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3,136 results for “Terrestrialization”
Figure 11 in Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves
Figure 11. Xangoniscus aganju Campos-Filho, Araujo & Taiti sp. nov., ♂: A, uropod; B, pereopod 1; C, pereopod 2; D, pereopod 5.
Figure 14 in Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves
Figure 14. Leonardoscia hassalli Campos-Filho, Araujo & Taiti sp. nov., ♀: A, habitus, dorsal; B, noduli laterales b/c and d/c coordinates (b = distance of the nodulus lateralis from the posterior margin of the pereonite; c = length of the pereonite; d = distance of the nodulus lateralis from the lateral margin of the pereonite); C, cephalon, frontal; D, cephalon and pereonite 1, dorsal; E, cephalon and pereonite 1, lateral; F, telson; G, pereonite 1, nodulus lateralis, and dorsal scale seta; H, antennule; I, antenna.
Figure 8 in Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves
Figure 8. Spelunconiscus castroi Campos-Filho, Araujo & Taiti sp. nov., ♂: A, genital papilla; B, pleopod 1; C, pleopod 2; D, pleopod 3 exopod; E, pleopod 4 exopod; F, pleopod 5 exopod.
Figure 7 in Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves
Figure 7. Spelunconiscus castroi Campos-Filho, Araujo & Taiti sp. nov., ♂: A, uropod; B, pereopod 1; C, pereopod 7.
Figure 4 in Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves
Figure 4. Miktoniscus medcofi (Van Name, 1940), ♂: A, genital papilla and pleopod 1; B, pleopod 2; C, pleopod 3 exopod; D, pleopod 4 exopod; E, pleopod 5 exopod.
Terrestrial water storage deficits during the GRACE and GRACE-FO gap
<p>This datasets provide predictions of the terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWSAs) during the 11-month gap (July 2017-May 2018) between the GRACE satellite and its follow-on GRACE-FO. The predictions were obtained by a hydroclimatic data-driven Bayesian convolutional neural network driven. The training period is April 2002-March 2014. Based on the predicted TWSAs, the terrestrial water storage deficit (WSD) dataset and its standardized version, the WSD index (WSDI) dataset, are also provided. </p> <p>The GIF animation depicts the GRACE and BCNN TWSAs in the 70 testing months (April 2014-June 2017 and June 2018-December 2020) and the 11-month gap (July 2017-May 2018).</p>
Figure 1 in Diversity of limno-terrestrial tardigrades of the Americas in relation to the Great American Biotic Interchange hypothesis (GABI)
Figure 1. Division of the Americas into the squares used in analysis: A, 25 X 25°; B, 10 X 10°. Gaps on the 10 X 10° map indicate lack of tardigrade data.
Figure 3 in Diversity of limno-terrestrial tardigrades of the Americas in relation to the Great American Biotic Interchange hypothesis (GABI)
Figure 3. Similarities of the faunas of North, Central and South America. Jaccard: A, 25 X 25° squares; B, 10 X 10° squares. Sorensen: C, 25 X 25° squares; D, 10 X 10° squares. Kulczynski: E, 25 X 25° squares; F, 10 X 10° squares.
Figure 6 in Three terrestrial Pleistocene coucals (Centropus: Cuculidae) from southern Australia: biogeographical and ecological significance
Figure 6. Body mass estimates for extant cuculids, using eight regression equations derived from Campbell & Marcus (1992); estimates are expressed as a proportion of published mean body mass for each species (Dunning, 2008; Erritzøe et al., 2012) (e.g. a value of 2 on the y-axis indicates that the estimated body mass is double the average for that species). Abbreviations: C., Centropus; E., Eudynamys; S., Scythrops.
Figure 9 in Three terrestrial Pleistocene coucals (Centropus: Cuculidae) from southern Australia: biogeographical and ecological significance
Figure 9. Subtrees of the phylogeny shown in Figure 8, showing differences in topology amongst the 16 shortest trees on which the consensus tree is based (topologies shown at A, B, C, and D were each recovered four times). Changes in the positions of Coua, Centropus phasianinus, Centropus violaceus, and Centropus maximus sp. nov. show that there was conflict in the relationships of the Centropus and Coua taxa.
Figure 4 in Three terrestrial Pleistocene coucals (Centropus: Cuculidae) from southern Australia: biogeographical and ecological significance
Figure 4. Referred material of Centropus bairdi sp. nov. from Leaena's Breath Cave, Nullarbor Plain, south-central Australia. Right tibiotarsus WAM 09.3.279 in cranial (A) and caudal (B) aspects; left tarsometatarsus WAM 09.3.280 in dorsal (C), plantar (D), and proximal (E) aspects; left tarsometatarsus of Centropus phasianinus MV B.12969 (F) in plantar aspect provided for comparison. Abbreviations: ccl, crista cnemialis lateralis; cf, crista fibularis; cl, condylus lateralis; cm, cotyla medialis; ei, eminentia intercotylaris; fg, facies gastrocnemialis; fdl, canal for tendon of m. flexor digitorum longus; fhl, canal for tendon of m. flexor hallucis longus; fpht, fossa parahypotarsalis medialis; fvp, foramina vascularia proximalia; ii, incisura intercondylaris; ps, pons supratendineus; se, sulcus extensorius; sf, sulcus flexorius; tfb, tuberculum m. fibularis brevis; ttc, tuberositas m. tibialis cranialis. Scale bars = 1 cm.
Figure 1 in Three terrestrial Pleistocene coucals (Centropus: Cuculidae) from southern Australia: biogeographical and ecological significance
Figure 1. Map of key localities mentioned in the text, showing the range of extant Centropus phasianinus, and showing landbridge connections between Australia and Melanesia at different Pleistocene sea level low-stands (–40 and –130 m) relative to modern sea level; (modified from Sahul and Sunda Shelf Basemap, CartoGIS CAP, 2013, Map 00-101; downloaded from http://asiapacific.anu.edu.au/mapsonline/base-maps/sunda-and-sahul-shelf, 08-05-2015).
Figure 8 in Three terrestrial Pleistocene coucals (Centropus: Cuculidae) from southern Australia: biogeographical and ecological significance
Figure 8. Phylogeny of cuculids, including the extinct Australian species, Centropus maximus sp. nov., based upon the 135-character osteological phylogeny of Hughes (2000); bootstrap consensus of 16 shortest trees (tree length = 308, consistency index = 0.59, retention index = 0.87); numbers above branches/nodes are bootstrap support values, expressed as percentages; taxon names in parentheses reflect current synonyms of taxa included in Hughes's (2000) original analysis.
Figure 7 in Three terrestrial Pleistocene coucals (Centropus: Cuculidae) from southern Australia: biogeographical and ecological significance
Figure 7. Simpson log ratio diagram of extinct and extant Centropus bones; zero line represents the standard species channel-billed cuckoo Scythrops novaehollandiae against which all values are calculated. Abbreviations: HL, humerus length; HP, humerus proximal width; HM, humerus midshaft width; HD, humerus distal width; UL, ulna length; CMCL, carpometacarpus length; KD, keel depth; CL, coracoid medial length; FL, femur length; FP, femur proximal width; FM, femur midshaft width; FD, femur distal width; TTL, tibiotarsus length; TTP, tibiotarsus proximal width; TTM, tibiotarsus midshaft width; TTD, tibiotarsus depth; TML, tarsometatarsus length; TMP, tarsometatarsus proximal width; TMD, tarsometatarsus distal width. Gaps in lines reflect absent data owing to incomplete specimens.
Figure 7 in Re-discovery and novel contributions to morphology and multigene phylogeny of Myxophyllum steenstrupi (Ciliophora: Pleuronematida), an obligate symbiont of terrestrial pulmonates
Figure 7. Phylogenetic tree based on the mitochondrial COI nucleotide sequences, showing the systematic position of M. steenstrupi isolated from the plaited door snail Cochlodina laminata. The class Colpodea was used as the outgroup. Bootstrap values for maximum likelihood conducted in IQTrees as well as posterior probabilities for Bayesian inferences conducted in MrBayes and Phycas were mapped onto the best scoring IQ tree. Dash indicates mismatch between maximum likelihood and Bayesian tree topologies. Sequences marked in red were obtained during this study. Fully statistically supported nodes are marked with red solid circles. GenBank accession numbers can be found in Supporting Information (Table S3). The scale bar denotes twenty substitutions per one hundred nucleotide positions.
Fig. 3. Terrestrial photographs from 1940 in Determining Type Locality Habitat and Historic Land Use at Current Sites of the Miami Tiger Beetle, Cicindelidia floridana (Cartwright) (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae)
Fig. 3. Terrestrial photographs from 1940 at the site of Barry University. Photographs provided by Barry University Archives and Special Collections.
FIGURES 21–24 in Description of a new diatom species-Microcostatus dexteri sp. nov.-from terrestrial habitats in southern Poland
FIGURES 21–24. Detailed SEM images of Microcostatus dexteri sp nov. (Figs 21, 24: scale bar = 1 µm, Figs 22, 23: scale bar = 2 µm).
FIGURES 2–20 in Description of a new diatom species-Microcostatus dexteri sp. nov.-from terrestrial habitats in southern Poland
FIGURES 2–20. Light microscopy images of Microcostatus dexteri sp. nov. in size diminution series (scale bar = 10 µm). Figs 15–20 SEM images of Microcostatus dexteri sp. nov. (Fig. 15: scale bar = 3 µm, Figs. 17, 20: scale bar = 4 µm, Figs 16, 18, 19: scale bar = 5 µm)
Ecomorphological relationships and invasion history of non-native terrestrial bird species on O'ahu, Hawai'i suggests ecological fitting during community assembly
The widespread introduction of species has created novel communities in many areas of the world. Since introduced species tend to have generalized ecologies and often lack shared evolutionary history with other species in their communities, it would be expected that the relationship between form and function (i.e. ecomorphology) may change in novel communities. We tested this expectation in a subset of the novel bird community on O'ahu, Hawai'i. By relating foraging behavior observations to morphology obtained from live birds at four sites across the island, we found many relationships between species' morphology and foraging ecology that mirrored relationships found in the literature for native dominated bird communities. Both movement and certain foraging behaviors were related to a species' tarsus to wing ratio. Further, bill morphology was related to gleaning, frugivory, and flycatching behaviors. The commonness of significant ecomorphological relationships suggests that, within O'ahu's novel bird community, form is strongly related to function. We hypothesize that ecological fitting likely played a major role in the assembly of this novel community conserving the relationships between form and function found in many other bird communities. To further support this hypothesis, we used niche data from EltonTraits 1.0 to determine if the establishment of bird species introduced to O'ahu was related to the distinctiveness of their ecological niche from the incumbent community. Introduced species were more likely to establish on O'ahu if their diets were less similar to the bird species already present on the island. Our results support the idea that ecological fitting is an important mechanism in shaping ecological communities, especially in the Anthropocene, thereby influencing novel community assembly and functioning.
OTU data and analysis files for interspecies comparison of Philippine terrestrial small mammal diets
<p>Island radiations represent unique evolutionary histories in unique ecological contexts. These radiations provide opportunities to investigate ecological diversification in groups that typically exhibit niche partitioning among their constituents, including partitioning of food resources. DNA metabarcoding produces finer levels of diet identification than traditional methods, allowing us to examine dietary niche partitioning in communities or clades in which species share superficially similar diets. Here we use DNA metabarcoding to investigate dietary niche partitioning in an endemic radiation of mammals in the Philippines. Our data reveal niche partitioning as well as phylogenetically-uncorrelated adaptive evolution in this small mammal community. Because 70% of the focal species belong to the tribe Chrotomyini, an endemic Philippine radiation of murid rodents that feed extensively on earthworms, this study sheds light on dietary adaptation and its role in the co-occurrence of closely related species. Our results reveal fine-scale resource partitioning within this community; our data provide compelling evidence for niche partitioning of diet that was masked by previous diet categories and will help in further dissecting the model adaptive radiation of endemic small mammals on Luzon. This study reinforces the notion that DNA metabarcoding can be a valuable tool for investigating both ecological relationships and evolutionary ecology at the community and phylogenetic level, respectively.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.