Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
12,683
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
12,683 results for “tolerability”
Fig. 1 in Improvement of Pisum sativum salt stress tolerance by bio-priming their seeds using Typha angustifolia leaves aqueous extract
Fig. 1. Roots and shoots length, developed from primed seeds, at 0 and 120 mM NaCl, expressed in percent of control (seedlings developed from not primed (NP) seeds). Value (N = 4 ± S.E.). Different letters in columns indicate significant differences at p <0.05.
Fig. 9 in Improvement of Pisum sativum salt stress tolerance by bio-priming their seeds using Typha angustifolia leaves aqueous extract
Fig. 9. Total phenolic content (mg GA/g FW) in roots and shoots of seedlings developed from not primed (NP) and primed (P) pea seeds at 0 and 120 mM NaCl. The bars on each column show standard error. Value = average ± S.E., n = 4. Different letters on columns indicate significant differences among treatments at p <0.05.
Freeze-tolerance of poleward-spreading mangrove species weakened by soil properties of resident salt marsh competitor
<p class="MsoCommentText"><b>1. Background</b>: Increasing temperatures associated with climate change are shifting plant species to higher latitudes. Soil communities could aid the plants' shift into novel areas by harbouring fewer soil-borne antagonists or more mutualists that influence the fitness and stress tolerance of the shifting species. Alternatively, they could contain novel antagonists or fewer mutualists. Thus, soil communities could positively or negatively affect plant range expansion, particularly if they influence plants' responses to climate, such as freeze tolerance, that feedback to affect expansion.</p> <p class="CxSpFirst"><b>2. Methods: </b>We used the northward range expansion of the black mangrove<i>,</i> <i>Avicennia germinans</i>, into a system dominated by marsh cordgrass, <i>Spartina alterniflora</i><i>, </i>in northern Florida, USA to study how the novel soil environment (i.e., <i>S. alterniflora</i> soil) affects mangrove fitness, susceptibility to cold stress, and the colonization of mutualist fungi. We quantified abundance of root mutualistic fungi in mixed marsh-mangrove habitat and conducted a laboratory experiment to test effects of steam-sterilized and live soils from <i>A. germinans </i>and <i>S. alterniflora</i> on the growth, condition, fungal colonization, and freeze tolerance of <i>A. germinans</i> seedlings.</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>3. Results and Conclusions:</b> In the field, we found two times higher dark septate endophyte (DSE) colonization of <i>A. germinans</i> roots and three times higher fungal spore density in <i>A. germinans</i> soil compared to <i>S. alterniflora </i>roots and soil. In the laboratory experiment, seedlings in steamed <i>S. alterniflora</i> soil treatments had 50-65% survival after freezing, compared to 0% survival in treatments with live <i>S. alterniflora</i> soil. <i>A. germinans</i> live soil mixed with <i>S. alterniflora</i> steamed soil yielded <i>A. germinans</i> roots with the highest DSE colonization and seedlings with greater shoot biomass and lower root:shoot ratios. <i>S. alterniflora</i> live soil lowered the freeze tolerance of <i>A. germinans</i>, decreased mangrove survival, and depressed DSE colonization.</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>4. Synthesis:</b> <i>S. alterniflora </i>soil could impede <i>A. germinans</i> establishment in salt marsh communities. As climate warming gradually allows <i>A. germinans</i> to displace <i>S. alterniflora</i>, the rhizosphere could become increasingly hospitable to <i>A. germinans</i>. Our work suggests the soil community associated with resident species mediates climatic stressors to affect expansion success. </p> <p class="CxSpFirst"> </p>
Data from: The "tolerant chimpanzee" - towards the costs and benefits of sociality in female bonobos
Humans share an extraordinary degree of sociality with other primates, calling for comparative work into the evolutionary drivers of the variation in social engagement observed between species. Of particular interest is the contrast between the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and bonobo (Pan paniscus), the latter exhibiting increased female gregariousness, more tolerant relationships, and elaborate behavioral adaptations for conflict resolution. Here we test predictions from three socio-ecological hypotheses regarding the evolution of these traits using data on wild bonobos at LuiKotale, Democratic Republic of Congo. Focusing on the behavior of co-feeding females and controlling for variation in characteristics of the feeding patch, food intake rate moderately increased while feeding effort decreased with female dominance rank, indicating that females engaged in competitive exclusion from high quality food resources. However, these rank effects did not translate into variation in energy balance, as measured from urinary C-peptide levels. Instead, energy balance varied independent of female rank with the proportion of fruit in the diet. Together with the observation that females join forces in conflicts with males, our results support the hypothesis that predicts that females trade off feeding opportunities for safety against male aggression. The key to a full understanding of variation in social structure may be an integrated view of cooperation and competition over access to the key resources food and mates, both within and between the sexes.
Data from: Can we condition native plants to increase drought tolerance and improve restoration success?
A common method in ecological restoration is the outplanting of nursery-grown seedlings to the field, and with proper resources this technique can be highly successful. However, stressors such as drought may negatively impact plant performance and restoration success, especially in dryland ecosystems. Furthermore, increasing environmental change may hamper the ability of practitioners to restore native vegetation. A growing body of research suggests that exposing plants to a stressor may improve tolerance to subsequent stress events later in life. We sought to understand if such a phenomena could be exploited in order to improve plant drought-tolerance and aid native plant restoration in southern California. In a multi-phase experiment, we first exposed seedlings of native perennials to episodic drought, and then later compared the response of these plants to a second drought event to that of well-watered controls. We also transplanted replicates of both treatments to a restoration site in the field to test if exposure to drought as a seedling could improve plant performance. Plant species responded to drought differently, with species exhibiting the full range of positive, neutral, and negative responses to temporal variability in water stress. However, some species appeared to benefit from drought preconditioning, exhibiting greater growth and increased water-use efficiency compared to well-watered plants. This suggests that simple applications of stress treatments could improve plant growth and stress tolerance, but the success of this method is likely very species-specific. Restoration practitioners should consider conducting pilot studies with target plant species to better understand if this technique could assist in achieving restoration goals.
Negative relationship between thermal tolerance and plasticity in tolerance emerges during experimental evolution in a widespread marine invertebrate
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Whether populations can adapt to predicted climate change conditions, and how rapidly, are critical questions for the management of natural systems. Experimental evolution has become an important tool to answer these questions. In order to provide useful, realistic insights into the adaptive response of populations to climate change, there needs to be careful consideration of how genetic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity interact to generate observed phenotypic changes. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>We exposed three populations of the widespread copepod <i>Acartia tonsa </i>(Crustacea) to chronic, sub-lethal temperature selection for 15 generations. We generated thermal survivorship curves at regular intervals both during and after this period of selection to track the evolution of thermal tolerance. Using reciprocal transplants between ambient and warming conditions, we also tracked changes in the strength of phenotypic plasticity in thermal tolerance. We observed significant increases in thermal tolerance in the warming lineages, while plasticity in thermal tolerance was strongly reduced. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: Roads to isolation: similar genomic history patterns in two species of freshwater crabs with contrasting environmental tolerances and range sizes
Freshwater species often show high levels of endemism and risk of extinction owing to their limited dispersal abilities. This is exemplified by the stenotopic freshwater crab, Johora singaporensis which is one of the world's 100 most threatened species, and currently inhabits less than 0.01 km2 of five low order hill streams within the highly urbanized island city‐state of Singapore. We compared populations of J. singaporensis with that of the non‐threatened, widespread, abundant, and eurytopic freshwater crab, Parathelphusa maculata, and found surprisingly high congruence between their population genomic histories. Based on 2,617 and 2,470 genome‐wide SNPs mined via the double‐digest restriction‐associated DNA sequencing method for ~90 individuals of J. singaporensis and P. maculata, respectively, the populations are strongly isolated (FST = 0.146–0.371), have low genetic diversity for both species (also for COI), and show signatures of recent genetic bottlenecks. The most genetically isolated populations for both species are separated from other populations by one of the oldest roads in Singapore. These results suggest that anthropogenic developments may have impacted stream‐dependent species in a uniform manner, regardless of ubiquity, habitat preference, or dispersal modes of the species. While signs of inbreeding were not detected for the critically endangered species, the genetic distinctiveness and low diversity of the populations call for genetic rescue and connecting corridors between the remaining fragments of the natural habitat.
Data from: The costs of a big brain: extreme encephalization results in higher energetic demand and reduced hypoxia tolerance in weakly electric African fishes
A large brain can offer several cognitive advantages. However, brain tissue has an especially high metabolic rate. Thus, evolving an enlarged brain requires either a decrease in other energetic requirements, or an increase in overall energy consumption. Previous studies have found conflicting evidence for these hypotheses, leaving the metabolic costs and constraints in the evolution of increased encephalization unclear. Mormyrid electric fishes have extreme encephalization comparable to that of primates. Here, we show that brain size varies widely among mormyrid species, and that there is little evidence for a trade-off with organ size, but instead a correlation between brain size and resting oxygen consumption rate. Additionally, we show that increased brain size correlates with decreased hypoxia tolerance. Our data thus provide a non-mammalian example of extreme encephalization that is accommodated by an increase in overall energy consumption. Previous studies have found energetic trade-offs with variation in brain size in taxa that have not experienced extreme encephalization comparable with that of primates and mormyrids. Therefore, we suggest that energetic trade-offs can only explain the evolution of moderate increases in brain size, and that the energetic requirements of extreme encephalization may necessitate increased overall energy investment.
Arboreality drives heat tolerance while elevation drives cold tolerance in tropical rainforest ants
<p>Determining how species thermal limits correlate with climate is important for understanding biogeographic patterns and assessing vulnerability to climate change. Such analyses need to consider thermal gradients at multiple spatial scales. Here we relate thermal traits of rainforest ants to microclimate conditions from ground to canopy (microgeographic scale) along an elevation gradient (mesogeographic scale) and calculate warming tolerance in the Australian Wet Tropics Bioregion. We test the thermal adaptation and thermal niche asymmetry hypotheses to explain interspecific patterns of thermal tolerance at these two spatial scales. We tested CT<sub>min</sub>, CT<sub>max</sub>, and calculated CT<sub>range</sub> using ramping assays for 74 colonies of 40 ant species collected from terrestrial and arboreal habitats at lowland and upland elevation sites and recorded microclimatic conditions for one year. Within sites, arboreal ants were exposed to hotter microclimates and on average had a 4.2°C (95% CI: 2.7 – 5.6°C) higher CT<sub>max</sub>, and 5.3°C (95% CI: 3.5 – 7°C) broader CT<sub>range</sub> than ground-dwelling ants. This pattern was consistent across the elevation gradient, whether it be the hotter lowlands or the cooler uplands. Across elevation, upland ants had significantly lower CT<sub>min </sub>than lowland ants, whereas the change in CT<sub>max</sub> was less pronounced, and CT<sub>range</sub> did not change over elevation. Differential exposure to microclimates, due to localised niche preferences, drives divergence in CT<sub>max</sub> while environmental temperatures along the elevation gradient drive divergence in CT<sub>min</sub>. Our results suggest that both processes of thermal adaptation and thermal niche asymmetry are at play depending on the spatial scale of observation, and we discuss potential mechanisms underlying these patterns. Despite the broad thermal tolerance range of arboreal rainforest ants, lowland arboreal ants had the lowest warming tolerance and may be most vulnerable to climate change.</p>
Carbohydrate tolerance in Amazon tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) revealed by NMR-metabolomics - Are glucose and fructose different sugars for fruit-eating fish?
<p>In the present study, two approaches were followed to evaluate the metabolic responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), a frugivorous species, to intraperitoneal (IP) administration of glucose (GLU) and fructose (FRU) in fed (FED) and 10-day fasted (FAST) esh. Glucose and fructose tolerance tests were performed to assess the car- bohydrate utilization and complementary NMR-metabolomics analyses were done to elucidate the impacts of sugar mobilization on the metabolic proele of plasma, liver and muscle. Blood was sampled from FED groups at 0, 3, 6 and 24 h; and at 0 and 24 h from FAST groups. Significant differences were observed in the hypergly- caemic peak between sugars at 3 h (GLU - 13.7 ± 2.0 mM vs. FRU - 8.7 ± 1.1 mM; saline 6.3 ± 0.6 mM) and on the return to normoglycaemia (GLU - 8.5 ± 2.2 mM vs. FRU - 5.2 ± 0.9 mM; saline 4.9 ± 0.6 mM) 6 h after IP on the FRU esh. The NMR-metabolomics approach allowed to conclude that tambaqui seems to be more re- sponsive to the feeding regime (FED vs. FAST) than to the injected sugar (FRU vs. GLU). From the studied tissues, plasma showed no significant variations between feeding regimes at 24 h after IP, while muscle and liver re- vealed some variations on the enal metabolome proele between FED and FAST groups. The metabolome varia- tions between feeding regimes are indicative of changes on the amino acid utilization. Fish from FAST group seem to utilize amino acids as energy source rather than for protein synthesis and muscle growth. Variations on glucose concentration in muscle can also indicate different utilization of the sugars depending on the feeding regime.</p>
Wild strawberry shows genetic variation in tolerance but not resistance to a generalist herbivore
<p>Plants' defenses against herbivores usually include both resistance and tolerance mechanisms. Their deployment has predominantly been studied in either single plant genotypes, or multiple genotypes exposed to single herbivores. In natural situations, however, most plants are attacked by multiple herbivores. Therefore, aims of this study were to assess and compare effects of single and multiple herbivores on plant resistance and tolerance traits, and the consequences for overall plant performance. For this, we exposed multiple genotypes of wild woodland strawberry (<i>Fragaria vesca</i>) to jasmonic acid (JA), to mimic chewing herbivory and induce the plants' defense responses, then introduced the generalist herbivore <i>Spodoptera littoralis</i> to feed on them. We found that woodland strawberry consistently showed resistance to <i>S. littoralis</i> herbivory, with no significant genetic variation between the genotypes. By contrast, the studied genotypes showed high variation in tolerance, suggesting evolutionary potential in this trait. Prior JA application did not alter these patterns, although it induced an even higher level of resistance in all tested genotypes. The study provides novel information that may be useful for breeders seeking to exploit tolerance and resistance mechanisms to improve strawberry crops' viability and yields, particularly when multiple herbivores pose significant threats.</p>
F in Predatory behaviour of gekkonid lizards, Ptyodactylus spp., towards the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus, and their tolerance of its venom
F. 2. Adult male gecko, Ptyodactylus puiseuxi, from the Golan, handling scorpions, Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus (measured without the metasoma or 'tail'), in the observation arena. (a) Manipulating a 15 mm-long scorpion, after initial grabbing and releasing. (b) Grabbing an 11 mm-long scorpion crosswise. (c) This 13 mm-long scorpion was grabbed crosswise with pincers and tail jutting out, and after being held for 100 s is being swallowed. (d) Manipulation towards swallowing a 15 mm-long scorpion, after initial grabbing and releasing.
F in Predatory behaviour of gekkonid lizards, Ptyodactylus spp., towards the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus, and their tolerance of its venom
F. 1. Scorpions in the stomach contents of a gecko, adult female Ptyodactylus guttatus from Sede Boqer (from the material of Perry, 1979). The contents included 16 termites, three scorpions, three isopodes and two myriapodes (scale, cm and mm).
Positive genetic covariance and limited thermal tolerance constrain tropical insect responses to global warming
<p>Tropical ectotherms are particularly vulnerable to global warming because their physiologies are assumed to be adapted to narrow temperature ranges. This study explores three mechanisms potentially constraining thermal adaptation to global warming in tropical insects: 1. tradeoffs in genotypic performance at different temperatures (the jack-of-all-trades hypothesis) 2. positive genetic covariance in performance, with some genotypes performing better than others at viable temperatures (the 'winner and 'loser genotypes hypothesis) or 3. limited genetic variation as the potential result of relaxed selection and the loss of genes associated with responses to extreme temperatures (the gene decay hypothesis). We estimated changes in growth and survival rates at multiple temperatures for three tropical rain forest insect herbivores (<i>Cephaloleia</i> rolled-leaf beetles, Chrysomelidae). We reared 2746 individuals in a full-sibling experimental design, at temperatures known to be experienced by this genus of beetles in nature (<i>i.e.</i>, 10-35°C). Significant genetic covariance was positive for 16 traits, supporting the 'winner and 'loser genotypes hypothesis. Only two traits displayed negative cross-temperature performance correlations. We detected a substantial contribution of genetic variance in traits associated with size and mass (0-44%), but low heritability in plastic traits such as development time (0-6%) or survival (0-4%). Lowland insect populations will most likely decline if current temperatures increase beyond 2°C. It is concerning that local adaption is already lagging behind current temperatures. The consequences of maintaining the current global warming trajectory would be devastating for tropical insects. However, if humans can limit or slow warming, many tropical ectotherms might persist in their current locations, and potentially adapt to warmer temperatures.</p>
Figure 2 in Tun formation is not a prerequisite for desiccation tolerance in the marine tidal tardigrade Echiniscoides sigismundi
Figure 2. Desiccation tolerance of Echiniscoides sigismundi. Tardigrades were desiccated for a period of 48 hours from seawater (SW) and ultrapurified water (UPW). They were subsequently rehydrated in seawater from the locality and monitored at 5 min, 30 min, 2 h, 24 h, and 48 h post-rehydration. Mean ƚ SEM activity (N = 6) for SW-dehydrated tardigrades: 4 ƚ 2% (5 min post-rehydration); 56 ƚ 13% (30 min post-rehydration); 74 ƚ 9% (2 h post-rehydration); 99 ƚ 1% (24 h post-rehydration); 95 ƚ 2% (48 h post rehydration). Mean ƚ SEM activity (N = 6) for UPW-dehydrated tardigrades: 2 ƚ 2% (5 min post-rehydration); 19 ƚ 4% (30 min post-rehydration); 30 ƚ 4% (2 h post-rehydration); 99 ƚ 1% (24 h post-rehydration); 92 ƚ 3% (48 h post-rehydration). *Significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) between activity of SW- and UPW-desiccated tardigrades, at the given time point.
Figure 1 in Tun formation is not a prerequisite for desiccation tolerance in the marine tidal tardigrade Echiniscoides sigismundi
Figure 1. Scanning electron micrographs: A, active hydrated Echiniscoides sigismundi (frontal view); B, tun (dorsal view) formed during dehydration from seawater; C, E. sigismundi dried from ultrapurified water (dorsal view). Scale bars: 20 µm.
Figure 1 in Urban heronry birds tolerate human presence more than its conspecific rural birds
Figure 1. Flight initiation distance of Ardeidae birds (4 species) in urban (N = 253) and rural habitats (N = 217) was significantly different.
Banks grass mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) suppression may add to the benefit of drought-tolerant corn hybrids exposed to water-stress
<p class="CxSpFirst">Spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) outbreaks are common on corn grown in the arid West. Hot and dry conditions reduce mite development time, increase fecundity, and accelerate egg hatch. Climate change is predicted to increase drought incidents and produce more intense temperature patterns. Together, these environmental shifts may cause more frequent and severe spider mite infestations. Spider mite management is difficult as many commercially-available acaricides are ineffective due to the development of resistance traits in field mite populations. Therefore, alternative approaches to suppress outbreaks are critically needed. Drought-tolerant plant hybrids alleviate the challenges of growing crops in water-limited environments; yet, it is unclear if drought-tolerant hybrids exposed to water-stress affects mite outbreaks under these conditions. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to evaluate the effect of drought-tolerant corn hybrids on Banks grass mite, a primary pest of corn, under optimal irrigation and water-stress irrigation. This was followed by a 2-year field study investigating the effect of drought-tolerant corn hybrids exposed to the same irrigation treatments on Banks grass mite artificially infested on hybrids and resident spider mite populations. Results showed that water-stressed drought-tolerant hybrids had significantly lower Banks grass mite and resident spider mite populations than water-stressed drought-susceptible hybrids. Interestingly, water-stressed drought-tolerant hybrids had equal Banks grass mite populations to drought-susceptible and drought-tolerant hybrids under optimal irrigation. We posit that planting drought-tolerant hybrids may suppress spider mite outbreaks in water-challenged areas.</p>
Genomic shifts, phenotypic clines and fitness costs associated with cold-tolerance in the Asian tiger mosquito
<p>Climatic variation is a key driver of genetic differentiation and phenotypic traits evolution, and local adaptation to temperature is expected in widespread species. We investigated phenotypic and genomic changes in the native range of the Asian tiger mosquito, <em>Aedes</em> <em>albopictus</em>. We first refine the phylogeographic structure based on genome-wide regions (1,901 double-digest restriction-site associated DNA single nucleotide polymophisms [ddRAD SNPs]) from 41 populations. We then explore the patterns of cold adaptation using phenotypic traits measured in common garden (wing size and cold tolerance) and genotype–temperature associations at targeted candidate regions (51,706 exon-capture SNPs) from nine populations. We confirm the existence of three evolutionary lineages including clades A (Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos), B (China and Okinawa), and C (South Korea and Japan). We identified temperature-associated differentiation in 15 out of 221 candidate regions but none in ddRAD regions, supporting the role of directional selection in detected genes. These include genes involved in lipid metabolism and a circadian clock gene. Most outlier SNPs are differently fixed between clades A and C, whereas clade B has an intermediate pattern. Females are larger at higher latitudes yet produce no more eggs, which might favor the storage of energetic reserves in colder climates. Nondiapausing eggs from temperate populations survive better to cold exposure than those from tropical populations, suggesting they are protected from freezing damages but this cold tolerance has a fitness cost in terms of egg viability. Altogether, our results provide strong evidence for the thermal adaptation of <em>A</em>. <em>albopictus</em> across its wide temperature range.</p>
Social recapitulation: Moulting can restore social tolerance in aggressive spiderlings
<p>Dataset for Mauduit & Jeanson (2023). Social recapitulation: Moulting can restore social tolerance in aggressive spiderlings</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.