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Heterogeneity in risk-sensitive allocation of somatic reserves in a long-lived mammal
<p>Patterns of food quality and availability, when combined with energetic demands in seasonal environments, shape resource acquisition and allocation by animals and hold consequences for life-history strategies. In long-lived species with extensive maternal care, regulation of somatic reserves of energy and protein can occur in a risk-sensitive manner, wherein resources are preferentially allocated to support survival at the cost of investment in reproduction. We investigated how Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), an alpine mammal in a highly seasonal environment, allocate somatic reserves across seasons. In accordance with the hypothesis of risk-sensitive resource allocation, we expected accretion and catabolism of somatic reserves to be regulated relative to pre-season nutritional state, reproductive state, and vary among populations in accordance with local environmental conditions. To test that hypothesis, we monitored seasonal changes of percent ingesta-free body fat (IFBFat) and ingesta-free, fat-free body mass (IFFFBMass) in three populations of bighorn sheep in northwest Wyoming between 2015 and 2019 through repeated captures of female sheep in December and March of each year in a longitudinal study design. Regulation of somatic reserves was risk sensitive and varied relative to the amount of somatic reserves an animal had at the beginning of the season. Regulation of fat reserves was sensitive to reproductive state and differed by population, particularly over the summer. In one population with low rates of recruitment of young, sheep that recruited offspring lost fat over the summer in contrast to the other two populations where sheep that recruited gained fat. And yet, all populations exhibited similar changes in fat catabolism and risk sensitivity over winter. Magnitude of body fat and mass change across seasons may be indicative of sufficiency of seasonal ranges to meet energetic demands of survival and reproduction. Risk-sensitive allocation of resources was pervasive suggesting nutritional underpinnings are foundational to behavior, vital rates, and ultimately, population dynamics. For species living in alpine environments, risk-sensitive resource allocation may be essential to balance investment in reproduction with ensuring survival.</p>
[IO Islamic 2424] Maâthir-alumarâ, The Second Edition of the Great Biographical Dictionary of the Famous Amîrs, Nawwâbs, and other Noblemen who Lived
<ul> <li><strong> Another Copy of the Maâthir-alumarâ.</strong></li> <li><strong>This manuscript is now IO Islamic 2424 in the India Office collections.</strong></li> <li><strong>[metadata:</strong> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Hermann_Eth%C3%A9"><strong>Hermann Ethé</strong></a><strong><em>, </em></strong><a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1323681"><strong><em>Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office,</em></strong> </a><a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1323681"><strong>2 vols. (Oxford: India Office, 1903): volume 1,</strong></a> <strong>number 627 here with notations and hyperlinks]</strong>.</li> </ul> <p>627</p> <p>Maâthir-alumarâ (مآثر الامرا).</p> <p>This curious MS. of a rather unattractive exterior (both on account of the uncouth hand and the many cancelled portions) is nevertheless of singular interest and importance, as it exhibits the brouillon or first sketch of the <em>second revised and greatly enlarged edition of </em>Ṣamṣâm-aldaulah’s biographical dictionary, by the author’s son, Mîr ‘Abd-alḥayy (born A.H. 1142=A.D. 1729, 1730, died A.H. 1196=A.D. 1782), who commenced this edition, for which he used all the most famous historical and biographical works, A.H. 1182 (A.D. 1768, 1769), and completed it A.H. 1194 (A.D. 1780). Unfortunately there are seventy-two leaves missing between ff. 4 and 5.</p> <p>Contents:</p> <p>Preface of the <em>second </em>editor, ‘Abd-alḥayy, on fol. 1<sup>b</sup>, beginning: ستادش بیکران و نیایش بی اندازه مالک الملکی را سزد که آثار الخ.</p> <p>The date of the completion, A.H. 1194, appears in the last line of this preface (ta’rîkh: زهی ادیب مصاحب مآثر الامرا).</p> <p>The author’s original preface, on fol. 3<sup>b</sup> (the first line, beginning الحمدلله و سلام علی عباده الخ, is crossed out).</p> <p>The dictionary itself is subdivide into at least five parts, each of which is arranged in alphabetical order and preceded by a table of contents; the system of these subdivisions is not clear, since they all appear to be of mixed contents both as to chronology and to rank.</p> <p>The <em>first </em>part is missing; the <em>second</em>, on fol. 5<sup>a</sup>, contains twenty-two biographies, beginning with Amîn-aldaulah Amîn-aldînkhân, who died A.H. 1152 (A.D. 1739, 1740), and ending with Muḳarrabkhân, the son of Amînkhân, who died A.H. 1158 (A.D. 1745). In the text itself there were originally a larger number of biographies, but they have been crossed out (denoted by بطل) and not inserted in the table on fol. 5<sup>a</sup>.</p> <p>The <em>third </em>part begins on fol. 35<sup>a</sup> and contains 126 biographies, four of which, although first inserted in the index, have afterwards been cancelled (denoted by بطل in the text, by a big م=محو in the table of the contents). <em>First </em>biography: Ibrâhîmkhân Aurang, under Humâyûn, who died A.H. 975 (A.D. 1567, 1568). <em>Last</em> biography: Yûsufkhân of Kashmîr, who died A.H. 999 (A.D. 1590, 1591).</p> <p>The <em>fourth </em>part begins on fol. 98<sup>a</sup> and contains eighty-five biographies, three of which are afterwards cancelled.</p> <p><em>First </em>biography: Ihtimâmkhan, who died A.H. 1056 (A.D. 1646).</p> <p><em>Last </em>biography: Ya’ḳûbkhân Badakhshî, who died A.H. 1037 (A.D. 1627, 1628).</p> <p>The <em>fifth </em>part begins on fol. 132<sup>a</sup> and contains 138 biographies, four of which are afterwards cancelled.</p> <p><em>First</em> biography: Aḥsankhân Sulṭân Ḥasan, who died A.H. 1120 (A.D. 1708, 1709).</p> <p><em>Last </em>biography: Yalankûshkhân Bahâdur, who died A.H. 1076 (A.D. 1665, 1666).</p> <p>The whole number of biographies therefore in this Brouillon is 371, or deducting the eleven which afterwards have been crossed out, 360. In the first missing part there may have been eighty or ninety more, which would give a total of about 450 biographies, whereas the usual copies of this <em>second </em>edition contain 731…</p> <p>A khâtimah, giving the editor’s short account of his own life, is found on fol. 203<sup>b</sup>; see Rieu i. p. 340.</p> <p>This MS. exhibits throughout erasures of certain lines in the text and corrections and annotations in the margin, all in the same handwriting. Usually a blank space is left between the single biographies for future additions. Ff. 96-97, and 131 are entirely blank. Presented by Lieut.-Col. W. Kirkpatrick, 30<sup>th</sup> of May, 1804.</p> <p>No. 2424, ff. 204, II. 21-23; Shikasta; size, 12<sup>3/8</sup> in. by 6<sup>3/4</sup> in.</p> <p> </p>
[IO Islamic 2910] Maâthir-alumarâ, The First Edition of the Great Biographical Dictionary of the Famous Amîrs, Nawwâbs, and other Noblemen who Lived during the Reign of the Tîmûrides in India
<ul> <li><strong> Another Copy of the Maâthir-alumarâ.</strong></li> <li><strong>This manuscript is now IO Islamic 2910 in the India Office collections.</strong></li> <li><strong>[metadata:</strong> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Hermann_Eth%C3%A9"><strong>Hermann Ethé</strong></a><strong><em>, </em></strong><a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1323681"><strong><em>Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office,</em></strong> </a><a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1323681"><strong>2 vols. (Oxford: India Office, 1903): volume 1,</strong></a> <strong>number 625 here with notations and hyperlinks]</strong>.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>625</p> <p>The same.</p> <p>Complete index, on ff. 1-6.</p> <p><em>Editor’s</em> preface, on fol. 7<sup>b</sup>.</p> <p><em>Author’s </em>original preface, on fol. 20<sup>a</sup>.</p> <p>Beginning of the <em>dictionary</em>, on fol. 22<sup>a</sup>.</p> <p>No date.</p> <p>No. 2910, ff. 672, II. 15; Nasta’lîḳ; size, 11<sup>3/4</sup> in. by 7 in.</p> <p> </p>
[IO Islamic 2847] Maâthir-alumarâ, The First Edition of the Great Biographical Dictionary of the Famous Amîrs, Nawwâbs, and other Noblemen who Lived during the Reign of the Tîmûrides in India
<ul> <li><strong> Another Copy of the Maâthir-alumarâ.</strong></li> <li><strong>This manuscript is now IO Islamic 2847 in the India Office collections.</strong></li> <li><strong>[metadata:</strong> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Hermann_Eth%C3%A9"><strong>Hermann Ethé</strong></a><strong><em>, </em></strong><a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1323681"><strong><em>Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office,</em></strong> </a><a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1323681"><strong>2 vols. (Oxford: India Office, 1903): volume 1,</strong></a> <strong>number 624 here with notations and hyperlinks]</strong>.</li> </ul> <p>624</p> <p>The same.</p> <p>Another excellent but undated copy of the <em>first edition</em> of the Maâthir-alumarâ, styled here (by an inference drawn from the words: امّا بعد این کتابیست ممتاز و کارنامه in fol. 1<sup>b</sup>, I. 5) on the fly-leaf: Montauz-namah, i. e. ممتازنامه.</p> <p><em>Editor’s </em>preface, on fol. 1<sup>b</sup>.</p> <p>Life of the <em>author</em>, on fol. 2<sup>b</sup>.</p> <p>The <em>author’s</em> original preface, on fol. 10<sup>a</sup>.</p> <p>Beginning of the <em>dictionary</em>, on fol. 11<sup>a</sup>.</p> <p>No. 2847, ff. 366, II. 21; very clear and distinct Nasta’lîḳ; size, 12<sup>3/4</sup> in. by 8<sup>1/8</sup> in.</p> <p> </p>
[IO Islamic 2443] Maâthir-alumarâ, The First Edition of the Great Biographical Dictionary of the Famous Amîrs, Nawwâbs, and other Noblemen who Lived during the Reign of the Tîmûrides in India
<ul> <li><strong> IOL Islamic 2443 Another Copy of the Maâthir-alumarâ.</strong></li> <li><strong>This manuscript is now IO Islamic 2443 in the India Office collections.</strong></li> <li><strong>[metadata:</strong> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Hermann_Eth%C3%A9"><strong>Hermann Ethé</strong></a><strong><em>, </em></strong><a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1323681"><strong><em>Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office,</em></strong> </a><a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1323681"><strong>2 vols. (Oxford: India Office, 1903): volume 1,</strong></a> <strong>number 623 here with notations and hyperlinks]</strong>.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>623</p> <p>Another copy of the same <em>first edition.</em></p> <p>This copy, which is dated the 10<sup>th</sup> of Sha’bân, A.H. 1203 (A.D. 1789, May 6), by Muḥammad Yûsuf of Aurangâbâd, contains:</p> <p>A complete index of all the biographies found in this work, on fol. 1<sup>b</sup>.</p> <p>The <em>editor’s </em>preface, on fol. 5<sup>b</sup>, beginning as in the preceding copy.</p> <p>The <em>author’s </em>life, on fol. 6<sup>b</sup>.</p> <p>The <em>author’s</em> original preface on fol. 14<sup>a</sup>, beginning as in the preceding copy.</p> <p>Beginning of the <em>dictionary</em>, on fol. 15<sup>b</sup>.</p> <p>Many English notes on the margin.</p> <p>No. 2443, ff. 403, II. 21; clear and distinct Nasta’lîḳ; size, 12 in. by 7<sup>1/8</sup> in.</p> <p> </p>
[IO Islamic 837] Maâthir-alumarâ, The Second Edition of the Great Biographical Dictionary of the Famous Amîrs, Nawwâbs, and other Noblemen who Lived
<ul> <li><strong> Another Copy of the Maâthir-alumarâ.</strong></li> <li><strong>This manuscript is now IO Islamic 837 in the India Office collections.</strong></li> <li><strong>[metadata:</strong> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Hermann_Eth%C3%A9"><strong>Hermann Ethé</strong></a><strong><em>, </em></strong><a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1323681"><strong><em>Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office,</em></strong> </a><a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1323681"><strong>2 vols. (Oxford: India Office, 1903): volume 1,</strong></a> <strong>number 628 here with notations and hyperlinks]</strong>.</li> </ul> <p><br> </p> <p>628</p> <p>Another copy of the same.</p> <p>This copy of the <em>second </em>or revised and enlarged edition is the usual one, beginning on fol.1<sup>b </sup>with the second editor׳s preface :</p> <p>ستايش بيكران و نيايش بی اندازه الخ</p> <p>, after which follow:</p> <p>The preface of the <em>first </em>editor, Faḳîr Ghulâm 'Alî, on fol. 3<sup>b</sup>, beginning: حمد شاهنشاهى الخ .</p> <p>The author׳s life, on fol. 4<sup>a</sup>, and a detailed index of the whole work, on ff. 9<sup>b</sup>-12<sup>b</sup>.</p> <p>Beginning of the dictionary with Ism’îlbeg Dûldî (see No. 626), on fol. 12<sup>b</sup>.</p> <p>The right order of ff. 206-221 is: 206, 208, 207, 209-212, 214, 213, 215-218, 220, 219, 221; of ff. 272-287 : 272, 274, 273, 275-278, 280, 279, 281-284, 286, 285, 287 ; and of ff. 522-592 : 522, 526, 525, 524, 523, 527-541, 543, 542, 544-547, 549, 548, 550-559, 561, 560, 562-565, 567, 566, 568-571, 573, 572, 574-589, 591, 590, 592.</p> <p>Dated the 22<sup>nd</sup> of Shawwâl, A.H. 1221=A.D. 1807, January 2.</p> <p>Nos. 837, 838, ff. 597, II. 27; clear and distinct Nasta’lîḳ ; size, 14<sup>1/2 </sup>in. by 8<sup>1/2 </sup>in.</p> <p> </p>
Subspecies and Distribution. L.t.tolaiPallas,1778—InnerMongolia(=NeiMongol),andGansu(NCChina). L.t.buchariensisOgnev,1922—TajikistanandNEAfghanistan. L.t.cheybaniBaloutch,1978—SWIran(ZagrosMts). L.t.cinnamomeusShamel,1940—SWSichuan,andNYunnan(SCChina). L.t.filchneriMatschie,1908—Shaanxi(CChina). L.t.lehmanniSevertzov,1873—SKazakhstan,Turkmenistan,andextremeN&NEIran,EtoSSiberia,Mongolia,andXinjiang(NWChina). L. t. swinhoei Thomas, 1894 — from Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia S to Hebei, Beijing, Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Shandong (NE & E China). The Tolai Hare occurs in the steppes E of the Caspian Sea, S to NE & SW Iran, E through the Middle Asian republics to Afghanistan, and from Kazakhstan and S Siberia to Mongolia, S Russian Far East, NW, C & NE China; an isolated population lives in S Iraq and SW Iran. A single specimen in South Asia might extend the distribution of the Tolai Hare as far S as Jammu and Kashmir, N India. in Leporidae
Subspecies and Distribution. L.t.tolaiPallas,1778—InnerMongolia(=NeiMongol),andGansu(NCChina). L.t.buchariensisOgnev,1922—TajikistanandNEAfghanistan. L.t.cheybaniBaloutch,1978—SWIran(ZagrosMts). L.t.cinnamomeusShamel,1940—SWSichuan,andNYunnan(SCChina). L.t.filchneriMatschie,1908—Shaanxi(CChina). L.t.lehmanniSevertzov,1873—SKazakhstan,Turkmenistan,andextremeN&NEIran,EtoSSiberia,Mongolia,andXinjiang(NWChina). L. t. swinhoei Thomas, 1894 — from Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia S to Hebei, Beijing, Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Shandong (NE & E China). The Tolai Hare occurs in the steppes E of the Caspian Sea, S to NE & SW Iran, E through the Middle Asian republics to Afghanistan, and from Kazakhstan and S Siberia to Mongolia, S Russian Far East, NW, C & NE China; an isolated population lives in S Iraq and SW Iran. A single specimen in South Asia might extend the distribution of the Tolai Hare as far S as Jammu and Kashmir, N India.
Telomere length correlates with physiological and behavioural responses of a long-lived seabird to an ecologically-relevant challenge
<p>Determinants of individual variation in reallocation of limited resources towards self-maintenance versus reproduction are not well known. We tested the hypothesis that individual heterogeneity in long-term "somatic state" a) explains variation in endocrine and behavioural responses to environmental challenges, and b) is associated with variation in strategies for allocating to self-maintenance versus reproduction. We used relative telomere length as an indicator of somatic state and experimentally generated an abrupt short-term reduction of food availability (withdrawal of food supplementation) for free-living seabirds (Black-legged kittiwakes, Rissa tridactyla). Incubating male kittiwakes responded to withdrawal by increasing circulating corticosterone and losing more weight compared to continuously supplemented controls. Males with longer telomeres increased time in directed travel regardless of treatment, while experiencing smaller increases in corticosterone. Males with longer telomeres fledged more chicks in the control group and tended to be more likely to return regardless of treatment. This study supports the hypothesis that somatic state can explain variation in short-term physiological and behavioural responses to challenges, and longer-term consequences for fitness. Male kittiwakes with longer telomeres appear to have prioritized investment in self over investment in offspring under challenging conditions.</p>
Data from the parametric analysis of masonry buttressed arches with limit analysis subjected to vertical self-weight plus a proportional concentrated vertical live load applied at quarter-span
<p>For each one of the simulations performed from the parametric analysis of masonry buttressed arches with limit analysis subjected to vertical self-weight plus a proportional concentrated vertical live load applied at quarter-span, this database contains a .txt, a .vtk and a .png file. In the .txt file the elapsed time and the collapse multiplier of each simulation can be found. The .vtk file contains all the geometry and displacement values of every masonry buttressed arch. Finally, the .png file presents the collapse mechanism obtained. </p>
Distribution. Known only from living specimens in Giza, Nile Delta, NE Egypt, plus a recent additional record S on the Nile and another to the N of Giza in the Nile Delta; mummified specimens are known from Thebes, SE Egypt; it may have a more extensive distribution throughout the Nile Valley between Giza and Thebes. in Soricidae
Distribution. Known only from living specimens in Giza, Nile Delta, NE Egypt, plus a recent additional record S on the Nile and another to the N of Giza in the Nile Delta; mummified specimens are known from Thebes, SE Egypt; it may have a more extensive distribution throughout the Nile Valley between Giza and Thebes.
FIGURE 42. Live individuals. A in The tribe Dysoniini part VI: Phylogeny, biogeography and evolutionary trends of the lichen katydid genera (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae). Eleventh contribution to the suprageneric organization of Neotropical phaneropterines
FIGURE 42. Live individuals. A. Dissonulichen (Dissonulichen) simplicipes. B. Lichenomorphus sp. C. Dysonia cf. holgeri. D. L. montealegrezi. E. L. berenzini. F. L. carlosmendezi. G. Dysonia sp. H. Q. sharovi. (Photos: A, B and E. J. Monzón. C. L. Huamán. F. M. Martins. H. A. Anker).
FIGURE 44. Live individuals. A–B. Hammatofera nodicornis. C in The tribe Dysoniini part VI: Phylogeny, biogeography and evolutionary trends of the lichen katydid genera (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae). Eleventh contribution to the suprageneric organization of Neotropical phaneropterines
FIGURE 44. Live individuals. A–B. Hammatofera nodicornis. C. Dissonulichen (Dissonulichospinus) diffusus. D. Machimoides cf. peru. E. Machima cf. scalprum. F. Yungasacris peruviensis. G. Quiva (Paraquiva) angieae. (Photos: A, B, D. E. Branco. C. J. Chamorro. D. Chan To. F. R. Hoyer. G. accerfoundation).
FIGURE 43. Live individuals. A. Lichenodraculus matti. B. Markia arizae. C. M. major. D. M. hystrix. E. Apolinaria hygracantha. F. Paraphidnia brevicristata G in The tribe Dysoniini part VI: Phylogeny, biogeography and evolutionary trends of the lichen katydid genera (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae). Eleventh contribution to the suprageneric organization of Neotropical phaneropterines
FIGURE 43. Live individuals. A. Lichenodraculus matti. B. Markia arizae. C. M. major. D. M. hystrix. E. Apolinaria hygracantha. F. Paraphidnia brevicristata G. Anaphidna rubricorpus. (Photos: A. L. Salagaje. B. A. Kay. C. J. Monzón. E. F. Arango. F. A. Anker. G. J. Cardona).
FIGURE 1. Living specimens. A in Two new species of Neogonyleptes Roewer, 1913 (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae) from the Nahuelbuta mountain range, Chile
FIGURE 1. Living specimens. A, male of Neogonyleptes floresi sp. nov. (from Pérez-Schultheiss et al. 2019). B, male of Neogonyleptes pedrazai sp. nov. (Photo: Edgardo Flores). C, male of a presumed hybrid between Neogonyleptes sp. and Tumbesia sp. (Photo: Edgardo Flores). D, male of Tumbesia aculeata Roewer, 1930; red arrows indicate the diagnostic apophyses on the posterior border, shared with the putative hybrid specimen (Photo: Jorge Pérez-Schultheiss).
Distribution. Now restricted to the Channel Country of SW Queensland and the Lake Eyre Basin in NE South Australia. Descriptive notes. Head-body 95-120 mm, tail 105-160 mm, ear 23-29 mm, hindfoot 32-37 mm; weight 30-50 g. The Fawn Hopping Mouse has body form typical of hopping mice, with very long hindfeet, long tail with distal brush of longer hairs, very long ears, and large protruberant eyes. Dorsal fur is of variable color, from pale pinkish fawn to gray; ventral fur white. Unlike most other hopping mice, it has no throat pouch, but males have a glandular area of naked skin on the chest. Habitat. Occurs in low shrublands and tussock grasslands on stony ("gibber") plains and claypans. Shows marked habitat segregation from the Dusky Hopping Mouse (N. fuscus), which is closely associated with sandy substrates. Food and Feeding. The Fawn Hopping Mouse is mostly granivorous, but also eats other plant material (stems, leaves) and occasionally invertebrates. It uses succulent, salt-adapted plants around edges of claypans as a source of water. Breeding. Reproduction is probably largely opportunistic and aseasonal, with high reproductive output from near-continuous breeding after periods of high rainfall; reported littersize is 1-5, most commonly three; gestation period 38-43 days for nonlactating females. Females may mature later than other hopping mice, with reproductive maturity reached at about six months. Activity patterns. Terrestrial and nocturnal. Fawn Hopping Mice shelter during day in burrow systems that are typically simpler and shallower than those of other hopping mice. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Fawn Hopping Mice generally live singly or in small groups; typically uncommon within range, but population density may increase by an order of magnitude following periods of high rainfall. Status and Conservation. Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Fawn Hopping Mouse has shown marked decline in range (estimated at greater than 50%), and presumably population size, since European settlement of Australia. This is mostlikely due to predation by the introduced house cat and Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes), and to habitat degradation associated with pastoralism. Bibliography. Brazenor (1934), Burbidge et al. (2008), Finlayson (1939), Gould (1853), Jackson & Groves (2015), Murray et al. (1999), Ogilby (1892), Thomas (1921h), Van Dyck & Strahan (2008), Waite (1898), Watts & Aslin (1981), Woinarski et al. (2014), Wood Jones (1925). in Muridae
Distribution. Now restricted to the Channel Country of SW Queensland and the Lake Eyre Basin in NE South Australia. Descriptive notes. Head-body 95-120 mm, tail 105-160 mm, ear 23-29 mm, hindfoot 32-37 mm; weight 30-50 g. The Fawn Hopping Mouse has body form typical of hopping mice, with very long hindfeet, long tail with distal brush of longer hairs, very long ears, and large protruberant eyes. Dorsal fur is of variable color, from pale pinkish fawn to gray; ventral fur white. Unlike most other hopping mice, it has no throat pouch, but males have a glandular area of naked skin on the chest. Habitat. Occurs in low shrublands and tussock grasslands on stony ("gibber") plains and claypans. Shows marked habitat segregation from the Dusky Hopping Mouse (N. fuscus), which is closely associated with sandy substrates. Food and Feeding. The Fawn Hopping Mouse is mostly granivorous, but also eats other plant material (stems, leaves) and occasionally invertebrates. It uses succulent, salt-adapted plants around edges of claypans as a source of water. Breeding. Reproduction is probably largely opportunistic and aseasonal, with high reproductive output from near-continuous breeding after periods of high rainfall; reported littersize is 1-5, most commonly three; gestation period 38-43 days for nonlactating females. Females may mature later than other hopping mice, with reproductive maturity reached at about six months. Activity patterns. Terrestrial and nocturnal. Fawn Hopping Mice shelter during day in burrow systems that are typically simpler and shallower than those of other hopping mice. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Fawn Hopping Mice generally live singly or in small groups; typically uncommon within range, but population density may increase by an order of magnitude following periods of high rainfall. Status and Conservation. Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Fawn Hopping Mouse has shown marked decline in range (estimated at greater than 50%), and presumably population size, since European settlement of Australia. This is mostlikely due to predation by the introduced house cat and Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes), and to habitat degradation associated with pastoralism. Bibliography. Brazenor (1934), Burbidge et al. (2008), Finlayson (1939), Gould (1853), Jackson & Groves (2015), Murray et al. (1999), Ogilby (1892), Thomas (1921h), Van Dyck & Strahan (2008), Waite (1898), Watts & Aslin (1981), Woinarski et al. (2014), Wood Jones (1925).
Distribution. Known only from Bele River valley, vicinity of Lake Habbema, WC New Guinea; it may occur on Mt Minni, Star Mts, but capture of a living animal is needed to confirm species identity. in Muridae
Distribution. Known only from Bele River valley, vicinity of Lake Habbema, WC New Guinea; it may occur on Mt Minni, Star Mts, but capture of a living animal is needed to confirm species identity.
Distribution. Recorded as living animal from the vicinity of Lake Habbema (3225 m) and an area close to Mt Trikora, WC New Guinea. Late Quaternary subfossils reported (as Hydromys habbema) from Kelangurr Cave and from alluvial terrace of West Baliem River, at 280-2950 m,Papua Province. Tentative record of habbema from a fissure deposit at 3450 m on Mt Jaya requires confirmation. in Muridae
Distribution. Recorded as living animal from the vicinity of Lake Habbema (3225 m) and an area close to Mt Trikora, WC New Guinea. Late Quaternary subfossils reported (as Hydromys habbema) from Kelangurr Cave and from alluvial terrace of West Baliem River, at 280-2950 m,Papua Province. Tentative record of habbema from a fissure deposit at 3450 m on Mt Jaya requires confirmation.
Favoring recruitment as a conservation strategy to improve the resilience of long-lived reptile populations: insights from a population viability analysis
<p>In long-lived species, although adult survival typically has the highest elasticity, temporal variations in less canalized demographic parameters are the main drivers of population dynamics. Targeting recruitment rates may thus be the most effective strategy to manage these species. We analyzed 1136 capture–recapture histories collected over 9 years in an isolated population of the critically endangered Lesser Antillean iguana, using a robust-design Pradel model to estimate adult survival and recruitment rates. From an adult population size estimated at 928 in 2013, we found a yearly decline of 4% over the 8-year period. As expected under the canalization hypothesis for a long-lived species, adult survival was high and constant, with little possibility for improvement, whereas the recruitment rate varied over time and likely drove the observed population decline. We then used a prospective perturbation analysis to explore whether managing the species' immature cohorts would at least slow the population decline. The prospective perturbation analysis suggested that a significant and sustained conservation effort would be needed to achieve a recruitment rate high enough to slow the population decline. We posit that the high recruitment rate achieved in 2014 – likely due to the maintenance in 2012 of the main nesting sites used by this population – would be sufficient to slow this population's decline if it was sustained each year. Based on the results of diverse pilot studies we conducted, we identified the most likely threats targeting the eggs and immature cohorts, stressing the need to improve reproductive success and survival of immature iguanas. The threats we identified are also involved in the decline of several reptile species, and species from other taxa such as ground-nesting birds. These findings on a little-studied taxon provide further evidence that focusing on the immature life stages of long-lived species can be key to their conservation.</p>
Figure 5 in Three new species of free-living marine nematodes from the central basin of the South China Sea
Figure 5. Setoplectus minor sp. nov. (a) Pharyngeal region of male, showing cephalic setae, amphid, and pharyngeal bulbs; (b) posterior region of male, showing spicule, gubernaculum and precloacal supplement; (c) anterior end of male, showing cephalic setae, buccal cavity and amphid; (d) entire female, showing amphid, pharyngeal bulb and reproductive system. Scale bars: a, b, c = 10 µm; d = 20 µm.
Figure 4 in Three new species of free-living marine nematodes from the central basin of the South China Sea
Figure 4. Minolaimus distalamphidus sp. nov. (a, b) Anterior end of male, showing anterior sensilla and amphidial fovea; (c) cuticle in the middle of body, showing lateral differentiation; (d) cloacal region of male, showing spicule, gubernaculum and precloacal supplements; (e) posterior part of body. Scale bars: a, b, d = 20 µm; c = 10 µm; e = 50 µm.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.