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4,489 results for “transitivity”
Noise impact on NREM sleep: differences in Up and Down state transitions
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Impact of external stimuli on NREM sleep dynamics: noise-driven differences in Up and Down state transitions
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Data Products for "An HST Transmission Spectrum of the Closest M-Dwarf Transiting Rocky Planet LTT 1445Ab"
<p>Data for Figures 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8 from the paper "An HST Transmission Spectrum of the Closest M-Dwarf Transiting Rocky Planet LTT 1445Ab". All are given in .csv files and can easily be plotted in Python. </p> <p>Figure 2: Flux (erg/s/cm^2/A) as a function of wavelength for the three exposures leading up to the flare, the exposure that was taken during the flare, and the first 10 exposures taken after the flare. </p> <p>Figure 3: Normalized flux and normalized error as a function of time (BJD_TDB) for the +1 and -1 orders of the WFC3/G280 grism are presented. Data from all three transits are included and are separated by a blank row. </p> <p>Figure 4: Wavelength-dependent transit depths for the +1 and -1 order of the WFC3/G280 grism are presented for all three visits. Each order within each visit has two columns, one corresponding to the transit depth value (e.g., "Visit 1 +1 Order (Rp/Rs)^2") and the adjacent column corresponding to the error (e.g., "Visit 1 +1 Order (Rp/Rs)^2 error"). </p> <p>Figure 6: Normalized flux and normalized error as a function of time (BJD_TDB) are presented for the WFC3/G141 observation. The first three columns correspond to the forward scan, then there is a gap, and the next three columns correspond to the reverse scan.</p> <p>Figure 7: Wavelength-dependent transit depths for both reductions (WRECS and ExoTiC-ISM) of the WFC3/G141 observation are presented. Columns are: wavelength (microns), wavelength width (microns), followed by the transit depth and error for each reduction (e.g., "WRECS (Rp/Rs)^2" and "WRECS (Rp/Rs)^2 error". </p> <p>Figure 8: Final transmission spectrum including the weighted mean of the three WFC3/G280 observations and the WFC3/G141 observation are given. Columns are wavelength (microns), wavelength width (microns), transit depth, and transit depth error. </p>
Data for "Fast ground-to-air transition with avian-inspired multifunctional legs"
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Data from Political Actors' Twitter Accounts Related to Transitional Justice
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FIGURE 2 in Arthrobrachus crassicornis sp. nov (Coleoptera: Melyridae), a new species from the South American Transition Zone in Argentina
FIGURE 2: Arthrobrachus crassicornis sp. nov. Antenna (a); Pronotum (b). Scale 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Arthrobrachus crassicornis sp. nov (Coleoptera: Melyridae), a new species from the South American Transition Zone in Argentina
FIGURE 1: Arthrobrachus crassicornis sp. nov. Scale 1 mm.
Transition from Chains to Disks at f = 10 Hz
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DATA_measure and predict the travel time reliability on the urban rail transit network
<p>(1)The automatic fare collection data recorded the time of entering and exiting stations for each trip.<br>(2)The automatic fare collection data format is CSV, and the columns of the table are in Chinese. The columns are ticket card number, ticket card type, date, time of entering the station, entering station name, time of exiting the station, exiting station name, and day of the week.</p>
Understanding and predicting adsorption energetics on monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
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Code and Data for Transfer Learning for Multi-material Classification of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides with Atomic Force Microscopy
<p>The data consists of atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of metal organic chemical deposition (MOCVD) grown transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), MoS2, WS2, WSe2, MoSe2, and Mo-WSe2, used for the results reported in the manuscript "Transfer Learning for Multi-material Classification of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides with Atomic Force Microscopy". The TMDs are grown at the Penn State's 2D crystal consortium (2DCC). The raw data is also available on the LiST (https://data.<br>2dccmip.org/Rut1mMC8u25M). The file names have the format: imageSNo_TMD_sampleLabel_sampleId_set.tif, where SNo, TMD, sampleLabel, sampleId, and set are serial numbers (1, 2, 3, ...), class of TMD (e.g. MoS2, WS2, ...), sample label, sample id, and train or test set, as used in the manuscript. There could be multiple images from the same samples (taken from the center, edges, etc, of wafer). Images from the same sample have the same sample label and sample id. In using the data, it is recommended that the same sample is not present in more than one data set to avoid data leakage. Additionally, github_static consists of the codes used to generate the results reported in the manuscript.</p>
Linked collectors and determiners for: Checklist of free-living nematode species in the transitional environment of Lake Varano (Southern Italy).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Checklist of free-living nematode species in the transitional environment of Lake Varano (Southern Italy)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/8c6bb163-3308-4430-9d5f-c5a4ec78d188">https://bionomia.net/dataset/8c6bb163-3308-4430-9d5f-c5a4ec78d188</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/8c6bb163-3308-4430-9d5f-c5a4ec78d188">https://gbif.org/dataset/8c6bb163-3308-4430-9d5f-c5a4ec78d188</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Data and calculations associated with "Tracking cropland transitions: a comparative analysis of U.S. land cover change data"
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Supplementary Figures for paper "First Comparative Exoplanetology Within a Transiting Multi-planet System: Comparing the atmospheres of V1298 Tau b and c" (accepted A&A)
<p>Supplementary figures for paper entitled "First Comparative Exoplanetology Within a Transiting Multi-planet System: Comparing the atmospheres of V1298 Tau b and c" accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A)</p>
Data from: Transition from fractional to classical Stokes-Einstein behaviour in simple fluids
An optical technique for tracking single particles has been used to evaluate the particle diameter at which diffusion transitions from molecular behaviour described by the fractional Stokes-Einstein relationship to particle behaviour described by the classical Stokes-Einstein relationship. The results confirm a prior prediction from molecular dynamic simulations that there is a particle size at which transition occurs and show it is inversely dependent on concentration and viscosity but independent of particle density. For concentrations in the range 510-3 to 510-6mg/mL and viscosities from 0.8 to 150 mPa s, the transition was found to occur in the diameter range 150 to 300nm.
Data from: Evolutionary shifts in mustelid (Mustelidae: Carnivora) cranial shape, body size, and body shape coincides with the Mid-Miocene Climate Transition
Environmental changes can lead to evolutionary shifts in phenotypic traits, which in turn facilitate exploitation of novel adaptive landscapes and lineage diversification. The global cooling, increased aridity, and expansion of open grasslands during the past 50 million years are prime examples of new adaptive landscapes that spurred lineage and ecomorphological diversity of several mammalian lineages such as rodents and large herbivorous megafauna. However, whether these environmental changes facilitated evolutionary shifts in small to mid-sized predator morphology is unknown. Here, I used a complete cranial and body morphological dataset to examine the timing of evolutionary shifts in cranial shape, body size, and body shape within extant mustelids (martens, otters, polecats, and weasels) during the climatic and environmental changes of the Cenozoic. I found that evolutionary shifts in all three traits occurred within extant mustelid subclades just after the onset of the Mid-Miocene Climate Transition. These mustelid subclades first shifted towards more elongate body plans followed by concurrent shifts towards smaller body sizes and more robust crania. I hypothesize that these cranial and body morphological shifts enabled mustelids to exploit novel adaptive zones associated with the climatic and environmental changes of the Mid to Late Miocene, which facilitated significant increases in clade carrying capacity.
Data from: Dynamical state transitions into addictive behaviour and their early-warning signals
The theory of critical transitions in complex systems (ecosystems, climate, etc.), and especially its ability to predict abrupt changes by early-warning signals based on analysis of fluctuations close to tipping points, is seen as a promising avenue to study disease dynamics. However, the biomedical field still lacks a clear demonstration of this concept. Here, we used a well-established animal model in which initial alcohol exposure followed by deprivation and subsequent reintroduction of alcohol induces excessive alcohol drinking as an example of disease onset. Intensive longitudinal data (ILD) of rat drinking behaviour and locomotor activity were acquired by a fully automated drinkometer device over 14 weeks. Dynamical characteristics of ILD were extracted using a multi-scale computational approach. Our analysis shows a transition into addictive behaviour preceded by early-warning signals such as instability of drinking patterns and locomotor circadian rhythms, and a resultant increase in low frequency, ultradian rhythms during the first week of deprivation. We find evidence that during prolonged deprivation, a critical transition takes place pushing the system to excessive alcohol consumption. This study provides an adaptable framework for processing ILD from clinical studies and for examining disease dynamics and early-warning signals in the biomedical field.
Data from: Deactivation in the posterior mid-cingulate cortex reflects perceptual transitions during binocular rivalry: evidence from simultaneous EEG-fMRI
Binocular rivalry is a phenomenon in which perception spontaneously shifts between two different images that are dichoptically presented to the viewer. By elucidating the cortical networks responsible for these stochastic fluctuations in perception, we can potentially learn much about the neural correlates of visual awareness. We obtained concurrent EEG-fMRI data for a group of 20 healthy human subjects during the continuous presentation of dichoptic visual stimuli. The two eyes' images were tagged with different temporal frequencies so that eye specific steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) signals could be extracted from the EEG data for direct comparison with changes in fMRI BOLD activity associated with binocular rivalry. We additionally included a smooth replay condition that emulated the perceptual transitions experienced during binocular rivalry as a control stimulus. We evaluated a novel SSVEP-informed fMRI analysis in this study in order to delineate the temporal dynamics of rivalry-related BOLD activity from both an electrophysiological and behavioral perspective. In this manner, we assessed BOLD activity during rivalry that was directly correlated with peaks and crosses of the two rivaling, frequency-tagged SSVEP signals, for comparison with BOLD activity associated with subject reported perceptual transitions. Our findings point to a critical role of a right lateralized fronto-parietal network in the processing of bistable stimuli, given that BOLD activity in the right superior/inferior parietal lobules was significantly elevated throughout binocular rivalry and in particular during perceptual transitions, compared with the replay condition. Based on the SSVEP-informed analysis, rivalry was further associated with significantly enhanced BOLD suppression in the posterior mid-cingulate cortex during perceptual transitions, compared with SSVEP crosses. Overall, this work points to a careful interplay between early visual areas, the right posterior parietal cortex and the mid-cingulate cortex in mediating the spontaneous perceptual changes associated with binocular rivalry and has significant implications for future multimodal imaging studies of perception and awareness.
FIGURES 5–7. Paratype female. 5 in A new species of Hystrichopsylla Taschenberg (Siphonaptera: Hystrichopsyllidae) from the Mexican transition zone
FIGURES 5–7. Paratype female. 5, Sternum VIII; 6, anal stylet; 7, spermathecae.
Census data of growth, mortality and size stage transitions of nests of leaf-cutting ant species before and after fires
<p>We hypothesized that fires will affect more the species that build external, easily flammable thatch mounds with superficial fungal gardens (<i>Acromyrmex lobicornis</i>) than colonies that build subterranean nests in the less-flammable bare-ground (<i>Acromyrmex striatus</i>). We use a stochastic matrix demographic model parameterized with 4 years of data in pre and post fire scenarios. This data set contain all the census data which from we build the matrix models.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.