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Diet composition and selection of Père David's deer in Hubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve, China

Hubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve is an ideal place to restore the wild population of Père David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus). Understanding foraging ecology and diet composition is essential for assessing population development or establishing long-term effective conservation measures for endangered species. However, little is known about the diet composition of Père David's deer and its diet selection mechanism. In this study, we used stable isotope technology to investigate the diet composition of Père David's deer according to various tissues (i.e., fur, muscle, liver, heart, and feces) and seasons, and evaluated the correlation between the nutrient composition of plants and diet composition. Bayesian isotope analysis showed that the autumn and winter diet estimated by fur and fecal samples indicated a diet dominated by C3 grasses (42.7 to 57.2%, mean), while the summer diet estimated by muscle and liver samples was dominated by C3 forbs (30.9 to 41.6%, mean). The Pearson correlation test indicated that the contribution of winter diet composition reflected by fur and fecal samples was associated with correlations with crude protein (r = 0.666, P < 0.01) and soluble sugars (r = 0.695, P < 0.01). The results indicated that crude protein and soluble sugars were important factors influencing the winter diet selection of Père David's deer. In the context of the current reintroduction facing many challenges, such as habitat fragmentation, wetland degradation, and human disturbance, comprehensively evaluating the diet selection mechanism of Père David's deer under different resource specificities and temporal changes should be considered in the future.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

Dataset for publication Sikora P., Woliński P., Chougan M., Madraszewski S., Węgrzyński W., Papis B.K., Federowicz K., Ghaffar S.H., Stephan D. A systematic experimental study on biochar-cementitious composites: Towards carbon sequestration. Industrial Crops and Products (2022) 184, 115103

Open Dataset of: TG, XRD data and Origin file (*.opju) of particle size distribution, calorimetry, compressive strength (mortar + paste), water absorption coefficient/open porosity from publication Sikora P., Woliński P., Chougan M., Madraszewski S., Węgrzyński W., Papis B.K., Federowicz K., Ghaffar S.H., Stephan D. A systematic experimental study on biochar-cementitious composites: Towards carbon sequestration. Industrial Crops and Products (2022) 184, 115103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.115103 122758

Data from: Initial ecological change in plant and arthropod community composition after wildfires in designated areas of upland peatland

This dataset is published in conjunction with the publication of : Kelly, R., Montgomery, W. I., & Reid, N. (2022) Initial ecological change in plant and arthropod community composition after wildfires in designated areas of upland peatland. Ecology and Evolution, and contains the environmental, botanical and entomological datasets underpinning the analysis contained there in. Additionally, it contains datasets on seedbanks and bird species which were collected as part of the Northern Ireland Environment Agency funded project 'Quantifying the impact of wildfires in the Northern Ireland' from 2012 to 2015 (see: <a href="https://www.daera-ni.gov.uk/publications/quantifying-impact-wildfires-northern-ireland-final-report-2016">https://www.daera-ni.gov.uk/publications/quantifying-impact-wildfires-northern-ireland-final-report-2016</a>) This data underpins the following publications which discuss the impacts of wildfires at these key upland sites in Northern Ireland: <ul> <li>Kelly, R., Boston, E., Montgomery, W. I., & Reid, N. (2016). The role of the seed bank in recovery of temperate heath and blanket bog following wildfires. Applied Vegetation Science, 19(4), 620-633. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12242">https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12242</a> </li> <li>Kelly, R., Montgomery, W. I., & Reid, N. (2018). Differences in soil chemistry remain following wildfires on temperate heath and blanket bog sites of conservation concern. Geoderma, 315, 20-26. - <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.11.016" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="Persistent link using digital object identifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.11.016</a> </li> <li>Reid, N., Kelly, R. & Montgomery, W.I. (2022) Impact of wildfires on ecosystems and bird communities on designated areas of blanket bog and heath. Bird Study (In press)</li> <li>Kelly, R., Montgomery, W. I., & Reid, N. (2022) Initial ecological change in plant and arthropod community composition after wildfires in designated areas of upland peatland. Ecology and Evolution. (In press)</li> </ul> Data were collected and collated by Ruth Kelly (ruth.kelly@afbini.gov.uk/ruthkelly123@gmail.com) in collaboration with Dr. Neil Reid, Dr. Emma Boston, Prof. W.I. Montgomery (Queen's University Belfast) and Dr. Damian Mc Ferran (National Museums of Northern Ireland). We are also very grateful to Roy Anderson, Orla McLaughlin, Anna Hart, Rachel Hamill, Adam Mantell, Tony Smith, Joanne Denyer and Richard Weyl for their expertise and assistance in species identification, and to Gillian Riddell, Caroline Finlay, Florentine Spaans, Jeremy Adelard, Marion Chapalain, Alice McPherson, Claire McVeigh, Amber Woods and Rachel Hamill for assistance and expertise in the laboratory and field.

Effects of Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma polysaccharide on intestinal microbiota composition in rats with mammary gland hyperplasia

Background: In recent years, Mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH) has been considered to be one of the diseases caused by endocrine disorders. It has been shown that diseases caused by endocrine disorders can be treated by regulating intestinal microbial. As a commonly used medicine in clinical practice, Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma has good functions in regulating intestinal homeostasis. Therefore, this paper studied the effect of Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma polysaccharide (AMP), on the intestinal flora of MGH rats, providing a new idea for polysaccharide treatment of MGH. Materials and methods: Eighteen female SD rats were selected and randomly divided into three groups, blank control group (Con), model control group (Mod) and AMP group, six rats in each group. MGH rat models were established by estradiol-progesterone combination and treated with AMP gastric infusion. The levels of E2, P and PRL in the serum of rats were measured, the intestinal contents were collected, and 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes of intestinal flora in the MGH rats. Results: AMP has good therapeutic effects on MGH rats, decreasing estradiol (E2) and prolactin (PRL) levels and increasing progesterone (P) levels, at the same time, it can regulate the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora of MGH rats, improve the disorder of intestinal flora caused by MGH and change the community structure, increase the abundance of beneficial flora and decrease the abundance of pathogenic flora. Conclusion: AMP can improve the intestinal microbiological environment of MGH rats, maintain the microecological balance of intestinal microbial, and improve MGH symptoms.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

Identifying serpentine minerals by their chemical compositions with machine learning (dataset and python code)

The dataset and python code for the manuscript of Identifying serpentine minerals by their chemical compositions with machine learning (submitted to American Geologist)

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

Multi-agent multi-mode composite task allocation problem (MACTA) instances

Contents This repository contains all the instances of Multi-agent multi-mode composite task allocation problem (MACTA) used in the AAMAS paper [Picard, 2023]. Instances are provided as json files (one per instance), following the provided schema (see <code>macta_schema.json</code>). Files are contained in subdirectories following the <code><n>_modes/<m>_requests_per_user/instance_.json</code> pattern, where <code><n></code> is the number of modes per requests (1 or 5), <code><m></code> is the number of requests per user (between 2 and 30 by step of 2), and <code></code> is the instance number. Acknowledgements This work has been performed with the support of the French government in the context of the "Programme d'Invertissements d'Avenir", namely by the BPI PSPC LiChIE project (Lion Chaine Image Elargie), coordinated by Airbus Defence and Space. References Picard, G. (2023). Multi-agent consensus-based bundle allocation for multi-mode composite tasks. In International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS-23). IFAAMAS.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

Biomarker indices and concentrations and biomarker-based temperature estimates from the Iberian Margin core MD95-2042, composite atmospheric temperature record from Greenland, and stacks of delta 18Oice and atmospheric temperature records from three Antarctic sites

Core MD95-2042 alkenone and GDGT data: This dataset provides the following information for core MD95-2042: depth, age, summed OH-GDGT, iGDGT, and di-unsaturated and tri-unsaturated C37 alkenone concentrations, OH-GDGT-based, iGDGT-based, and alkenone-based paleothermometric indices, GDGT-2/GDGT-3 ratio, and biomarker-based sea surface temperature (SST) and 0‐ to 200‐m sea temperature (subT; gamma function probability distribution for target temperatures with a = 4.5 and b = 15) estimates. Sediment samples were taken every 5 cm from core MD95-2042 and homogenized before lipid extraction. The lipid extracts were splitted into two fractions: one for alkenone analysis by gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector, and the other for GDGT analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. All GDGT analyses were done in duplicate. The 1σ analytical uncertainties from 37 replicate analyses of the core catcher sample from core MD95-2042 are 0.007 (0.4 °C) for RI-OH, 0.008 (0.2 °C) for RI-OH′, 0.003 (0.2 °C) for TEX86, 0.238 for GDGT-2/GDGT-3, and 0.010 (0.26 °C) for UK′37. RI-OH′-SST estimates are from the following global calibration: SST = (RI-OH′ + 0.029)/0.0422 (Fietz et al., 2020). RI-OH-SST estimates are from the following global calibration: SST = (RI-OH − 1.11)/0.018 (Lü et al., 2015). TEX86H-SST estimates are from the following regional paleocalibration: SST = 68.4 × TEX86H + 33.0 (Darfeuil et al., 2016). UK′37-SST estimates are from the following global calibration: SST = 29.876 × UK′37 − 1.334 (Conte et al., 2006). Bayesian calibrations were also used for TEX86-SST and TEX86-subT estimates (BAYSPAR; Tierney & Tingley, 2014, 2015) and for UK′37-SST estimates (BAYSPLINE; Tierney & Tingley, 2018). Alkenone data covering the 160–70 and 70–0 ka BP periods are from Davtian et al. (2021) and Darfeuil et al. (2016), respectively. GDGT data covering the 160–45 ka BP period are from Davtian et al. (2021). The age model of core MD95-2042 for the 160–43 and 43–0 ka BP periods was obtained by tuning to Chinese speleothems (Cheng et al., 2016) and by recalibrating existing 14C ages with the Marine20 calibration curve (Heaton et al., 2020), respectively. MIS, Marine Isotope Stage; GDGT, glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether; and N/A, not available. Greenland atmospheric temperature record: This dataset consists in a composite Greenland atmospheric temperature record, which was built with the following records: the GISP2 atmospheric temperature record by Kobashi et al. (2017) for the 10–0 ka BP period, the NGRIP atmospheric temperature record by Kindler et al. (2014) for the 120–10 ka BP period, and the NEEM atmospheric temperature record by NEEM community members (2013) for the 129–120 ka BP period. The NEEM temperature anomalies obtained by NEEM community members (2013) were shifted by –31 °C to obtain absolute air temperatures. The employed age model is the one of Davtian and Bard (2023) for Greenland and Antarctic ice-core records. Antarctic δ18Oice and atmospheric temperature stacks: This dataset consists in two stacks of three Antarctic records (EDC, EDML, and WD), one for δ18Oice and the other for atmospheric temperature: both stacks are provided with their stacking uncertainties. To build the Antarctic δ18Oice stack, the Antarctic δ18Oice records were resampled every 10 years before centering to zero means and normalization to unit standard deviations over the 140–0 ka BP period (68–0 ka BP for WD). To optimize the continuity between the portions with and without the WD ice core, the Antarctic δ18Oice records were centered to zero means over the 68–67 ka BP period. The resulting Antarctic δ18Oice records were then averaged and stacking uncertainties were calculated as the pooled standard deviation of the stacked Antarctic δ18Oice records divided by the square root of the number of stacked Antarctic δ18Oice records. The final Antarctic δ18Oice stack, expressed in &permil;, has the same standard deviation as the δ18Oice record from EDML over the 140–0 ka BP period, and has a zero mean over the 1–0 ka BP. The Antarctic atmospheric temperature stack was built like the Antarctic δ18Oice stack, except that the Antarctic δ18Oice records were corrected for seawater δ18Oice variations before conversion into atmospheric temperature. The employed age model is the one of Davtian and Bard (2023) for Greenland and Antarctic ice-core records.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Diet composition of moose (Alces alces) in winter, Sweden

1. Differences in botanical diet compositions among a large number of moose fecal samples collected during winter correlated with the nutritional differences identified in the same samples (Mantel-r = 0.89, p = 0.001), but the nutritional differences were significantly smaller (p < 0.001). 2. Nutritional geometry revealed that moose mixed Scots pine Pinus sylvestris and Vaccinium spp. as nutritionally complementary foods to reach a nutritional target resembling Salix spp. twigs, and selected for Salix spp. browse (Jacob's D > 0). 3. Available protein (AP) and total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) were significantly correlated in observed diets but not in hypothetical diets based on food availability. 4. The level of Acetoacetate in moose serum (i.e., 'starvation') was weakly negatively associated with digestibility of diets (p = 0.08) and unrelated to increasing AP:TNC and AP:NDF ratios in diets (p > 0.1). 5. Our study is the first to demonstrate complementary feeding in free-ranging moose to attain a nutritional target that has previously been suggested in a feeding trial with captive moose. Our results add support to the hypothesis of nutritional balancing as a driver in the nutritional strategy of moose with implications for both the management of moose and food resources.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2022View details →

Dataset for scanning electron microscopy based local fiber volume fraction analysis of non-crimp fabric glass fiber reinforced composites

SEM data sets, Matlab codes, and output from the local fiber volume fraction analysis from the publications: Mortensen, U.A., Rasmussen, S., Mikkelsen, L.P., Fraisse, A., Andersen, T.L. The impact of the fibre volume fraction on the fatigue performance of glass fiber composites used in the wind turbine industry, Composites Part A, submitted Dec 2022. Mikkelsen, Lars P., Fæster, S., Dahl, V.A. Dataset for scanning electron microscopy based local fiber volume fraction analysis of non-crimp fabric glass fiber reinforced composites. Data in Brief, Submitted, 2023. to where a reference should be given.  The files are structured in the following way. <ul> </ul> L1, L2: Low FVF cases 1 and 2; see the publication. H1, H2: High FVF case 1 and 2; see the publication. SEM images: <ul> <li>*.bmp: Single SEM scan</li> <li>*.bmp.hdr: settings for single SEM scan</li> <li>*.tif: Stitched SEM scan</li> <li>*.tif.hdr: settings for stitched SEM scan</li> </ul> *_BundleAnalysis.m: Script for manual segmentation of the individual bundles. <ul> <li>*.zip files: Functions used by the ..._BundleAnalysis.m scripts</li> <li>*-CURVES_AND_AREAS.mat: Matlab saving of bundle definitions used by the ...BUndlesAnalysis.m script</li> <li>*BWbundles.mat: Output from the _BundleAnalysis.m script</li> </ul> *.m: Local fiber volume fraction analysis script of SEM-scan based on output from BundleAnalysis tool <ul> <li>Figxx.png:  Reference to specific figures in the publications shown for all 4 cases</li> <li>Fig7.m: Matlab script for plotting figure 7</li> </ul>

nRCFV: A sequence, taxon and character state-normalised metric for the pre-reconstruction evaluation of compositional heterogeneity

Motivation Compositional heterogeneity – when the proportions of nucleotides and amino acids are not broadly similar across the dataset – is a cause of a great number of phylogenetic artefacts. Whilst a variety of methods can identify it post-hoc, few metrics exist to quantify compositional heterogeneity prior to the computationally intensive task of phylogenetic tree reconstruction. Here we assess the efficacy of one such existing, widely used, metric: Relative Composition Frequency Variability (RCFV), using both real and simulated data. Results Our results show that RCFV can be biased by sequence length, the number of taxa, and the number of possible character states within the dataset. However, we also find that missing data does not appear to have an appreciable value on RCFV. We discuss the theory behind this and the consequences of this for the future of the usage of the RCFV value and propose a new metric, nRCFV, which accounts for these biases. Alongside this, we present a new software that easily calculates both RCFV and nRCFV, called nRCFV_Reader. Availability and Implementation nRCFV has been implemented in RCFV_Reader, available at: <a href="https://github.com/JFFleming/RCFV_Reader">https://github.com/JFFleming/RCFV_Reader</a>. Both our simulation and real data are available in this dataset.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Preparation and tribological properties of multi-layer graphene/silicon dioxide composites-based solid lubricant coatings at elevated temperatures

The solid lubricating coatings have an important role in hot metal forming. However, traditional lubricants can't be applied to the harsh working conditions. In this investigation, the novel solid lubricant coatings including multi-layer graphene (MLG)/silicon dioxide (SiO2) composites and sodium metaphosphate phosphate were prepared. The high-temperature tribological properties of the solid lubricant coatings were investigated by friction and wear tester. The experimental results showed that SiO2 nanoparticles were evenly grafted by sol–gel method on the surface of MLG, forming MLG/SiO2 composites. MLG/SiO2 composites were presented excellent thermal stability at 800°C. In the range of 400–800°C, the average coefficient of frictions (COFs) were decreased from 0.3936 to 0.3663, and then increased from 0.3663 to 0.4226. Based on the analysis of wear scar, the lubrication mechanisms of the solid lubricating coatings were proposed. The low interlayer shear of MLG and the ball bearing of SiO2 nanoparticles are the main reason for the reduction of COFs. In addition, the tribo-chemical reaction film formed on the frictional interface could protect the contact surfaces from severe damages. The findings would be beneficial for developing novel lubricants for hot metal forming process.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

The data table of eleven invasive species in Hungary and Romania: Invasive species' cover, invasive species' traits, basic characteristics, trait composition, functional diversity indices and soil parameters of recipient plant communities

We studied 11 widespread herbaceous invasive alien species of East-Central Europe and their 16 impact metrics (resident plant communities' ecological characteristics, trait composition, functional diversity, and soil parameters) by sampling invaded and similar, uninvaded sites (space-for-time substitution method). Our aim was to (1) investigate the detailed ecological impacts of invasive plants on native plant communities; (2) explore the type of cover-impact relationships across impact metrics and their consistency across species; (3) study whether the cover-impact relationship depends on functional traits of invasive species. We present the data table with the 11 invasive species: the status of the sites (invaded, uninvaded), the cover of invasive species at plot level, the invasive species traits (lifespan, height, SLA, seed mass, clonal spread, flowering duration), community characteristics (species richness and diversity, native vegetation cover and bare ground cover at plot level), trait composition of native plant communities (native vegetation height, CWM height, CWM SLA, CWM seed mass, CWM clonal spread), functional diversity (functional richness, functional evenness, functional divergence, functional distance, RaoQ) and soil properties (N, P, organic C, pH).

Fig. 13 in A new family Tritogeniidae for the genera Tritogenia and Michalakus, earlier accredited to the composite Microchaetidae (Annelida: Oligochaeta)

Fig. 13. Kazimierzus sp., live specimen. Scale bar = 1 cm. (Photo by S. James)

Fig. 14. Microchaetus vernoni Plisko, 1992 in A new family Tritogeniidae for the genera Tritogenia and Michalakus, earlier accredited to the composite Microchaetidae (Annelida: Oligochaeta)

Fig. 14. Microchaetus vernoni Plisko, 1992, paratype, entire length 2.6 m.

Fig. 11. Michalakus initus Plisko, 1996 in A new family Tritogeniidae for the genera Tritogenia and Michalakus, earlier accredited to the composite Microchaetidae (Annelida: Oligochaeta)

Fig. 11. Michalakus initus Plisko, 1996, holotype.

Fig. 12. Microchaetus papillatus Benham, 1892 in A new family Tritogeniidae for the genera Tritogenia and Michalakus, earlier accredited to the composite Microchaetidae (Annelida: Oligochaeta)

Fig. 12. Microchaetus papillatus Benham, 1892, live juvenile specimen. (Photo by A. Armstrong)

Fig. 2 in A new family Tritogeniidae for the genera Tritogenia and Michalakus, earlier accredited to the composite Microchaetidae (Annelida: Oligochaeta)

Fig. 2. Tritogenia howickiana (Michaelsen, 1913), lectotype (ZMUH V-7658). Scale bar = 5 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2022View details →

An Evaluation of the Hydrolytic Stability of Selected Experimental Dental Matrices and Composites

Materials with potential use as dental restoration should be evaluated in an aggressive environment. Such accelerated aging is widely used in other industries and allows the assessment of service life. In the presented study, three neat resins (UDMA/Bis-GMA/TEGDMA 70/10/20 wt.%, UDMA/Bis-GMA/TEGDMA 40/40/20 wt.% and UDMA/Bis-EMA/TEGDMA 40/40/20 wt.%) and three composites based on these matrices were tested before and after aging protocols (I-7500 cycles, 5 °C and 55 °C, water and 7 days, 60 °C, 0.1 M NaOH; II-5 days, 55 °C, water and 7 days, 60 °C, 0.1 M NaOH). Flexural strength (FS), diametral tensile strength (DTS) and hardness (HV) were determined. Applied aging protocols resulted in a decrease in the value of the FS, DTS and HV. Larger changes were noticed for the neat resins. Materials in which the content of bis-GMA was lower or substituted by bis-EMA showed better resistance to degradation. The choice of mixtures with monomers characterized by lower sorption values may favorably affect hydrolytic stability. It was shown that for composites there was a drastic decrease in hardness, which suggests a more superficial effect of the used protocols. However, degradation of the surface layer can result in a growing problem over time given that the mastication processes are an inherent element in the oral environment.

opencc-by-nc-4.0Sep 2022View details →

Thermal and percolative analysis of 3D diffuse-interface composite microstructure

This dataset contains supplementary data and utilities of the publication "Data-driven thermal and percolative analysis of 3D diffuse-interface composite microstructure" (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2023.111746">Fathidoost, 2023</a>). This dataset documents homogenized anisotropic thermal conductivity of the corresponding microstructure (identified by volume fraction (Vf) and aspect ratio (Ar)) as a tensor with normalized interface thermal resistance (see Table 1). Voxelized digital microstructures and utilities are also attached for visualizing the overall thermal anisotropy. Table 1: The geometrical and thermal parameters employed in the generated microstructures. <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Parameters</th> <th>Value (Unit)</th> <th>Type</th> <th>Increment</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Minor principal axes length</td> <td>5 (nm)</td> <td>Constant</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Aspect ratio, \(A_\mathrm{r}\)</td> <td>[1 ,6]</td> <td>Linear</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Inclusion volume fraction, \(V_\mathrm{f}\)</td> <td>[5, 60]</td> <td>Linear</td> <td>5</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Thermal conductivity ratio, \(K_\mathrm{r}\)</td> <td>[15, 100]</td> <td>Linear</td> <td>15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Normalized interface resistance, \(\tilde{R}_\mathrm{s} \)</td> <td>[1e-6, 1e10]</td> <td>Logarithmic</td> <td>1e2</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Notice: The digital microstructure has been voxelized and stored in the ExodusII format, which can be loaded and visualized by the post-processing software, such as ParaView. In order to perform the homogenization, interface smoothening is required, i.e., to generate diffuse interfaces. In this work, we smoothened the interface by operating transient Allen-Cahn calculation with finite timesteps. Sec. 2.1 of the publication for more information).