpm, 6.9 ± 7.1 and 32.8% ± 10.3%) than during Day 1 (72.6 ± 10.8 bpm, 3.4 ± 3.7, 21.4% ± 9.2%). Conversely, 2V% was lower during Day 2 (23.1% ± 8.1%) than during Day 1 (32.3% ± 11.4%). Short-term memory, verbal ability and the overall cognitive C-score scores were lower during Day 2 (10.3 ± 0.3; 8.1 ± 1.2 and 10.9 ± 2.0) compared to Day 1 (11.7 ± 2.1; 10.7 ± 1.7 and 12.6 ± 1.8).</p> <p><strong>Significance: </strong> During Day 2, a shift of the cardiac autonomic control towards a sympathetic predominance was observed compared to Day 1, in the presence of greater thermal discomfort. Furthermore, during Day 2 reduced cognitive performances were found.</p>
Heart Rate Variability for the early detection of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in type 1 diabetes
<p>Anonymized dataset with HRV indexes in T1DM patients and matched controls measured in supine and head-up tilt postures. Data used in the paper: "Heart Rate Variability for the Early Detection of Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetes" Paolo Castiglioni, Andrea Faini, Anika Nys, Renee De Busser, Martijn Scherrenberg, Esmee Baldussu, Gianfranco Parati, Paul Dendale published on Frontiers in Physiology (2022)</p>
Progressive Additive Benefits of Prehabilitation and Subsequent Bariatric Surgery on Cardiac Autonomic Regulation as Assessed by Means of a Simple Unitary Composite Index: Preliminary Data from an Observational Study
<p>Obesity is associated with an increased risk of several chronic comorbidities, which may<br> also be determined by dysfunctional autonomic nervous system (ANS). The influence of bariatric<br> surgery (BS) on ANS balance was explored in previous studies, but with high heterogeneity in both<br> the assessment timing and methods employed. In the present observational study, we applied a<br> clinical protocol which considers two subsequent phases. Twenty-nine non-diabetic obese subjects<br> were studied at baseline (T0), after one month of lifestyle modification (prehabilitation) (phase 1-T1),<br> and after eight months following BS (phase 2-T2). ANS regulation was assessed across the three study<br> epochs by means of ANSI, a single composite percent-ranked proxy of autonomic balance, being free<br> of gender and age bias, economical and simple to apply in a clinical setting. The aim of the present<br> study was to investigate the effects of the clinical protocol based on prehabilitation and subsequent<br> BS on the ANS regulation by means of ANSI. Potential intertwined correlations with metabolic<br> parameters were also investigated. Notably, we observed a progressive improvement in ANS control,<br> even by employing ANSI. Moreover, the reduction in the markers of sympathetic overactivity was<br> found to significantly correlate with the amelioration in some metabolic parameters (fasting glucose,<br> insulin levels, and waist circumference), as well as in stress and tiredness perception. In conclusion,<br> this study provides convincing evidence that a unitary proxy of cardiac autonomic regulation (CAR)<br> may reflect the progressive improvement in autonomic regulation following behavioral and surgical<br> interventions in obese patients. Intriguingly, this might contribute to reducing cardiovascular and<br> metabolic risk.</p>
Increased risk of vertebral fractures in patients with mild autonomous cortisol secretion
<p>This is a database used for a retrospective observational study focused on patients diagnosed with adrenal incidentalomas. </p> <p>We recorded the available clinical and biochemical data (e.g cortisol levels after 1mg dexamethasone suppression test, ACTH levels, urine free cortisol) of all patients with adrenal incidentalomas with and without mild autonomous cortisol secretion referred to the participating centres from January 1997 to June 2013. </p> <p> </p>
Human skeletal muscle tissue chip autonomous payload reveals changes in fiber type and metabolic gene expression due to spaceflight.
Microphysiological systems provide the opportunity to model accelerated changes at the human tissue level in the extreme space environment. Spaceflight-induced muscle atrophy experienced by astronauts shares similar physiological changes to muscle wasting in older adults, known as sarcopenia. These shared attributes provide a rationale for investigating molecular changes in muscle cells exposed to spaceflight that may mimic the underlying pathophysiology of sarcopenia. We report the results from three-dimensional myobundles derived from muscle biopsies from young and older adults, integrated into an autonomous CubeLab™, and flown to the International Space Station (ISS) aboard SpaceX CRS-21 as part of the NIH/NASA funded Tissue Chips in Space program. Global transcriptomic RNA-Seq analyses comparing the myobundles in space and on the ground revealed downregulation of shared transcripts related to myoblast proliferation and muscle differentiation. The analyses also revealed downregulated differentially expressed gene pathways related to muscle metabolism unique to myobundles derived from the older cohort exposed to the space environment compared to ground controls. Gene classes related to inflammatory pathways were downregulated in flight samples cultured from the younger cohort compared to ground controls. Our muscle tissue chip platform provides an approach to studying the cell autonomous effects of spaceflight on muscle cell biology that may not be appreciated on the whole organ or organism level and sets the stage for continued data collection from muscle tissue chip experimentation in microgravity. We also report on the challenges and opportunities for conducting autonomous tissue-on-chip CubeLab™ payloads on the ISS.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.