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4,669 results for “Environment;”
A fine-grained dataset named iSOOD for sewage outfalls objective detection in natural environments
<p><strong>Basic Information:</strong></p> <p>The 10481 images in iSOOD were captured using UAVs and handheld cameras by individuals from the river basin in China. Our study has carefully annotated these images to ensure accuracy and consistency. The iSOOD has undergone technical validation utilizing the YOLOv5 objective detection model. The iSOOD have been publicly released after undergoing desensitization, with the goal of promoting interdisciplinary collaboration and accelerating advancements in the intelligence watershed management. We expect that the iSOOD dataset is anticipated to inspire further research on the SOs detection and the control of pollution migration paths, and serve as a fundamental resource for the use of advanced deep learning visual technology in environmental monitoring.</p> <p><strong>Usage Policy:</strong><br>If you plan to use our data in a scientific analysis paper, we strongly recommend contacting us in advance to seek opinions, and consider our contributions in the acknowledgments or as co-authors.</p>
Integrating the interconnections between groundwater and land surface processes through the coupled NASA Land Information System and ParFlow environment
<p>This is a dataset used in the paper entitled "Integrating the interconnections between groundwater and land surface processes through the coupled NASA Land Information System and ParFlow environment" by Maina et al., 2024</p>
Code and data for the paper Picozzi et al. 2024, Communications Earth & Environment (COMMSENV-23-1071B)
<p><span>We share the files for reproducing the results of the paper by Picozzi et al., 2024, “Event-specific Ground motion anomaly unveils the preparatory phase of large earthquakes during the 2016-2017 seismic sequence in central Italy” published on Communications Earth & Environment (COMMSENV-23-1071B).</span></p> <p><span>We provide the input file (dataset_for_GMM_2011_2015.mat) for calibrating the ground motion model by the script Calibrate_GMM_2011_2015.m</span></p> <p><span>We provide the inputs for Figures 4, 5 and 6 (input_figs4_5_6_VIS2016.mat, input_figs4_5_6_NOR2016.mat, and input_figs4_5_6_CAP2017.mat) to compute the eGMA and stress parameters by the scripts script_analyses_and_figures_VIS16.m, script_analyses_and_figures_NOR16.m, and script_analyses_and_figures_CAP17.m</span></p> <p><span> </span></p>
Supplementary Movies – Morphogenesis of bacterial colonies in polymeric environments
<p>Supplementary movies of the manuscript "Morphogenesis of bacterial colonies in polymeric environments".</p>
Use of Machine Learning in virtual learning environments: a bibliometric review
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Diversity and evolution of frog visual opsins: spectral tuning and adaptation to distinct light environments
<p>Datasets for the publication Diversity and evolution of frog visual opsins: spectral tuning and adaptation to distinct light environments.</p>
NOOS - Programming skills, notebook environment for sharing data and code
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Comprehensive dataset from high resolution UAV land cover mapping of diverse natural environments in Serbia
<p>This dataset consists of raw RGB and NIR images captured using the DJI Inspire 1 UAV equipped with interchangeable RGB and NDVI-modified cameras. Data were collected across 27 diverse study sites in Serbia, representing a variety of ecological and landscape features. The UAV flights followed pre-defined grid missions, capturing high-resolution imagery with a ground sampling distance (GSD) of 3–4 cm. The collected images were processed to produce georeferenced orthomosaics, which serve as the basis for detailed land cover classification and analysis.</p>
Where nature and poverty meet: developing a multidimensional environment-poverty measure
<p>Dataset for the article: where nature and poverty meet: developing a multidimensional environment-poverty measure by Schleicher et al., 2024</p>
Pesodu-periodic changes in the crust thinning at the Eastern Asia link to global surface environment evolution and biological distinction
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Pesodu-periodic changes in the crust thinning at the Eastern Asia link to global surface environment evolution and biological distinction
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Oxygen sensitivity of denitrification in the aquatic environments
<p>This dataset includes new measurements of denitrification (nitrate reduction to nitrite, nitrite reduction to N2O and N2) in response to manipulated oxygen concentration changes in Chesapeake Bay. Observations of oxygen sensitivity of denitrification in other aquatic environments (e.g., open ocean oxygen minimum zones) are compiled from previous studies for comparison. </p> <p>Please see the paper below for details:</p> <p>Tang, W., Fortin, S. G., Intrator, N., Lee, J. A., Kunes, M. A., Jayakumar, A., ... & Ward, B. B. (2025). Similar Oxygen Sensitivities of Different Steps of Denitrification in Estuarine Waters. <em>Environmental Science & Technology</em>. <span>59 (</span><span>14),</span><span> 7165–7175. </span><a title="DOI URL" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c02248">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c02248</a></p>
Data and Code for "Drift velocity of bacterial chemotaxis in dynamic chemical environments"
<p>Datasets and code required to recreate all results from "Drift velocity of bacterial chemotaxis in dynamic chemical environments"</p>
Seasonal particle responses to near-bed shear stress in a shallow, wave- and current-driven environment
<p>Novel analysis of in-situ acoustic and optical data collected in a shallow, wave- and current-driven environment enabled determination of: (1) particle characteristics that were most affected by near-bed physical forcing over seasonal scales, and (2) characteristic shear stress, t<sub>char</sub>, at which the rate of change to particle characteristics was most pronounced. Near-bed forcing and particle responses varied by season. Results indicated that moderate t<sub>char</sub> values of 0.125 Pa drove changes in particle composition during summer. In winter, particle concentration effects were most affected at t<sub>char</sub> of 0.05 Pa, suggesting dominance of fluff layer resuspension. Changes to particle size were most relevant during a biologically productive springtime period, with initiation of particle disaggregation occurring most commonly at t<sub>char</sub> of 0.25 Pa. These results suggest that it may be more important to parameterize t<sub>char</sub>, as opposed to critical shear stress for erosion, for sediment transport models.</p>
Social environment shapes female settlement decisions in a solitary carnivore
<p>How and where a female selects an area to settle and breed is of central importance in dispersal and population ecology as it governs range expansion and gene flow. Social structure and organization have been shown to influence settlement decisions, but its importance in settlement of large, solitary mammals is largely unknown. We investigate how the identity of overlapping conspecifics on the landscape, acquired during the maternal care period, influences selection of settlement home ranges in a non-territorial, solitary mammal using location data of 56 female brown bears (Ursus arctos). We used a resource selection function to determine whether females' settlement behavior was influenced by presence of their mother, related females, familiar females, and female population density. Hunting may remove mothers and result in socio-spatial changes prior to settlement. We compared overlap between settling females and their mother's concurrent or most recent home ranges to examine the settling female's response to the absence or presence of her mother on the landscape. We found that females selected settlement home ranges that overlapped their mother's home range, familiar females, i.e. those they had previously overlapped with, and areas with higher density than their natal ranges. However, they did not select areas overlapping related females. We also found that when mothers were removed from the landscape, female offspring selected settlement home ranges with greater overlap of their mother's range, compared with mothers who were alive. Our results suggest that females are acquiring and using information about their social environment when making settlement decisions</p>
Datasets used to support the work presented in: Beringer, C.J., K.W. Goyne, R.N. Lerch, E.B. Webb, and D. Mengel. 2020: Clothianidin decomposition in Missouri wetland soils. J. Environ. Qual. JEQ-2020-05-0167-TR
<p>Neonicotinoid pesticides can persist in soils for extended time periods; however, they also have a high potential to contaminate ground and surface waters. Studies have reported negative effects associated with neonicotinoids and non-target taxa, including aquatic invertebrates, pollinating insect species, and insectivorous birds. This study evaluated factors associated with clothianidin (1-[(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl) methyl]-3-methyl-2-nitroguanidine, CTN) degradation and sorption in Missouri wetland soils to assess the potential for wetland soils to mitigate potential environmental risks associated with neonicotinoids. Solid-to-solution partition coefficients (<i>K</i><sub>d</sub>) for CTN sorption to eight wetland soils were determined via single-point sorption experiments, and sorption isotherm experiments were conducted using the two most contrasting soils. Clothianidin degradation was determined under oxic and anoxic conditions over 60 d. Degradation data were fit to zero- and first-order kinetic decay models to determine CTN half-life, i.t<sub>0.5</sub>). Sorption results indicated CTN sorption to wetland soil was relatively weak (average <i>K<sub>d </sub></i>= 3.58 L kg<sup>-1</sup>); thus, CTN has the potential to be mobile and bioavailable within wetland soils. However, incubation results showed anoxic conditions significantly increased CTN degradation rates in wetland soils (anoxic average <i>t<sub>0.5</sub> </i>=27.2 d; oxic average<i> t<sub>0.5</sub></i> = 149.1 d). A significant negative correlation was observed between anoxic half-life values and soil organic carbon content (r<sup>2</sup>=0.782; <i>p</i>=0.046). Greater CTN degradation rates in wetland soils under anoxic conditions suggest that managing wetlands to facilitate anoxic conditions could mitigate CTN presence in the environment and reduce exposure to non-target organisms.</p>
Strong genotype-by-genotype interactions between aphid-defensive symbionts and parasitoids persist across different biotic environments
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>The dynamics of coevolution between hosts and parasites are influenced by their genetic interactions. Highly specific interactions, where the outcome of an infection depends on the precise combination of host and parasite genotypes (G × G interactions), have the potential to maintain genetic variation by inducing negative frequency-dependent selection. The importance of this effect also rests on whether such interactions are consistent across different environments or modified by environmental variation (G × G × E interaction). In the black bean aphid, <i>Aphis fabae</i>, resistance to its parasitoid <i>Lysiphlebus fabarum</i> is largely determined by the possession of a heritable bacterial endosymbiont, <i>Hamiltonella defensa</i>, with strong G × G interactions between <i>H. defensa</i> and <i>L. fabarum</i>. A key environmental factor in this system is the host plant on which the aphid feeds. Here, we exposed genetically identical aphids harbouring three different strains of <i>H. defensa</i> to three asexual genotypes of <i>L. fabarum </i>and measured parasitism success on three common host plants of <i>A. fabae</i>, namely <i>Vicia faba</i>, <i>Chenopodium album</i> and <i>Beta vulgaris</i>. As expected, we observed the pervasive G × G interaction between <i>H. defensa</i> and <i>L. fabarum</i>, but despite strong main effects of the host plants on average rates of parasitism, this interaction was not altered significantly by the host plant environment (no G × G × E interaction). The symbiont-conferred specificity of resistance is thus likely to mediate the coevolution of <i>A. fabae </i>and <i>L. fabarum</i>, even when played out across diverse host plants of the aphid.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Analysis of ancestry heterozygosity suggests that hybrid incompatibilities in threespine stickleback are environment-dependent
<p>Hybrid incompatibilities occur when interactions between opposite-ancestry alleles at different loci reduce the fitness of hybrids. Most work on incompatibilities has focused on those that are 'intrinsic', meaning they affect viability and sterility in the laboratory. Theory predicts that ecological selection can also underlie hybrid incompatibilities, but tests of this hypothesis using sequence data are scarce. In this article, we compiled genetic data for F<sub>2</sub> hybrid crosses between divergent populations of threespine stickleback fish (<em>Gasterosteus aculeatus</em> L.) that were born and raised in either the field (semi-natural experimental ponds) or the laboratory (aquaria). Because selection against incompatibilities results in elevated ancestry heterozygosity, we tested the prediction that ancestry heterozygosity will be higher in pond-raised fish compared to those raised in aquaria. We found that ancestry heterozygosity was elevated by approximately 3% in crosses raised in ponds compared to those raised in aquaria. Additional analyses support a phenotypic basis for incompatibility and suggest that environment-specific single-locus heterozygote advantage is not the cause of selection on ancestry heterozygosity. Our study provides evidence that, in stickleback, a coarse—albeit indirect—signal of environment-dependent hybrid incompatibility is reliably detectable and suggests that extrinsic incompatibilities can evolve before intrinsic incompatibilities.</p>
Mitochondria as environments for the nuclear genome in Drosophila: Mitonuclear GxGxE
<p>Mitochondria evolved from a union of microbial cells belonging to distinct lineages that were likely anaerobic. The evolution of eukaryotes required a massive reorganization of the two genomes and eventual adaptation to aerobic environments. The nutrients and oxygen that sustain eukaryotic metabolism today are processed in mitochondria through coordinated expression of 37 mitochondrial genes and over 1000 nuclear genes. This puts mitochondria at the nexus of gene-by-gene (GxG) and gene-by-environment (GxE) interactions that sustain life. Here we use a Drosophila model of mitonuclear genetic interactions to explore the notion that mitochondria are environments for the nuclear genome, and vice versa. We construct factorial combinations of mtDNA and nuclear chromosomes to test for epistatic interactions (GxG), and expose these mitonuclear genotypes to altered dietary environments to examine GxE interactions. We use development time and genome wide RNAseq analyses to assess the relative contributions of mtDNA, nuclear chromosomes, and environmental effects on these traits (mitonuclear GxGxE). We show that the nuclear transcriptional response to alternative mitochondrial 'environments' (GXG) has significant overlap with the transcriptional response of mitonuclear genotypes to altered dietary environments. These analyses point to specific transcription factors (e.g., giant) that mediated these interactions, and identified co-expressed modules of genes that may account for the overlap in differentially expressed genes. Roughly 20% of the transcriptome includes GxG genes that are concordant with GxE genes, suggesting that mitonuclear interactions are part of an organism's environment.</p>
Spatiotemporal interactions of a novel mesocarnivore community in an urban environment before and during SARS‐CoV‐2 lockdown
<p>1. Studying species interactions and niche segregation under human pressure provides important insights into species adaptation, community functioning and ecosystem stability. Due to their high plasticity in behaviour and diet, urban mesocarnivores are ideal species for studying community assembly in novel communities.</p> <p>2. We analysed the spatial and temporal species interactions of an urban mesocarnivore community composed of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and the marten (Martes sp.) as native species, the raccoon (Procyon lotor) as invasive species, and the cat (Felis catus) as a domestic species in combination with human disturbance modulated by the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown effect that happened while the study was conducted.</p> <p>3. We analysed camera-trap data and applied a joint species distribution model to understand not only the environmental variables influencing the detection of mesocarnivores and their use intensity of environmental features but also the species' co-occurrences while accounting for environmental variables. We then assessed whether they displayed temporal niche partitioning based on activity analyses, and finally analysed at a smaller temporal scale the time of delay after the detection of another focal species.</p> <p>4. We found that species were more often detected and displayed a higher use intensity in gardens during the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown period, while showing a shorter temporal delay during the same period, meaning a high human-induced spatio-temporal overlap. All three wild species spatially co-occurred within the urban area, with a positive response of raccoons to cats in detection and use intensity, whereas foxes showed a negative trend towards cats. When assessing the temporal partitioning, we found that all wild species showed overlapping nocturnal activities. All species displayed temporal segregation based on temporal delay. According to the temporal delay analyses, cats were the species avoided the most by all wild species. To conclude, we found that although the wild species were positively associated in space, the avoidance occurred at a smaller temporal scale, and human pressure in addition led to high spatio-temporal overlap.</p> <p>5. Our study sheds light to the complex patterns underlying the interactions in a mesocarnivore community both spatially and temporally, and the exacerbated effect of human pressure on community dynamics.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.