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6,175 results for “Composite”
Environment and genotype influence on Populus tremuloides condensed tannin composition
<p>This dataset contains concentration and molecular structural information (mean degree of polymerization, procyanidin:prodelphinidin ratios, stereochemistry) describing condensed tannins in <em>Populus tremuloides</em> (aspen) tree foliage in different genotypes and in response to altered environmental conditions (warming, freeze damage, ozone exposure, elevated carbon dioxide, elevated soil nutrients, altered soil microbiome, mammal browsing, and insect herbivory).</p>
Soil protist functional composition shifts with atmospheric nitrogen deposition in subtropical forests
<p><span>1. </span><span>Soil protist plays a key role in ecological functions through predation and parasitism. However, little is known about how nitrogen (N) deposition and seasonal variations influence soil protist function in forest soils. </span></p> <p><span>2. </span><span>Here, we assessed firstly the impacts of N deposition (control, 50 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>, 100 kg </span><span>N ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup></span><span>, and 150 kg </span><span>N ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup></span><span>) on the functional composition of the soil protist community in summer and winter, using amplicon sequencing of environmental DNA from a subtropical natural forest. </span></p> <p><span>3. </span><span>We found that soil protists were dominated by consumers (42.6–51.6%), followed by parasites (32.9–40.9%) and phototrophs (3.2–13.1%), implying a predominant role of consumers and potential top-down effects on the other trophic groups in subtropical forest soils. The functional composition of soil protists was greatly influenced by N deposition, but these responses were dependent on seasonal variations. The diversity of phototrophs was lower in summer than in winter. Instead, an opposite pattern was observed for consumers, resulting in a significantly higher protist diversity in summer than in winter, which indicates a greater sensitivity of soil protists to seasonal variations. Furthermore, low and high N deposition simplified the structural complexity of soil protist communities, suggesting a nonlinear response of the protist structural stability to N deposition.</span></p> <p><span>4. <em>Synthesis and applications.</em></span><span><em> </em>This study provides unprecedented evidence that season variation plays an important role in regulating responses of soil protist functional composition to N deposition, and highlights the nonlinear effects of rising N deposition levels on the soil food web. </span></p>
Seasonal concentrations and fluxes of dissolved, soluble, and colloidal Fe and dissolved organic matter amount and composition (DOC and PARAFAC)
<p>These datasets accompany the following manuscript:</p> <p>Logozzo, L.A.*, Hosen, J.D., McArthur, J., and Raymond, P.A. Distinct drivers of two size fractions of operationally dissolved Fe in a temperate river. Limnology and Oceanography.</p> <p>*Corresponding Author: Laura A. Logozzo, laura.logozzo@uleth.ca</p> <p>Datasets:</p> <p>1- Fe-DOM-EMMA-merged.xlsx: this dataset includes operationally dissolved (<0.22 µm), colloidal (0.02-0.22 µm), and soluble (<0.02 µm) DOC concentrations, total Fe concentrations, PARAFAC component scores <0.22 µm, and end-member mixing model scores <0.22 µm. Samples were collected approximately bi-weekly from the Connecticut River at Thompsonville from April 2018 to March 2020.</p> <p>2- Loadest-merged.xlsx: this dataset includes LOADEST-modeled daily-average and monthly-average fluxes of operationally dissolved (<0.22 µm), colloidal (0.02-0.22 µm), and soluble (<0.02 µm) Fe, DOC <0.22 µm, and allochthonous-like DOC <0.22 µm.</p> <p>All methodology is described in the accompanied manuscript.</p>
Molecular and 13C isotopic composition of diacids and related compounds in wintertime PM2.5 at three sites over Northeast Asia – Data set
<p>To investigate the spatial changes in atmospheric organic aerosols (OA) loading and composition over the northeast Asian region, fine aerosols (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) were collected at three sites: Tianjin (TJ), North China and in Padori (PD) and Daejeon (DJ), South Korea, during winter 2019. We studied the molecular distributions and compound-specific carbon isotopic composition (δ<sup>13</sup>C) of dicarboxylic acids (diacids), oxocarboxylic acids (oxoacids) and α-dicarbonyls as well as the carbonaceous and inorganic ionic components in two sets of selected samples, representing a clean and a polluted period, during the campaign. Based on the molecular distributions and δ<sup>13</sup>C of diacids and related compounds and mass ratios and linear relations of selected species, we discuss the origins of OA and the influence of long-range transported air masses on their loading and composition over Northeast Asia.</p>
Unpaired fast- and slow-acquisition microCT scans of carbon-fibre-reinforced composites
<p>data.zip contains tomographic images of carbon-fibre-reinforced composites with <a href="https://www.toraycma.com/wp-content/uploads/T700S-Technical-Data-Sheet-1.pdf.pdf">Toray T700S</a> fibres in a <a href="http://sicomin.com/datasheets/product-pdf1123.pdf">Sicomin SR8500 KTA313</a> epoxy matrix.</p> <p>The datasets accompany the paper <a href="https://doi-org.remotexs.ntu.edu.sg/10.1016/j.compscitech.2023.110278" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Deep-learning image enhancement and fibre segmentation from time-resolved computed tomography of fibre-reinforced composites</em></a>.</p> <p>They are used in a two-step process:<br>1) to train a 3DCycleGAN enhancement algorithm available on <a href="https://github.com/pvilla/3DCycleGaN">https://github.com/pvilla/3DCycleGaN</a>.<br>2) to train a UNetID segmentation algorithm available on <a href="https://github.com/CMG-KULeuven/UnetID-FibreSeg">https://github.com/CMG-KULeuven/UnetID-FibreSeg</a>.</p> <p>The tomograms were acquired at the TOMCAT Beamline at the Swiss Light Source in October 2021.</p> <p>Acquisition specifications:</p> <p>T700_GF_0p8um_1ms:</p> <ul> <li>detector: GigaFRoST</li> <li>effective voxel size: 800x800x800 nm³</li> <li># projections: 500</li> <li>exposure time: 1 ms</li> <li>total acquisition time: 500 x 1 ms = 0.5 s</li> <li>beam: polychromatic</li> <li>datasets: (same sample, different regions)<br>T700-T-21_GF_0p8um_1ms_1.h5<br>T700-T-21_GF_0p8um_1ms_2.h5<br>T700-T-21_GF_0p8um_1ms_3.h5</li> </ul> <p>T700_GF_1p6um_0p5ms:</p> <ul> <li>detector: GigaFRoST</li> <li>effective voxel size: 1600x1600x1600 nm³</li> <li># projections: 500</li> <li>exposure time: 0.5 ms</li> <li>total acquisition time: 500 x 0.5 ms = 0.25 s</li> <li>beam: polychromatic</li> <li>files: (same sample, different regions)<br>T700-T-21_GF_1p6um_0p5ms_1.h5<br>T700-T-21_GF_1p6um_0p5ms_2.h5</li> </ul> <p>T700_GF_1p6um_3ms:</p> <ul> <li>detector: GigaFRoST</li> <li>effective voxel size: 1600x1600x1600 nm³</li> <li># projections: 500</li> <li>exposure time: 3 ms</li> <li>total acquisition time: 500 x 3 ms = 1.5 s</li> <li>beam: polychromatic</li> <li>files: (same sample, different regions)<br>T700-T-21_GF_1p6um_3ms_1.h5<br>T700-T-21_GF_1p6um_3ms_2.h5<br>T700-T-21_GF_1p6um_3ms_3.h5<br>T700-T-21_GF_1p6um_3ms_4.h5<br>T700-T-21_GF_1p6um_3ms_5.h5</li> </ul> <p>T700_pco_0p4um:</p> <ul> <li>detector: pco.edge 5.5</li> <li>effective voxel size: 400x400x400 nm³ (scaled from 325x325x325 nm³)</li> <li># projections: 2000</li> <li>exposure time: 250 ms</li> <li>total acquisition time: 2000 x 250 ms = 500 s</li> <li>beam: 15 keV</li> <li>files: (different samples)<br>T700-T-02_pco_0p4um.h5<br>T700-T-08_pco_0p4um.h5<br>T700-T-21_pco_0p4um_reference.h5<br>T700-T-26_pco_0p4um.h5</li> </ul> <p>3DCycleGAN_trained_models.zip contains pre-trained models for the 3DCycleGAN enhancement algorithm.</p> <p>UnetID_trained_models.zip contains pre-trained models for the UNetID segmentation algorithm.</p>
DATA for Exploration of O-GlcNAc-transferase (OGT) glycosylation sites reveals a target sequence compositional bias
<p>Mass spectrometry data for identification of glycosylation sites in CBP ID3 and EWS LCRn</p> <p>Perl based implementation of glycosylation Site Predictor OGTcomPred</p>
FIG. 2 in Changes in functional and taxonomic diversity and composition of corticolous lichens in an altitudinal gradient in Colombia
FIG. 2. — Continuation.
Fig. 10 in Review Of The Helminths Of Carnivora (Mammalia) In Ukraine: Composition And Structure Of Helminth Fauna
Fig. 10. Cluster analysis of the helminth fauna similarity among six carnivoran species.
Fig. 1 in Review Of The Helminths Of Carnivora (Mammalia) In Ukraine: Composition And Structure Of Helminth Fauna
Fig. 1. Prevalence (%) of main groups of helminths in three species of wild Canidae in Ukraine.
Fig. 2 in Review Of The Helminths Of Carnivora (Mammalia) In Ukraine: Composition And Structure Of Helminth Fauna
Fig. 2. Number of helminth species found in three species of wild Canidae in Ukraine.
Dung beetle community composition affects dung turnover in subtropical US grasslands
<p>Dung beetle community data were collected from August 2018 – March 2023 on three ranches; Buck Island Ranch, Durando Ranch and Longino Ranch in Florida, USA. Traps were baited with either chicken feet (trap type c), or dung in balls wrapped in muslin (trap type b) or dung placed directly on a pitfall trap (trap type a). Sample sites that had greater than 20% tree canopy cover were classed as 'closed' and 'open' if in open pasture or if the sample site had less than 20% tree canopy cover. </p>
Dataset: Scatter of mechanical properties of 2D biaxial and triaxial braided reinforced composites and their correlation with visual features
<p>The data represents tensile tests of 2D braided biaxial and triaxial composite laminates. Braids were produced on a Herzog radial braiding machine RF 1-176-100 with carbon fiber yarns (Toho Tenax F13 HTS40 12K 800 tex). Test laminates are infused with a VARI process with the 2-component epoxy resin system Hexion RIM235/RIMH237. The infusion is performed at vacuum pressure leves of 20-30 mbar and the resin is cured at room temperature for 24 hours at a pressure level of 250 mbar. A subsequent post-cure step maximizes matrix properties at 70°C for 10 hours.<br> The braid setups have been chosen to achieve four different braids with a fiber angle of 45° on braid mandrels with a diameter of 120 mm, two biaxial ones and two triaxial ones. By using different sizes of braiding ring diameters and yarn forces, homogeneous and inhomogeneous fiber architectures are generated.<br> Braiding setups 1 (biaxial) and 2 (triaxial) with 130 mm braiding ring diameter and 350 g yarn force result in braids with homogeneous fiber architecture. 3 (biaxial, 400 mm braiding ring, 600 g yarn force) and 4 (triaxial, 250 mm braiding ring, 600 g yarn force) in braids with inhomogeneous scattering of visual characteristics. Single layers are braided on mandrels with a length of 1500 mm and laminates with 6 layers of biaxial and 4 layers of triaxial braids are subsequently infused.<br> Tensile tests are performed on a Schenck-Trebel RM250 universal testing machine according to AITM 1-0007. For each specimen, the individual fiber orientation in each layer is measured prior to infusion by image analysis performed on scans of the braided layers. The results show a strong dependence of the individual fiber orientation of single test specimens on their mechanical properties in case of the presented tensile tests</p>
Species phylogeny, ecology and root traits as predictors of root exudate composition
<p>In this study, a total of 65 neophytes (alien species introduced after 1500 A.D.), belonging to 51 genera and 25 families, occurring in the Czech Republic, were used. The species set represented plant families only from eudicots with Asteraceae, Brassicaceae Amaranthaceae, Polygonaceae and Fabaceae as the major families having 4 or more species. We measured different root morphological and biochemical traits (including exudate profiles) of these plant species grown in a controlled system. </p>
Data from: The interacting influences of competition, composition, and diversity determine successional community change
<p>Community change is one of the few constants in nature, and the balance of mechanisms influencing this change is central to understanding the structure and functioning of communities and ecosystems. Newly established communities undergo succession and can change in diversity and composition as local environmental change, interspecific interactions, and immigration play out over time. Understanding the influence of initial conditions and priority effects (long-term consequences of the initial community composition and species identity) on community change is critically important for both evaluating ecological theory and predicting restoration outcomes. </p> <p>Here I evaluate how initial experimental conditions in 2012, such as initial sown species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and early biomass production, along with priority effects caused by the identity of sown species, influence subsequent plant community composition and the number of colonizing species after nine years of uninterrupted natural colonization. </p> <p>I found that sown phylogenetic diversity (measured as mean pairwise distance) indirectly affected the number of colonizing species by increasing biomass production early on and plots with more biomass in 2012 were colonized by fewer species. Individual species influenced the number of colonizing species with taller species reducing the number of colonists and some shorter species increasing the number of colonists. </p> <p><em><strong>Synthesis</strong></em>: Taken together, these results indicate that initial composition influences the number of colonizing species via community-wide competition. These findings suggest that restoration outcomes can be greatly influenced by decisions about sown species composition and early management practices.</p>
Disruption of fish gut microbiota composition and holobiont's metabolome during a simulated Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanobacteria) bloom
<p>This archive contains the R code, QIIME2 script and datasets used to perform the analyses and figures in the manuscript.</p>
Fatty acid composition and content of seston, zooplankton, benthic invertebrates and fish in Lake Pyhäjärvi and Lake Köyliönjärvi
<p><span>We evaluated how cyanobacteria bloom, driven by agricultural eutrophication (defined as an increase in nutrients) or global warming, influence fatty acid profiles of phytoplankton, zooplankton (<em>Daphnia</em> + <em>Bosmina</em>), and fish (roach and perch) in eutrophic Lake Köyliöjärvi and mesotrophic Lake Pyhäjärvi. Regarding the nutritional value of food web components, we evaluated changes in the ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of phytoplankton and consumers at different trophic levels. We report the fatty acid results as percentages (%) and content (µg FA mg<sup>-1</sup> C<sup>-1</sup>).</span></p>
Correlations between dominant vegetation type and composition and diversity of soil bacterial communities in a subtropical forest
<p><span>Single and mixed vegetation types have significant effects on soil parameters and the composition and diversity of soil bacterial communities.</span><span> To understand the influence of different vegetation types on the structure of soil bacterial community across soil depth in a subtropical forest, we assessed the relative abundance of edaphic bacterial community and soil parameters, including pH, </span><span>cation exchange capacity</span><span> (CEC), and d</span><span>issolved organic carbon</span><span> (DOC) </span><span>in Daiyun Mountain Nature Reserve in Fujian Province, southeastern China. The study area constitutes pine coniferous forest (CF) of <em>pinus taiwanensis</em>, broad-leaved forest (BF) of <em>castanopsis fabri</em>, and a mixed forest comprising CF and BF (MF). Quantitative PCR and Illumina sequencing of 16S rDNA were used to analyze the abundance, diversity, and composition of soil bacteria. </span><span>The results showed that the pH, CEC and diversity of tree species are all associated with the composition of the bacterial community in the soil.</span> <span>It was found that CEC, soluble</span><span> organic nitrogen (</span><span>DON) and pH largely affected the structure of soil bacterial community in A horizon, whereas CEC, moisture content (MC) and </span><span>organic phosphorus</span><span> (OP) affected the structure of soil bacterial community in B horizon. </span><span>We found that the dominant taxa in the CF and BF were <em>Proteobacteria</em> and <em>Acidobacteria</em>, respectively. The results of both mental and random forest (RF) analyses displayed groups according to vegetation types, indicating that the bacterial communities in the research site were significantly influenced by vegetation types in subtropical forests. </span><span>The study highlights the ecological effects of forest management and elucidates the differences in the functional structure of soil bacterial communities under different vegetation types and soil depths.</span></p>
Chemical composition of DCH-67.55 cryptotephra glass shards from Lake Chala
<p>Mean composition data based on <em>n</em> single DeepCHALLA cryptotephra glass shard analyses of major and minor element oxides (by WDS-EPMA, <em>n</em>=32) and trace elements (by LA-ICP-MS, <em>n</em>=19). Also shown are compositions of secondary glass standards measured during the same instrumental runs, and their correspondence with approximate expected values for in-house Lipari glass and with GeoRem-preferred (pref. val.) or true values for MPI-DING glass secondary standards (Marshall et al., 2009; Scot and Skilling, 1999).</p>
Fig. 2. Tritogenia howickiana Kinberg, 1867 in The megadrile fauna (Annelida: Oligochaeta) of Queen Elizabeth Park, South Africa: species composition and distribution within different vegetation types
Fig. 2. Tritogenia howickiana Kinberg, 1867, the whole body of the lectotype. Scale bar = 5 mm.
Fig. 5 in The megadrile fauna (Annelida: Oligochaeta) of Queen Elizabeth Park, South Africa: species composition and distribution within different vegetation types
Fig. 5. Tritogenia howickiana, position of the spermathecae (Sp) in segments 12 and 13.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.