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Text-fig. 32. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Burgeria striata gen. et sp. nov. from a pollen clump; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Pollen clump that yielded the pollen in this Text-figure; b) Pollen surface showing fine striate ornamentation; c–e) Pollen grains showing broad distal colpus with distinct granular ornamentation and the undulating tectum perforated by scattered punctae; note the very different sizes of pollen grains in the same pollen clump. Specimen, TV44-S174620. Scale bars 300 Μm (a), 6 Μm (c–e), 1.5 Μm (b). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 32. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Burgeria striata gen. et sp. nov. from a pollen clump; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Pollen clump that yielded the pollen in this Text-figure; b) Pollen surface showing fine striate ornamentation; c–e) Pollen grains showing broad distal colpus with distinct granular ornamentation and the undulating tectum perforated by scattered punctae; note the very different sizes of pollen grains in the same pollen clump. Specimen, TV44-S174620. Scale bars 300 Μm (a), 6 Μm (c–e), 1.5 Μm (b).
Text-fig. 30. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Dejaxia brevicolpites gen. et sp. nov. from a pollen clump; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; pollen clump (possible single pollen sac) that yielded the pollen in this Textfigure; b, c) Group of almost spherical pollen grains showing the irregularly undulating psilate tectum and abundant orbicules; d–g) Pollen grains showing the short colpi with a granular aperture membrane (d, f) and the irregularly undulating psilate tectum with scattered small perforations; note abundant orbicules (g); h) Pollen grain in proximal view showing the irregularly undulating psilate tectum resulting from the depressions around the perforations in the pollen wall. Specimen, TV44-S137909 (holotype). Scale bars 300 Μm (a), 30 Μm (b), 12 Μm (c), 6 Μm (d–h). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 30. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Dejaxia brevicolpites gen. et sp. nov. from a pollen clump; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; pollen clump (possible single pollen sac) that yielded the pollen in this Textfigure; b, c) Group of almost spherical pollen grains showing the irregularly undulating psilate tectum and abundant orbicules; d–g) Pollen grains showing the short colpi with a granular aperture membrane (d, f) and the irregularly undulating psilate tectum with scattered small perforations; note abundant orbicules (g); h) Pollen grain in proximal view showing the irregularly undulating psilate tectum resulting from the depressions around the perforations in the pollen wall. Specimen, TV44-S137909 (holotype). Scale bars 300 Μm (a), 30 Μm (b), 12 Μm (c), 6 Μm (d–h).
Text-fig. 27. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen grains of Goczania rugosa gen. et sp. nov. in situ in dithecate, tetrasporangiate stamens; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Stamens in apical view (holotype a) showing the paired pollen sacs; c) Pollen grain from stamen fragment in (b) showing short aperture and rugulate-microechinate surface; d–f) Pollen grains from stamen fragment in (a) showing a folded distal aperture and rugulate-microechinate surface; note the orbicules of different sizes. Specimens, TV44-S136688 (holotype; a, c–f), TV44-S136664 (b). Scale bars 300 Μm (a,b), 6 Μm (c–e), 3 Μm (f). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 27. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen grains of Goczania rugosa gen. et sp. nov. in situ in dithecate, tetrasporangiate stamens; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Stamens in apical view (holotype a) showing the paired pollen sacs; c) Pollen grain from stamen fragment in (b) showing short aperture and rugulate-microechinate surface; d–f) Pollen grains from stamen fragment in (a) showing a folded distal aperture and rugulate-microechinate surface; note the orbicules of different sizes. Specimens, TV44-S136688 (holotype; a, c–f), TV44-S136664 (b). Scale bars 300 Μm (a,b), 6 Μm (c–e), 3 Μm (f).
Text-fig. 3. a–g, i, j: Quinquala obovata gen. et sp. nov., fruits from Wyoming and Oregon. a, b: Kisinger Lakes flora, Wyoming. a: Enlarged lateral view of split wing displaying venation along outer edge. Note the seed present in the locular area (arrow). UF 19376-60023b. b: Enlarged lateral view of split wing containing seeds within the locular area (arrow). UF 19376-60023c. c: Lateral view of fruit from White Cliffs, Oregon. UF 262-17690. d: Lateral view of fruit from West Branch Creek, Oregon. UF 229-53091. in Winged Fruits Of Rutaceous Affinity From The Eocene Of Western North America
Text-fig. 3. a–g, i, j: Quinquala obovata gen. et sp. nov., fruits from Wyoming and Oregon. a, b: Kisinger Lakes flora, Wyoming. a: Enlarged lateral view of split wing displaying venation along outer edge. Note the seed present in the locular area (arrow). UF 19376-60023b. b: Enlarged lateral view of split wing containing seeds within the locular area (arrow). UF 19376-60023c. c: Lateral view of fruit from White Cliffs, Oregon. UF 262-17690. d: Lateral view of fruit from West Branch Creek, Oregon. UF 229-53091.
Text-fig. 26. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of fruits of Appofructus gen. nov. and associated pollen grains; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Appofructus nudus gen. et sp. nov., lateral views of fruits (holotype figured in a) showing the ribbed surface, the poorly defined apical stigmatic area and short stalk; c, d) Appofructus sp. lateral view of fruit showing the absence of hooked hairs, the apical stigmatic area, the short stalk and pollen grain from the fruit surface (d); e–g) Appofructus nudus gen. et sp. nov., individual monocolpate pollen grains (f, g) from the group of pollen grains on the stigmatic surface (e). Specimens, TV44-S148143 (holotype; a); TV44-S148007 (b), TV38-S174610 (c, d), TV44-S148141 (e, f), TV44-S136687 (g). Scale bars 300 Μm (a–c), 60 Μm (e), 6 Μm (d, f, g). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 26. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of fruits of Appofructus gen. nov. and associated pollen grains; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Appofructus nudus gen. et sp. nov., lateral views of fruits (holotype figured in a) showing the ribbed surface, the poorly defined apical stigmatic area and short stalk; c, d) Appofructus sp. lateral view of fruit showing the absence of hooked hairs, the apical stigmatic area, the short stalk and pollen grain from the fruit surface (d); e–g) Appofructus nudus gen. et sp. nov., individual monocolpate pollen grains (f, g) from the group of pollen grains on the stigmatic surface (e). Specimens, TV44-S148143 (holotype; a); TV44-S148007 (b), TV38-S174610 (c, d), TV44-S148141 (e, f), TV44-S136687 (g). Scale bars 300 Μm (a–c), 60 Μm (e), 6 Μm (d, f, g).
Text-fig. 1. Distribution map for Quinquala obovata gen. et sp. nov. showing the Kisinger Lakes (KL) sites of the Tepee Trail Formation in Wyoming and Clarno Formation localities in Oregon – West Branch Creek (WBC) and White Cliffs (WC). in Winged Fruits Of Rutaceous Affinity From The Eocene Of Western North America
Text-fig. 1. Distribution map for Quinquala obovata gen. et sp. nov. showing the Kisinger Lakes (KL) sites of the Tepee Trail Formation in Wyoming and Clarno Formation localities in Oregon – West Branch Creek (WBC) and White Cliffs (WC).
Text-fig. 2. Quinquala obovata gen. et sp. nov., fruits from Kisinger Lakes flora, Wyoming. a: Lateral view of fruit on long pedicel. Note the two lateral wings and pair of longitudinal grooves representing wings extending into the matrix. UF 19376-60038. b: Lateral view of fruit on long, bent pedicel. Note the perianth scar at the base of the fruit (arrow). UF 19376-60023a. c: Lateral view of fruit on long, slightly bent pedicel. Note the pair of longitudinal grooves representing wings extending into the matrix, and in Winged Fruits Of Rutaceous Affinity From The Eocene Of Western North America
Text-fig. 2. Quinquala obovata gen. et sp. nov., fruits from Kisinger Lakes flora, Wyoming. a: Lateral view of fruit on long pedicel. Note the two lateral wings and pair of longitudinal grooves representing wings extending into the matrix. UF 19376-60038. b: Lateral view of fruit on long, bent pedicel. Note the perianth scar at the base of the fruit (arrow). UF 19376-60023a. c: Lateral view of fruit on long, slightly bent pedicel. Note the pair of longitudinal grooves representing wings extending into the matrix, and
Text-fig. 15. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of seeds of Pazliopsis reyi (a–c) and Anaspermum operculatum gen. et sp. nov. (d–j). a) Seed in lateral view showing poorly preserved remains of fruit wall and rough surface of the exotesta; b) Section through the wall of a broken seed showing palisade cells of the exotesta; c) Seed surface showing sunken very deeply sinuous outlines of the exotesta cells; d–f, h, i) Seeds in lateral view (holotype figured in d) showing the pointed micropylar-hilar area, the rounded chalazal end, the smooth surface of the exotesta composed of cells with sinuous cell outlines, and the distinct course of the raphe; g) Surface of the exotesta showing the distinctive cell outlines formed by the sinuous anticlinal walls of the palisade cells; j) Apical view of seed showing the prominent operculum. Specimens, TV43-S171534 (a), TV44-S136683 (b), TV43-S136745 (c), TV43-S136740 (holotype; d), TV43-S136746 (e), TV43-S136739 (f), TV43-S170083 (g), TV S136743 (h), TV43-S136742 (i), TV38-S174608 (j). Scale bars 300 Μm (a, b, d–f, h, i), 50 Μm (j), 30 Μm (c, g). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 15. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of seeds of Pazliopsis reyi (a–c) and Anaspermum operculatum gen. et sp. nov. (d–j). a) Seed in lateral view showing poorly preserved remains of fruit wall and rough surface of the exotesta; b) Section through the wall of a broken seed showing palisade cells of the exotesta; c) Seed surface showing sunken very deeply sinuous outlines of the exotesta cells; d–f, h, i) Seeds in lateral view (holotype figured in d) showing the pointed micropylar-hilar area, the rounded chalazal end, the smooth surface of the exotesta composed of cells with sinuous cell outlines, and the distinct course of the raphe; g) Surface of the exotesta showing the distinctive cell outlines formed by the sinuous anticlinal walls of the palisade cells; j) Apical view of seed showing the prominent operculum. Specimens, TV43-S171534 (a), TV44-S136683 (b), TV43-S136745 (c), TV43-S136740 (holotype; d), TV43-S136746 (e), TV43-S136739 (f), TV43-S170083 (g), TV S136743 (h), TV43-S136742 (i), TV38-S174608 (j). Scale bars 300 Μm (a, b, d–f, h, i), 50 Μm (j), 30 Μm (c, g).
Text-fig. 6. Fish remains from Volchaya Balka locality (Late Miocene, North Caucasus). a – Scardinius sp., SSC-RAS G-2/1, pharyngeal tooth of the first row, side view, occlusal view; b – Abramis cf. bjoerkna, SSC-RAS G-2/2, pharyngeal tooth of the first row: top – side view, bottom – occlusal view; c – Carassius sp., SSC-RAS G-2/3, pharyngeal tooth of the first row: top – side view, bottom – occlusal view; d – Alburnus sp., SSC-RAS G-2/4, fragment of pharyngeal bone (os pharyngicus inferius), medial view; e – Acipenser sp., SSC-RAS G-2/5, left hyomandibular: left – medial view, right – proximal view; f – Gobiidae gen. indet., SSC-RAS G-2/6, tail vertebra: left – lateral view, right – dorsal view; g – Gobiidae gen. indet., SSC-RAS G-2/7, dentary: top – medial view, bottom – dorsal view. in Late Miocene (Early Turolian) Vertebrate Faunas And Associated Biotic Record Of The Northern Caucasus: Geology, Taxonomy, Palaeoenvironment, Biochronology
Text-fig. 6. Fish remains from Volchaya Balka locality (Late Miocene, North Caucasus). a – Scardinius sp., SSC-RAS G-2/1, pharyngeal tooth of the first row, side view, occlusal view; b – Abramis cf. bjoerkna, SSC-RAS G-2/2, pharyngeal tooth of the first row: top – side view, bottom – occlusal view; c – Carassius sp., SSC-RAS G-2/3, pharyngeal tooth of the first row: top – side view, bottom – occlusal view; d – Alburnus sp., SSC-RAS G-2/4, fragment of pharyngeal bone (os pharyngicus inferius), medial view; e – Acipenser sp., SSC-RAS G-2/5, left hyomandibular: left – medial view, right – proximal view; f – Gobiidae gen. indet., SSC-RAS G-2/6, tail vertebra: left – lateral view, right – dorsal view; g – Gobiidae gen. indet., SSC-RAS G-2/7, dentary: top – medial view, bottom – dorsal view.
Text-fig. 5. Palynomorphs from Late Miocene deposits. Gaverdovsky section, North Caucasus. a – Abies minor ANANOVA; b – Picea sp.; c – Keteleeria cf. dubia CHLONOWA; d – Taxodiaceae gen.; e – Podocarpidites podocarpoides (THIERGART) KRUTZSCH; f – Pinus labdaca KRUTZSCH; g – Fagus cf. tenella PAN.; h – Juglans gracilis ANANOVA; I – Carya cf. spackmania TRAV.; j – Pterocarya sp.; k – Ulmus sp.; l – Zelkova cf. miocenica ANANOVA; m – Liquidambar sp.; n – Pediastrum simplex MEYEN; o – Spirogyra sp.; p – redeposited Palaeogene dinocyst Wilsonidinium lineidentatum (DEFLANDRE et COOKSON, 1955) LENTIN et WILLIAMS, 1976. Scale bar 40 μm for all photographs. in Late Miocene (Early Turolian) Vertebrate Faunas And Associated Biotic Record Of The Northern Caucasus: Geology, Taxonomy, Palaeoenvironment, Biochronology
Text-fig. 5. Palynomorphs from Late Miocene deposits. Gaverdovsky section, North Caucasus. a – Abies minor ANANOVA; b – Picea sp.; c – Keteleeria cf. dubia CHLONOWA; d – Taxodiaceae gen.; e – Podocarpidites podocarpoides (THIERGART) KRUTZSCH; f – Pinus labdaca KRUTZSCH; g – Fagus cf. tenella PAN.; h – Juglans gracilis ANANOVA; I – Carya cf. spackmania TRAV.; j – Pterocarya sp.; k – Ulmus sp.; l – Zelkova cf. miocenica ANANOVA; m – Liquidambar sp.; n – Pediastrum simplex MEYEN; o – Spirogyra sp.; p – redeposited Palaeogene dinocyst Wilsonidinium lineidentatum (DEFLANDRE et COOKSON, 1955) LENTIN et WILLIAMS, 1976. Scale bar 40 μm for all photographs.
Fig. 35. Left G1s. A–C, Planaja plana n. gen. n in Revision of the spider crab genus Maja Lamarck, 1801 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Majoidea: Majidae), with descriptions of seven new genera and 17 new species from the Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific
Fig. 35. Left G1s. A–C, Planaja plana n. gen. n. sp., holotype male (43.7 × 37.1 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; D, Planaja plana n. gen. n. sp., paratype male (38.3 × 30.7 mm) (ZRC 2013.1370), Philippines; E, Planaja plana n. gen. n. sp., paratype male (42.8 × 34.3 mm) (AM), Philippines; F–H, Ovimaja compressipes (as Maja brevispinosa, after Dai, 1981: pl. 1 figs. 8, 9); I–L, Ovimaja compressipes, male (49.6 × 39.6 mm) (ZRC 2008.1318), Taiwan. Scale bars = 1.0 mm [A, I]; 2.0 mm [F]; 0.5 mm [B–E, J, K]; 0.2 mm [G, H].
Fig. 34. General habitus. A, Planaja plana n. gen. n in Revision of the spider crab genus Maja Lamarck, 1801 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Majoidea: Majidae), with descriptions of seven new genera and 17 new species from the Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific
Fig. 34. General habitus. A, Planaja plana n. gen. n. sp., holotype male (43.7 × 37.1 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; B, Planaja plana n. gen. n. sp., paratype male (38.3 × 30.7 mm) (ZRC 2013.1370), Philippines; C–E, Ovimaja compressipes, holotype female (51.2 × 40.5 mm) (NHM 1860.15), China; F, Ovimaja compressipes (type of Maja linapacanensis Rathbun, 1916, 27.0 × 20.0 mm, USNM 48225), Philippines; G, Ovimaja compressipes, male (49.6 × 39.6 mm) (ZRC 2008.1318), Taiwan. A–C, F, G, overall dorsal views; D, antennae, antennules, orbit and epistome; E, thoracic sternum.
Text-fig. 1. Storchictis n. gen. miacinus (TEILHARD DE CHARDIN, 1915). Left hemimandible. a – buccal view, b – lingual view, in New Genus Of Amphicyonid Carnivoran (Mammalia, Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) From The Phosphorites Of Quercy (France)
Text-fig. 1. Storchictis n. gen. miacinus (TEILHARD DE CHARDIN, 1915). Left hemimandible. a – buccal view, b – lingual view,
Text-fig. 9. First upper molars of Parapodemus badgleyae sp. nov. (a–d) and Muridae, gen. et sp. indet. (e). a) YGSP 33936, holotype, locality Y 259, b) 33939 from Y 259, c) 34542 from Y 311, d) 34543 from Y 311, e) 34559 from Y 311. All molars but c are left molars, all figured with buccal side upward and at the same scale. in Early Late Miocene Murine Rodents From The Upper Part Of The Nagri Formation, Siwalik Group, Pakistan, With A New Fossil Calibration Point For The Tribe Apodemurini (Apodemus/Tokudaia)
Text-fig. 9. First upper molars of Parapodemus badgleyae sp. nov. (a–d) and Muridae, gen. et sp. indet. (e). a) YGSP 33936, holotype, locality Y 259, b) 33939 from Y 259, c) 34542 from Y 311, d) 34543 from Y 311, e) 34559 from Y 311. All molars but c are left molars, all figured with buccal side upward and at the same scale.
Text-fig. 4. Non-mammalian record from travertine of Gánovce-Hrádok Neanderthal site. a) Emys orbicularis s. l. (NM-Rv 21001), internal core of shell in dorsal view; b) Vipera berus (P-14297), partly articulated skeleton in dorsal view; c–e) Aves gen. et sp. (c: NM-Rv 21002a, d: NM-Rv 21002b; e: P-14292), feather impressions in travertine. All scale bars (except "b") are 50 mm, for "b" 10 mm. in Revised Floral And Faunal Assemblages From Late Pleistocene Deposits Of The Gánovce-Hrádok Neanderthal Site -Biostratigraphic And Palaeoecological Implications
Text-fig. 4. Non-mammalian record from travertine of Gánovce-Hrádok Neanderthal site. a) Emys orbicularis s. l. (NM-Rv 21001), internal core of shell in dorsal view; b) Vipera berus (P-14297), partly articulated skeleton in dorsal view; c–e) Aves gen. et sp. (c: NM-Rv 21002a, d: NM-Rv 21002b; e: P-14292), feather impressions in travertine. All scale bars (except "b") are 50 mm, for "b" 10 mm.
Text-fig. 6. Fossil endocasts of large mammals from Gánovce-Hrádok Neanderthal site. a) Equidae gen. et sp. indet. (NM-Rv 21008); b) Equidae gen. et sp. indet. (NM-Rv 21007); c) Equidae gen. et sp. indet. (NM-Rv 21006); d) Bovidae gen. et sp. indet. (NM-Rv 21009); e) Ursus ex gr. spelaeus (NM R-604); f) Ursus ex gr. spelaeus (NM-Rv 21010); lateral and dorsal (except for f: ventral) views; lateral view for d and f are inverted. in Revised Floral And Faunal Assemblages From Late Pleistocene Deposits Of The Gánovce-Hrádok Neanderthal Site -Biostratigraphic And Palaeoecological Implications
Text-fig. 6. Fossil endocasts of large mammals from Gánovce-Hrádok Neanderthal site. a) Equidae gen. et sp. indet. (NM-Rv 21008); b) Equidae gen. et sp. indet. (NM-Rv 21007); c) Equidae gen. et sp. indet. (NM-Rv 21006); d) Bovidae gen. et sp. indet. (NM-Rv 21009); e) Ursus ex gr. spelaeus (NM R-604); f) Ursus ex gr. spelaeus (NM-Rv 21010); lateral and dorsal (except for f: ventral) views; lateral view for d and f are inverted.
Text-fig. 5. Reyispermum parvum gen. et sp. nov. seeds from the Early Cretaceous Vale de Água locality, Portugal; Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, volume renderings). a) Holotype (S174178; Vale de Agua sample 141) in lateral view showing shape and cell pattern; remains of mounting media (¤). b) Cut volume rendering of seed (cut at yz0553) showing the slightly raised tissue immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum (arrow head) and palisade-shaped cells of exotesta. c) Apical view of seed showing hilar depression (hi), position of micropylar slit (mi) and the slightly raised raphal ridge (ra). d) Seed in lateral view showing raised tissue immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum (arrow head) (S174495, Vale de Água sample 300). e) Cut volume rendering (cut at yz0500) of the seed in (5d) showing the raised tissue (arrow head) immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum and sclerenchyma cells of exotesta. f) Detail of seed in (5d) showing micropylar slit (mi), hilum (hi) and raised tissue (arrow head) immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum. g, h) Seed in lateral view (g) and view towards raphe (h) showing seed shape, the raised tissue below hilum (arrow head) and the raphal ridge (ra); note pointed micropylar area (S174179, Vale de Água sample 141). i) Seed surface of seed in (5d) showing the raised outlines of the undulate anticlinal walls of the exotestal cells. Scale bars = 250 µm (a–e, g, h); 125 µm (f, i). in Extinct Taxa Of Exotestal Seeds Close To Austrobaileyales And Nymphaeales From The Early Cretaceous Of Portugal
Text-fig. 5. Reyispermum parvum gen. et sp. nov. seeds from the Early Cretaceous Vale de Água locality, Portugal; Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, volume renderings). a) Holotype (S174178; Vale de Agua sample 141) in lateral view showing shape and cell pattern; remains of mounting media (¤). b) Cut volume rendering of seed (cut at yz0553) showing the slightly raised tissue immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum (arrow head) and palisade-shaped cells of exotesta. c) Apical view of seed showing hilar depression (hi), position of micropylar slit (mi) and the slightly raised raphal ridge (ra). d) Seed in lateral view showing raised tissue immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum (arrow head) (S174495, Vale de Água sample 300). e) Cut volume rendering (cut at yz0500) of the seed in (5d) showing the raised tissue (arrow head) immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum and sclerenchyma cells of exotesta. f) Detail of seed in (5d) showing micropylar slit (mi), hilum (hi) and raised tissue (arrow head) immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum. g, h) Seed in lateral view (g) and view towards raphe (h) showing seed shape, the raised tissue below hilum (arrow head) and the raphal ridge (ra); note pointed micropylar area (S174179, Vale de Água sample 141). i) Seed surface of seed in (5d) showing the raised outlines of the undulate anticlinal walls of the exotestal cells. Scale bars = 250 µm (a–e, g, h); 125 µm (f, i).
Text-fig. 3. Pazlia hilaris gen. et sp. nov. (a–e) from the Early Cretaceous Famalicão locality (sample 025), Portugal (holotype, S175096) and Pazliopsis reyi gen. et sp. nov. (f–i) from the Early Cretaceous Torres Vedras locality, Portugal; Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, volume renderings a–f, i) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM, g, h). a, b) Seed in lateral (a) and oblique apical (b) views showing the truncate hilar-micropylar region; note prominent hilar scar (hi) and micropyle (mi) at the seed apex and the raphe (ra) seen as slightly raised ridge; remains of mounting media (¤). c) Cut volume rendering (cut at yz0647) showing course of raphe (ra), hilar scar (hi) and micropyle (mi); note the strongly radially elongated cells below the hilar scar. d) Seed in antiraphal view. e) Seed surface showing the raised undulate anticlinal walls of the exotestal cells. f) Seed enclosed in remains of thin-walled fruit (fr) (S174632, Torres Vedras sample 298). g) Holotype, seed enclosed in remains of fruit (fr); raphal view showing the faintly ribbed surface of the seed (S171534, Torres Vedras sample 043). h) Apical view of seed fragment showing hilar scar (hi), position of raphe (ra) and the ribbed seed surface (S136683, Torres Vedras sample 044). i) Seed surface showing the raised undulate anticlinal walls of the exotestal cells (S171534; Torres Vedras sample 043). Scale bars = 250 µm (a–d, f–h); 125 µm (e, i). in Extinct Taxa Of Exotestal Seeds Close To Austrobaileyales And Nymphaeales From The Early Cretaceous Of Portugal
Text-fig. 3. Pazlia hilaris gen. et sp. nov. (a–e) from the Early Cretaceous Famalicão locality (sample 025), Portugal (holotype, S175096) and Pazliopsis reyi gen. et sp. nov. (f–i) from the Early Cretaceous Torres Vedras locality, Portugal; Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, volume renderings a–f, i) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM, g, h). a, b) Seed in lateral (a) and oblique apical (b) views showing the truncate hilar-micropylar region; note prominent hilar scar (hi) and micropyle (mi) at the seed apex and the raphe (ra) seen as slightly raised ridge; remains of mounting media (¤). c) Cut volume rendering (cut at yz0647) showing course of raphe (ra), hilar scar (hi) and micropyle (mi); note the strongly radially elongated cells below the hilar scar. d) Seed in antiraphal view. e) Seed surface showing the raised undulate anticlinal walls of the exotestal cells. f) Seed enclosed in remains of thin-walled fruit (fr) (S174632, Torres Vedras sample 298). g) Holotype, seed enclosed in remains of fruit (fr); raphal view showing the faintly ribbed surface of the seed (S171534, Torres Vedras sample 043). h) Apical view of seed fragment showing hilar scar (hi), position of raphe (ra) and the ribbed seed surface (S136683, Torres Vedras sample 044). i) Seed surface showing the raised undulate anticlinal walls of the exotestal cells (S171534; Torres Vedras sample 043). Scale bars = 250 µm (a–d, f–h); 125 µm (e, i).
Text-fig. 1. Gastonispermum portugallicum gen. et sp. nov. seeds from the Early Cretaceous Famalicão locality (sample 025), Portugal; Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, volume renderings). Note remains of mounting media on several seeds (¤). a) Seed in oblique view showing seed shape, the slightly raised raphal ridge and the position of hilum (hi) and micropyle (mi) on the raphal side of the seed (S170218). b, c) Seeds in lateral view (b, S170234; c, S175095). d–f) Holotype (S174820); seed in lateral view (d) and cut volume rendering (e, f) through the median plane of the seed showing palisade-shaped sclerenchyma cells of exotesta and remains of embryo (emb) and surrounding nutritive tissue (e, cut between yz0440-0530; f, cut between slices yz440-480). g) Hilum (hi) and micropyle (mi) of seed in (1a) showing the Y-shaped micropylar slit in the outer integument. h) Cut volume rendering through the median plane of the seed (cut at yz0492) showing seed coat mainly composed of palisade-shaped cells of the exotesta (S174435). i) Seed surface showing the raised outlines of the undulate anticlinal walls of the exotestal cells (S175045). Scale bars = 500 µm (a–e); 250 µm (g); 125 µm (f, i). in Extinct Taxa Of Exotestal Seeds Close To Austrobaileyales And Nymphaeales From The Early Cretaceous Of Portugal
Text-fig. 1. Gastonispermum portugallicum gen. et sp. nov. seeds from the Early Cretaceous Famalicão locality (sample 025), Portugal; Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, volume renderings). Note remains of mounting media on several seeds (¤). a) Seed in oblique view showing seed shape, the slightly raised raphal ridge and the position of hilum (hi) and micropyle (mi) on the raphal side of the seed (S170218). b, c) Seeds in lateral view (b, S170234; c, S175095). d–f) Holotype (S174820); seed in lateral view (d) and cut volume rendering (e, f) through the median plane of the seed showing palisade-shaped sclerenchyma cells of exotesta and remains of embryo (emb) and surrounding nutritive tissue (e, cut between yz0440-0530; f, cut between slices yz440-480). g) Hilum (hi) and micropyle (mi) of seed in (1a) showing the Y-shaped micropylar slit in the outer integument. h) Cut volume rendering through the median plane of the seed (cut at yz0492) showing seed coat mainly composed of palisade-shaped cells of the exotesta (S174435). i) Seed surface showing the raised outlines of the undulate anticlinal walls of the exotestal cells (S175045). Scale bars = 500 µm (a–e); 250 µm (g); 125 µm (f, i).
Text-fig. 6. Reyispermum parvum gen. et sp. nov. seeds from the Early Cretaceous Vale de Água locality, Portugal (a, b, d, e: sample 141, c: sample 300); Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, orthoslices). a) Longitudinal orthoslice (yz0563) through the median plane of the seed (holotype, S174178) showing the palisade-shaped cells of exotesta and collapsed inner parts of seed coat, raised exotestal tissue (arrow head) immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum (hi), micropyle (mi) and remains of cellular nutritive tissue. b) Longitudinal orthoslice (xz0659) through the micropylar region perpendicular to the median plane showing the exotestal tissue surrounding the transverse micropyle slit (mi). c) Longitudinal orthoslice (yz0500) through the median plane of the seed (S175095) showing raised tissue (arrow head) immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum (hi), micropyle (mi) and poorly preserved cells of the seed coat. d) Longitudinal orthoslice (xz0810) through middle part of seed perpendicular to the median plane (S174178) showing seed coat and remains of cellular nutritive tissue. e) Tangential and longitudinal orthoslice (xz0162) through the seed coat of holotype (S174178) showing thickened, undulate cell walls of exotesta (ex) and the short, thin-walled cells of tegmen (te) with a finely striate wrinkled surface. Scale bars = 250 µm (a, c, d); 125 µm (b, e). in Extinct Taxa Of Exotestal Seeds Close To Austrobaileyales And Nymphaeales From The Early Cretaceous Of Portugal
Text-fig. 6. Reyispermum parvum gen. et sp. nov. seeds from the Early Cretaceous Vale de Água locality, Portugal (a, b, d, e: sample 141, c: sample 300); Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, orthoslices). a) Longitudinal orthoslice (yz0563) through the median plane of the seed (holotype, S174178) showing the palisade-shaped cells of exotesta and collapsed inner parts of seed coat, raised exotestal tissue (arrow head) immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum (hi), micropyle (mi) and remains of cellular nutritive tissue. b) Longitudinal orthoslice (xz0659) through the micropylar region perpendicular to the median plane showing the exotestal tissue surrounding the transverse micropyle slit (mi). c) Longitudinal orthoslice (yz0500) through the median plane of the seed (S175095) showing raised tissue (arrow head) immediately adjacent to the lower edge of the hilum (hi), micropyle (mi) and poorly preserved cells of the seed coat. d) Longitudinal orthoslice (xz0810) through middle part of seed perpendicular to the median plane (S174178) showing seed coat and remains of cellular nutritive tissue. e) Tangential and longitudinal orthoslice (xz0162) through the seed coat of holotype (S174178) showing thickened, undulate cell walls of exotesta (ex) and the short, thin-walled cells of tegmen (te) with a finely striate wrinkled surface. Scale bars = 250 µm (a, c, d); 125 µm (b, e).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.