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2,477 results for “type species”
Figure 1 from: Liu J, Huang Z, Xu X, Yin H (2020) Redescription of types of three species of Leptonetidae Simon, 1890 from China (Arachnida, Araneae). ZooKeys 1000: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.57660
Figure 1 Leptoneta monodactylaYin et al., 1984, holotype male A habitus, dorsal view B palpal bulb, ventral view C right palp (show the whole situation from patella to tarsus, but palpal bulb is missing), retrolateral view D palp, prolateral view E palp, retrolateral view.
Figure 3 from: Liu J, Huang Z, Xu X, Yin H (2020) Redescription of types of three species of Leptonetidae Simon, 1890 from China (Arachnida, Araneae). ZooKeys 1000: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.57660
Figure 3 Leptoneta monodactylaYin et al., 1984, holotype male A right palp (show the whole situation from patella to tarsus, but palpal bulb is missing), retrolateral view B palpal blub, ventral view C right chelicera (because teeth of left chelicera are broken), retrolateral view. Abbreviations: Co, conductor; E, embolus; MA, median apophysis.
Figure 7 from: Liu J, Huang Z, Xu X, Yin H (2020) Redescription of types of three species of Leptonetidae Simon, 1890 from China (Arachnida, Araneae). ZooKeys 1000: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.57660
Figure 7 Leptonetela unispinosa (Yin et al., 1984), comb. nov., holotype male A carapace, dorsal view B abdomen, dorsal view C palpal bulb, ventral view D palp, prolateral view E palp, retrolateral view.
FIGURE 2 in Cataloguing Prof. Eudóxia M. Froehlich's wet collection of land planarians (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae): a bounty of type specimens of 78 species
FIGURE 2. Detail of the catalogue (Table S1). Available upon request to the authors.
Data from: Translocation strategies for multiple species depend on interspecific interaction type
Conservation translocations – anthropogenic movements of species to prevent their extinction – have increased substantially over the last few decades. Although multiple species are frequently moved to the same location, current translocation guidelines consider species in isolation. This practice ignores important interspecific interactions, and thereby risks translocation failure. We model three different two-species systems to illustrate the inherent complexity of multi-species translocations, and to assess the influence of different interaction types (consumer-resource, mutualism, and competition) on translocation strategies. We focus on how these different interaction types influence the optimal founder population sizes for successful translocations, and the order in which the species are moved (simultaneous or sequential). Further, we assess the effect of interaction strength in simultaneous translocations, and the time delay between translocations when moving two species sequentially. Our results show that translocation decisions need to reflect the type of interaction. While all translocations of interacting species require a minimum founder population size, which is demarked by an "extinction boundary", consumer-resource translocations also have a maximum founder population limit. Above the minimum founder size, increasing the number of translocated individuals leads to a substantial increase in the extinction boundary of competitors and consumers, but not of mutualists. Competitive and consumer-resource systems benefit from sequential translocations; but the order of translocations does not change the outcomes for mutualistic interaction partners noticeably. Interspecific interactions are important processes that shape population dynamics, and should therefore be incorporated into the quantitative planning of multispecies translocations. Our findings apply whenever interacting species are moved, for example, in reintroductions, conservation introductions, biological control or ecosystem restoration.
Data from: The species versus subspecies conundrum: quantitative delimitation from integrating multiple data types within a single Bayesian approach in Hercules beetles
With the recent attention and focus on quantitative methods for species delimitation, an overlooked but equally important issue regards what has actually been delimited. This study investigates the apparent arbitrariness of some taxonomic distinctions, and in particular how species and subspecies are assigned. Specifically, we use a recently developed Bayesian model-based approach to show that in the Hercules beetles (genus Dynastes) there is no statistical difference in the probability that putative taxa represent different species, irrespective of whether they were given species or subspecies designations. By considering multiple data types, as opposed to relying exclusively on genetic data alone, we also show that both previously recognized species and subspecies represent a variety of points along the speciation spectrum (i.e., previously recognized species are not systematically further along the continuum than subspecies). For example, based on evolutionary models of divergence, some taxa are statistically distinguishable on more than one axis of differentiation (e.g., along both phenotypic and genetic dimensions), whereas other taxa can only be delimited statistically from a single data type. Because both phenotypic and genetic data are analyzed in a common Bayesian framework, our study provides a framework for investigating whether disagreements in species boundaries among data types reflect (i) actual discordance with the actual history of lineage splitting, or instead (ii) differences among data types in the amount of time required for differentiation to become apparent among the delimited taxa. We discuss what the answers to these questions imply about what characters are used to delimit species, as well as the diverse processes involved in the origin and maintenance of species boundaries. With this in mind, we then reflect more generally on how quantitative methods for species delimitation are used to assign taxonomic status.
Data from: Divergence in strategies for coping with winter embolism among co-occurring temperate tree species: the role of positive xylem pressure, wood type and tree stature
1. In temperate ecosystems, freeze-thaw events are an important environmental stress that can induce severe xylem embolism (i.e. clogging of conduits by air bubbles) in overwintering organs of trees. However, no comparative studies of different adaptive strategies among sympatric tree species for coping with winter embolism have examined the potential role of the presence or absence of embolism refilling by positive xylem pressure. 2. We evaluated the degree of winter embolism and hydraulic architecture traits in 22 deciduous angiosperm tree species typical of temperate forest sites in NE China. Co-occurring trees growing in a local botanical garden were used to minimize variation caused by differences in proximal environmental conditions and to ensure that interspecific variation reflected genetic differences between species. 3. Four functional groups with potentially different strategies for coping with winter embolism were compared: positive xylem pressure generating species (PXP) that are all diffuse-porous, except a semi-ring-porous species, large (LDP) and small (SDP) statured diffuse-porous tree species that are unable to generate positive xylem pressure, and ring-porous species (RP). 4. The PXP group exhibited nearly full recovery from winter embolism in contrast to the other three groups, which showed persistent and relatively high degrees of hydraulic dysfunction during the subsequent growing season. The absence of a functional trade-off between hydraulic efficiency and safety against freeze-thaw induced embolism in the PXP group and the presence of a trade-off in the other three groups, suggests that the ability to generate root or stem pressure for embolism refilling may partially free some temperate tree species from adaptive constraints imposed by winter embolism formation. 5. Efficient winter embolism reversal by positive pressure in PXP species did not distinguish them from their non-xylem pressure-generating LDP counterparts in terms of various measures of xylem hydraulic efficiency during the growing season. Divergence in the ability to refill winter embolism through generation of positive xylem pressure implies a series of functional trade-offs that may partially explain the co-existence of these two types of temperate tree species.
FIGURE 20. Erenna cornuta Pugh, 2001. Type B bracts. Scale bar 5 in A description of two new species of the genus Erenna (Siphonophora: Physonectae: Erennidae), with notes on recently collected specimens of other Erenna species
FIGURE 20. Erenna cornuta Pugh, 2001. Type B bracts. Scale bar 5 mm.
FIGURE 19. Erenna cornuta Pugh, 2001. Type A bracts. Scale bar 5 in A description of two new species of the genus Erenna (Siphonophora: Physonectae: Erennidae), with notes on recently collected specimens of other Erenna species
FIGURE 19. Erenna cornuta Pugh, 2001. Type A bracts. Scale bar 5 mm.
FIGURE 8 in A new species of Tanacetipathes from Brazil, with a redescription of the type species T. tanacetum (Pourtales) (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Antipatharia)
FIGURE 8. Holotype of Tanacetipathes paula, n. sp (MNRJ 6031). Spines on pinnules.
FIGURE 18 in Two new species of Pamphobeteus Pocock 1901 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Theraphosidae) from Brazil, with a new type of stridulatory organ
FIGURE 18. Pamphobeteus grandis sp. nov.. Male. Photo: Rick C. West.
FIGURES 7–8 in Two new species of Pamphobeteus Pocock 1901 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Theraphosidae) from Brazil, with a new type of stridulatory organ
FIGURES 7–8. Pamphobeteus crassifemur sp. nov.. 7, Male. 8, Female. Photos: R. Bertani.
FIGURE 12 in Revision of the Australian Oenochroma vinaria Guenée, 1858 species-complex (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Oenochrominae): DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity and assesses status of type specimen without dissection
FIGURE 12. Egg of Oenochroma barcodificata. sp. nov. freshly laid egg, scale bar 1 mm. (photo CY)
FIGURE 1 in Two new species of Chondrocladia (Demospongiae: Cladorhizidae) with a new spicule type from the deep south Pacific, and a discussion of the genus Meliiderma
FIGURE 1. Maps showing the collecting areas.
FIGURE 6. Betadevario ramachandrani. Type locality. Photo P. K in Betadevario ramachandrani, a new danionine genus and species from the Western Ghats of India (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Danioninae)
FIGURE 6. Betadevario ramachandrani. Type locality. Photo P. K. Pramod.
FIGURE 12 in Mr. Darwin's mysterious spider: on the type species of the genus Leucauge White, 1841 (Tetragnathidae, Araneae)
FIGURE 12. Leucauge venusta (from Rio de Janeiro) female web architecture A–F.
FIGURE 3 in Mr. Darwin's mysterious spider: on the type species of the genus Leucauge White, 1841 (Tetragnathidae, Araneae)
FIGURE 3. Leucauge venusta epigynum (from Rio de Janeiro): dorsal A; ventral B. Scale bars 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 24 in Molecular and morphological description of a new species of Halisarca (Demospongiae: Halisarcida) from Mediterranean Sea and a redescription of the type species Halisarca dujardini
FIGURE 24. Geographical records of Halisarca dujardini in World Ocean (red drops).
FIGURE 6 in Revalidation of the genus Ectrepopterus Fowler (Teleostei: Characiformes), with the redescription of its type species, E. uruguayensis
FIGURE 6. Ectrepopterus uruguayensis, aquarium live specimen, not preserved.
FIGURE 12 in On the identity of the type species of Sphenomorphus (Squamata: Scincidae): Lygosoma melanopogon Duméril and Bibron 1839, with a note on a new scalation character of the pes in Sphenomorphus
FIGURE 12. Holotype of Hinulia papuensis Macleay 1877 (AM R 31847; SVL = 107 mm).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.