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15,277 results for “GENETICS”
An assemblage-level comparison of genetic diversity and population genetic structure between island and mainland ant populations
<p>Island biotas provide unparalleled opportunities to examine evolutionary processes. Founder effects and bottlenecks, for example, typically decrease genetic diversity in island populations, while selection for reduced dispersal can increase population structure. Given that support for these generalities mostly comes from single-species analyses, assemblage-level comparisons are needed to clarify how (i) colonization affects the gene pools of interacting insular organisms, and (ii) patterns of genetic differentiation vary within assemblages of organisms. Here, we use genome-wide sequence data from ultraconserved elements (UCEs) to compare genetic diversity and population structure of mainland and island populations of nine ant species in coastal southern California with respect to genetic diversity and population structure. As expected, island populations (from Santa Cruz Island) had lower than expected heterozygosity and Watterson's theta compared to mainland populations (from the Lompoc Valley). Island populations, however, exhibited smaller genetic distances among samples, indicating less population subdivision and a higher capacity for dispersal compared to mainland populations. Within the focal assemblage, pairwise F<sub>st</sub> values revealed pronounced interspecific variation in mainland-island differentiation, which increases with gyne body size. Our results reveal differences in genetic diversity and population genetic structure across an assemblage of interacting species, and illuminate general patterns of insularization in ants. Compared to single-species studies, our analysis of nine species pairs from the same island-mainland system offers a powerful approach to studying fundamental evolutionary processes.</p>
Supplementary data from: A genetic assessment of natural barriers for isolating a proposed Greenback cutthroat trout reintroduction area
<p>We used genetic techniques to evaluate a series of natural waterfalls for their potential to serve as barriers to prevent nonnative salmonids from entering a proposed reintroduction area for federally threatened Greenback cutthroat trout <em>Oncorhynchus clarkii stomias</em>. Genetic samples were collected from nonnative Brook Trout <em>Salvelinus fontinalis</em> at 11 sampling reaches above and below natural waterfalls (height: ~1-3 m under baseflow conditions) along a 33-km segment of Colorado's upper Cache la Poudre River near the outflow of the proposed reintroduction area. To evaluate whether upstream movement of Brook Trout is restricted by any of these waterfalls, we characterized longitudinal trends in genetic diversity along the river corridor and examined patterns of genetic differentiation and population structure in relation to waterfall locations using a panel of microsatellites. We found no evidence that the waterfalls served as complete movement barriers for nonnative Brook Trout based on genetic clustering analyses, estimates of population differentiation, and longitudinal genetic patterns. Our multi-locus assessment did not identify alleles restricted to downstream reaches, and the river segment was genetically homogenized. This evaluation suggests that the existing waterfalls do not fully prevent upstream movement by nonnative Brook Trout, and thus barrier modification would be needed to establish an isolated Greenback cutthroat trout population in the proposed wilderness area.</p>
Fig.1 in Testing The Microsatellites-Pcr Markers For Genetic Diversity Research Of Alien Ponto-Caspian Amphipod Pontogammarus Robustoides G. O. Sars, 1894
Fig.1. Localities of sampling sities in the Latvian reservoirs.
Fig. 1 in Genetic And Morphological Variability Of Small Vendace (Coregonus Albula (Linnaeus, 1758)) Population In Three Latvian Lakes
Fig. 1. The location of sampling sites. - Lake Sventes, Lake Nirzas and Lake Rāznas.
Fig. 6. RAPD band patterns and mean heterozygosity across S in MORPHOLOGICALAND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION OF SAXIFRAGA HIRCULUS L. (SAXIFRAGACEAE) POPULATIONS IN LITHUANIA Edita Meškauskaitė, Donatas Naugžemys, Donatas Žvingila, Jonas Remigijus
Fig. 6. RAPD band patterns and mean heterozygosity across S. hirculus populations in Lithuania
Fig. 2 in MORPHOLOGICALAND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION OF SAXIFRAGA HIRCULUS L. (SAXIFRAGACEAE) POPULATIONS IN LITHUANIA Edita Meškauskaitė, Donatas Naugžemys, Donatas Žvingila, Jonas Remigijus
Fig. 2. Variation in morphologic features of S. hirculus generative individuals in Lithuania
Fig. 1 in MORPHOLOGICALAND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION OF SAXIFRAGA HIRCULUS L. (SAXIFRAGACEAE) POPULATIONS IN LITHUANIA Edita Meškauskaitė, Donatas Naugžemys, Donatas Žvingila, Jonas Remigijus
Fig. 1. The location of S. hirculus research sites in Lithuan
Fig. 3 in MORPHOLOGICALAND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION OF SAXIFRAGA HIRCULUS L. (SAXIFRAGACEAE) POPULATIONS IN LITHUANIA Edita Meškauskaitė, Donatas Naugžemys, Donatas Žvingila, Jonas Remigijus
Fig. 3. Frequency distribution of runners per S. hirculus floral shoot in the studied populations
Fig.4 in Genetic Diversity Of (Brassica Napus L.) Spring Oilseed Rape
Fig.4. Analysis of Molecular Variance among cultivars and within cultivars
Figure 1 in Unveiling the genetic diversity of bicolored-spined porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae): a novel karyotype, population structuring, and evolutionary insights
Figure 1. Map of part of South America with collecting localities of C. bicolor specimens with sequences on the GenBank (Black circles), generated in the present study (triangle), others register of occurrences (white circles), and type locality (star). Gray area represents the Amazon Biome. ARG = Argentina, BOL = Bolivia, BRA = Brazil, PER = Peru.
Figure 4 in Unveiling the genetic diversity of bicolored-spined porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae): a novel karyotype, population structuring, and evolutionary insights
Figure 4. Topology of median joining on top of the map showing the current separation of C. bicolor populations by the rivers Ucayali and Beni/Madre de Dios. Circles are haplotypes and its dimension are proportional to the number of shared sequences. Numbers in the segments connecting the circles are nucleotide substitutions and black circle is the median vector. For haplotypes localities see figure 2. BOL = Bolivia, BRA = Brazil, PER = Peru.
Figure 3 in Unveiling the genetic diversity of bicolored-spined porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae): a novel karyotype, population structuring, and evolutionary insights
Figure 3. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree. Symbols near nodes represent Bootstrap values: black circles (90-100%), white circles (80-89%), white squares (70-79%), black square (66%). BOL = Bolivia, BRA = Brazil, COL = Colombia, ECU = Ecuador, GUF = French Guiana, MEX = Mexico, PAR = Paraguay, PER = Peru.
Figure 2 in Unveiling the genetic diversity of bicolored-spined porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae): a novel karyotype, population structuring, and evolutionary insights
Figure 2. Conventional stained karyotypes of Coendou (Sphiggurus) bicolor male LBCE21287 (above) and female LBCE21289 (below) from Brazilian Acre state with 2n = 52 and FN = 82. The X and Y are sexual chromosomes.
Study on the mating systems of wild rice Oryza rufipogon and O. nivara and their effects on population genetic variation
<p>As the wild ancestors of Asian cultivated rice,<em> Oryza rufipogon</em> Griff. and <em>O. nivara</em> Sharma et Shastry serve as valuable germplasms for rice breeding. Mating systems are important in shaping the level and pattern of population genetic variation, and are crucial for germplasm conservation. We genotyped 12 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers for a large number of maternal plants and seeds collected from <em>O</em>.<em> rufipogon</em> and <em>O. nivara</em> populations distributed in Southeast Aisa and South China. Based on the 12 SSR markers, we estimated the outcrossing rates and other parameters of the mixed-mating model for the two wild rice species. We also assessed the level of genetic diversity and population structure for parental populations of <em>O</em>.<em> rufipogon</em> and <em>O. nivara</em>. Our study could facilitate <em>in situ</em> and <em>ex situ</em> conservation, and the utilization of these valuable germplasm resources.</p>
Fig. 3 in Prevalence of a new genetic group, MEAM-K, of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Karnataka, India, as evident from mtCOI sequences
Fig. 3. Graph indicating net evolutionary divergence between groups of sequences.
Data from: Natural selection drives emergent genetic homogeneity in a century-scale experiment with barley
<p>Direct observation is central to our understanding of the process of adaptation, but evolution is rarely documented in a large, multicellular organism for more than a few generations. Here, we observe genetic and phenotypic evolution across a century-scale competition experiment, barley composite cross II (CCII). CCII was founded in 1929 with tens of thousands of unique genotypes and has been adapted to local conditions in Davis, CA, USA for 58 generations. We find that natural selection has massively reduced genetic diversity leading to a single clonal lineage constituting most of the population by generation F50. Selection favored alleles originating from similar climates to that of Davis, and targeted genes regulating reproductive development, including some of the most well-characterized barley diversification loci, Vrs1, HvCEN, and Ppd-H1. We chronicle the dynamic evolution of reproductive timing in the population and uncover how parallel molecular pathways are targeted by stabilizing selection to optimize this trait. Our findings point to selection as the predominant force shaping genomic variation in one of the world's oldest ongoing biological experiments.</p>
Collection data and molecular datasets for: Defining species-specific seed sourcing strategies for restoration: An example of how to use genetic data to inform seed collections for multiple co-occurring species
<p>Two files for each dataset are provided:</p> <p>Metadata files contain colelcting information for the samples in each molecular dataset as well as the group assignments (species, genetic neighbourhood and sites) used in analyses, saved as an excel spreadsheet.</p> <p>Molecular datasets containing samples and SNPs used in analyses. The data is formatted as a genlight object saved as an RData file that can be read into the R statisical environment and analysed using the 'dartR' package (Gruber et al. 2018).</p>
Figure 6 in Infraspecific genetic variation and population structure of Salvia nemorosa L. (Lamiaceae) in Iran
Figure 6. UPGMA tree of the studied populations based on Nei's genetic distance.
Figure 5 in Infraspecific genetic variation and population structure of Salvia nemorosa L. (Lamiaceae) in Iran
Figure 5. STRUCTURE plot of the studied populations of S. nemorosa based on k = 7 of ISSR results.
Figure 1 in PCR-RFLP Based genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax genotypes in district Mardan, Pakistan
Figure 1. Prevalence of four different alleles of Pvmsp-3α (A, B, C and D) from PCR-RFLP
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.