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6,175 results for “Composite”
FIGURE 28 in Systematic position and composition of Merodon nigritarsis and M. avidus groups (Diptera, Syrphidae) with a description of four new hoverfLies species
FIGURE 28 Head of male Merodon cohurnus sp. n. A) lateral view, B) dorsal view. Scale: 1 mm.
Omnivore diet composition effects on parasite load and host weight
<p>Diet composition modulates animals' ability to resist parasites and recover from stress. Broader diet breadths enable omnivores to mount dynamic responses to parasite attack, but little is known about how plant/prey mixing might influence responses to infection.</p> <p>Using omnivorous deer mice (<em><span>Peromyscus</span> maniculatus</em>) as a model, we examine how varying plant and prey concentrations in blended diets influence resistance and body condition following infestation by Rocky Mountain wood ticks (<em><span>Dermacentor</span> andersoni</em>).</p> <p>In two repeated experiments, deer mice fed for four weeks on controlled diets that varied in proportions of seeds and insects, were then challenged with 50 tick larvae in two sequential infestations.</p> <p>The numbers of ticks successfully feeding on mice declined by 25% and 66% after the first infestation (in the first and second experiments, respectively), reflecting a pattern of acquired resistance, and resistance was strongest when plant/prey ratios were more equally balanced in mouse diets, relative to seed-dominated diets.</p> <p>Diet also dramatically impacted the capacity of mice to cope with tick infestations. Mice fed insect-rich diets lost 15% of their body weight when parasitized by ticks, while mice fed seed-rich diets lost no weight at all.</p> <p>While mounting/maintaining an immune response may be energetically demanding, mice may compensate for parasitism with fat and carbohydrate-rich diets.</p> <p>Altogether, these results suggest that a diverse nutritional landscape may be key in enabling omnivores' resistance and resilience to infection and immune stressors in their environments.</p>
Dataset of Numerical prediction of changes in atmospheric chemical compositions during a solar energetic particle event on Mars
<p>This dataset contains the input parameters and the simulated results used for figures in the paper "Numerical prediction of changes in atmospheric chemical compositions during a solar energetic particle event on Mars" by Y. Nakamura, F. Leblanc, N. Terada, S. Hiruba, I. Murata, H. Nakagawa, S. Sakai, S. Aoki, A. Piccialli, Y. Willame, L. Neary, A. C. Vandaele, K. Murase, and R. Kataoka.</p> <p>Detailed informations about the data files can be found in "README.txt".</p>
Taylor Glacier Tunnel: Measurements of the composition, deformation and strength of basal ice made in a tunnel in Taylor Glacier, Antarctica
<p>Data set from Taylor Glacier tunnel</p> <p>Photographs of tunnel excavation</p> <p>Video of tunnel excavation</p>
Walcott-Rust trilobite fossil calcite composition data
<div class="page"> <div class="section"> <div class="layoutArea"> <div class="column"> <p>Trilobites with appendages from the Rust Formation of New York State were discovered in the 1870s and represent one of the earliest known cases of exceptional preservation of non- biomineralized tissues. The Rust Formation trilobites feature three-dimensionally preserved walking legs and delicate respiratory lamellae, but the mechanism behind their fossilization remains unknown. Here we show that after burial, carcass decay produced framboidal pyrite, while fibrous calcite precipitated on the visceral side of the body, followed by the widespread formation of sparry calcite crystal replicating non-biomineralized morphological features. Trilobites and co-occurring calcite veins show no chemical or petrographic differences, rejecting the hypothesis that exceptional preservation was caused by a local microenviron- ment within enrolled trilobites. These results suggest that fine-grained sediment provided support for the appendages and facilitated their fossilization through calcite replacement. Our findings carry broader implications for understanding the exceptional three-dimensional preservation of animal Paleozoic body fossils through calcite casts.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div>
Dataset_Multiscale Fast Fourier Transform homogenization of additively manufactured fiber reinforced composites from component-wise description of morphology
<p>Original micro-CT imaging data and output of processing via the OpenFiberSeg software of additively manufactured carbon fiber reinforced composites. </p> <p>This dataset accompanies the publication in Composite Science and Technology available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2023.110261</p> <p> </p>
Unpacking Scientific Creativity: A Team Composition Perspective
<p>CSV file containing the data for the "Unpacking Scientific Creativity: A Team Composition Perspective" paper. Scripts and Readme can be found here https://github.com/Kwirtz/Unpacking-scientific-creativity</p>
Soil composition, phenotypic and genetic data to: Adaptive differentiation on serpentine soil in diploid versus autotetraploid populations of Biscutella laevigata (Brassicaceae)
<p><span>Serpentine soils exhibit extreme properties (e.g. high magnesium content) influencing plant growth and survival and have been repeatedly documented to promote adaptive edaphic differentiation in plants. Individuals from four pairs of nearby diploid and autotetraploid populations of <em>Biscutella laevigata</em> sampled on serpentine vs non-serpentine soils in a factorial design are used to assess the genetic and phenotypic changes associated with edaphic origin and ploidy level. Individual samples from natural populations were subjected to soil elemental analysis and genotyping using restriction site-associated DNA sequences (RAD-seq) to link genetic variation with contrasting soils and ploidy levels. In diploids, genetic variation was consistent with demographic contraction and a pattern of isolation by environment with respect to the ratio of calcium / magnesium concentrations, whereas tetraploids presented evidence of expansion with limited edaphic differentiation. The genetic basis of tolerance and adaptation to serpentine was further assessed experimentally on seed-grown individuals from all populations subjected to high (serpentine-like) vs low (control) concentrations of magnesium in hydropony. Fitness-related phenotypic traits under experimental cultivation were consistent with adaptive differentiation among diploid ecotypes but not among the tetraploids that similarly grow in both habitats and consistently present higher investment in roots. Further work comparing experimentally resynthesized polyploids to natural diploids and polyploids has to tease the role of whole genome duplication apart from the impact of post-polyploidy evolution.</span></p>
Upconversion FRET quantitation: the role of donor photoexcitation mode and compositional architecture on the decay and intensity based responses
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Lanthanide-doped colloidal nanoparticles capable of photon upconversion (UC) offer long luminescence lifetimes, narrowband absorption and emission spectra, and efficient anti-Stokes emission. These features are highly advantageous for Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) based detection. Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) as donors may solve the existing problems of molecular FRET systems, such as photobleaching and limitations in quantitative analysis, but these new labels also bring new challenges. Here we have studied the impact of the core-shell compositional architecture of upconverting nanoparticle donors and the mode of photoexcitation on the performance of UC-FRET from UCNPs to Rose Bengal (RB) molecular acceptor. We have quantitatively compared luminescence rise and decay kinetics of Er<sup>3+</sup> emission using core-only NaYF<sub>4</sub>: 20% Yb, 2% Er and core-shell NaYF<sub>4</sub>: 20% Yb @ NaYF<sub>4</sub>: 20% Yb, 5% Er donor UCNPs under three photoexcitation schemes: (1) direct short-pulse photoexcitation of Er<sup>3+</sup> at 520 nm; indirect photoexcitation of Er<sup>3+</sup> through Yb<sup>3+</sup> sensitizer with (2) 980 nm short (5–7 ns) or (3) 980 nm long (4 ms) laser pulses. The donor luminescence kinetics and steady-state emission spectra differed between the UCNP architectures and excitation schemes. Aiming for highly sensitive kinetic upconversion FRET-based biomolecular assays, the experimental results underline the complexity of the excitation and energy-migration mechanisms affecting the Er<sup>3+</sup> donor responses and suggest ways to optimize the photoexcitation scheme and the architecture of the UCNPs used as luminescent donors.</p>
The evolvement of ULVZ at LLSVP margins--selected models with various buoyancy number and compositional viscosity
<p>This tar.gz file is created and uploaded for the submission of the manuscript titled '<em>The evolvement of dense ULVZs at LLSVP margins and implications</em>' to the journal <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>.</p> <p>This tar.gz file is for selected models with various buoyancy number (B) and compositional viscosity (etaC), which are described and compared with the reference model (in doi 10.5281/zenodo.8394637) in the manuscript. The collection includes the raw output data and post-processed data illustrated in Figures 3. </p> <p>1. the /scratch directory</p> <p>This directory contains the raw output data of three models listed below. All models are calculated by CitcomS (modified from the CitcomS-3.3.1 version) and the data follows the CitcomS output convention. Please read the description of a previous upload (doi 10.5281/zenodo.8394637, titled 'The evolvement of ULVZ at LLSVP margins--reference model with B=3.0 and etaC=1.0') for more information.</p> <p>The ULVZ-v1B6_h10l10/ directory: the model with B=6.0 and etaC=1.0, illustrated in the top panel of Figure 3 </p> <p>The ULVZ-v1B1-5_h10l10/ directory: the model with B=1.5 and etaC=1.0, illustrated in the middle panel of Figure 3 </p> <p>The ULVZ-v01B3_h10l10/ directory: the model with B=3.0 and etaC=0.1, illustrated in the bottom panel of Figure 3 </p> <p>2. the data_plots/ directory: data extracted from the raw outputs and plotted in Figure 3.</p> <p>The time frame of 14800 is for the left column in Figure 3, and the other time frames are for the right column in Figure 3. </p> <p>temperature: *temp* files</p> <p>composition: *comp* files</p> <p>velocity: *velo_Sv* files</p> <p>density anomaly: *density* files</p>
Carbon availability affects already large species-specific differences in chemical composition of ectomycorrhizal fungal mycelia in pure culture
<p>Although ectomycorrhizal (ECM) contribution to soil organic matter processes receives increased attention, little is known about fundamental differences in chemical composition among species, and how that may be affected by carbon (C) availability. Here we study how 16 species (incl. 19 isolates) grown in pure culture at three different C:N ratios (10:1, 20:1 and 40:1) vary in chemical structure, using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. We hypothesised that C availability impacts directly on chemical composition, expecting increased C availability to lead to more carbohydrates and less proteins in the mycelia. There were strong and significant effects of ECM species (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.873 and P = 0.001) and large species-specific differences in chemical composition. Chemical composition also changed significantly with C availability, and increased C led to more polysaccharides and less proteins for many species, but not all. Understanding how chemical composition change with altered C availability is a first step towards understanding their role in organic matter accumulation and decomposition.</p>
Data from: Incomplete recovery of tree community composition and rare species after 120 years of tropical forest succession in Panama
<p>Determining how fully tropical forests regenerating on abandoned land recover characteristics of old-growth forests is increasingly important for understanding their role in conserving rare species and maintaining ecosystem services. Despite this, our understanding of forest structure and community composition recovery throughout succession is incomplete, as many tropical chronosequences do not extend beyond the first 50 years of succession. Here, we examined trajectories of forest recovery across eight 1-hectare plots in middle and later stages of forest succession (40 – 120 years) and five 1-hectare old-growth plots, in the Barro Colorado Nature Monument (BCNM), Panama. We first verified that forest age had a greater effect than edaphic or topographic variation on forest structure, diversity and composition and then corroborated results from smaller plots censused 20 years previously. Tree species diversity (but not species richness) and forest structure had fully recovered to old-growth levels by 40 and 90 years, respectively. However, rare species were missing, and old-growth specialists were in low abundance, in the mid- and late secondary forest plots, leading to incomplete recovery of species composition even by 120 years into succession. We also found evidence that dominance early in succession by a long-lived pioneer led to altered forest structure and delayed recovery of species diversity and composition well past a century after land abandonment. Our results illustrate the critical importance of old-growth and old secondary forests for biodiversity conservation, given that recovery of community composition may take several centuries, particularly when a long-lived pioneer dominates in early succession.</p>
Supplementary Data to: "Organic Phases in Bivalve (Arctica islandica) Shells: Their Bulk and Amino Acid Nitrogen Stable Isotope Compositions" in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
<p>This dataset contains the data generated for publication "Organic Phases in Bivalve (<em>Arctica islandica</em>) Shells: Their Bulk and Amino Acid Nitrogen Stable Isotope Compositions", including the following files:</p> <p>Specimen_ID_shell_morphology_measurement: Description of locality of collection, shell ID, shell working ID and the shell morphology measurement which can be referred to Section 2.1 of the manuscript.</p> <p>EA_IRMS_raw_error_propagate: This file contains data showing the m/z 28 signal intensities of all measurements and the error propagation that mentioned in Section 2.3 of the manuscript. It also includes the calculation of analytical accuracy and precision. </p> <p>Statistics: The file contains the summary of statistical analyses performed in this manuscript. Refer to Section 2.7 and 3.3.</p> <p>Recovery: It contains the recovery of the total nitrogen contents or amino acid concentrations after different treatments and this was mentioned in Section 4.1 of the manucript.</p> <p>Mass_balance: The computation procedure that showed in Section 3.4 and discussed in Section 4.3 can be traced in this file.</p> <p>GC-C-IRMS_long_term_sd: The file shows the long-term precision of GC-C-IRMS computed from the mixed standard of amino acids </p> <p>BSIA_d15N: The file contains all the bulk d15N data that used in this manuscript.</p> <p>CSIA_d15N: The file contains all the amino acid d15N data that used in this manuscript.</p> <p>AA_Composition: The file shows AA percent data that used in this manuscript.</p> <p><br> For details see main text of the manuscript.</p> <p><br> </p>
Materials Datasets with 273 compositional and structural features extracted from Matminer
<p>Materials Datasets with 273 compositional and structural features extracted from <a href="https://github.com/hackingmaterials/matminer">Matminer</a>. Materials datasets are retrieved using the python package <a href="https://github.com/usnistgov/jarvis">jarvis-tools</a>.</p>
Data from: Community composition and physiological plasticity control microbial carbon storage across natural and experimental soil fertility gradients
<p>Data associated with 'Community composition and physiological plasticity control microbial carbon storage across natural and experimental soil fertility gradients' by Butler, Manzoni, and Warren, published in The ISME Journal (accepted 28/9/2023).</p>
Shear bond strength of three universal adhesives to three CAD-CAM resin-based composites with and without a silane coupling agent
<p>i) The dataset acquired and analyzed in a laboratory study assessing the effect of three universal adhesives and a two-component silane coupling agent on the shear bond strength to three CAD-CAM resin-based composites with dispersed fillers (CCRBCs). </p> <p>ii) Data on the randomized allocation of specimens using computer-generated sequences created with free online software. </p>
Neanderthal Composite
Neanderthals were ancient humans who lived in Eurasia. Many specifically Neanderthal traits could be explained by adaptation to cold environments. XR viewing capable. Model made by Keith Chan using Blender. The model includes teeth and a Mousterian point hafted on a spear. The whole dimensions are 0.433m x 1.53m x 1.67m. [Customize your own with the A-pose version.](https://skfb.ly/ou6Ks) See this model and more in life size at [AnVRopomotron.com](http://www.anvropomotron.com). Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Ultra-fast time-lapse synchrotron radiation CT imaging of compressive failure in unidirectional glass fibre-epoxy composite
<p>This series of ultra-fast X-ray computed tomography datasets were acquired on the TOMCAT beamline at the Swiss Light Source by the composite group at Henry Moseley X-ray Imaging Facility (within the Henry Royce Institute @Manchester).</p> <p>The experiment was designed to help understand the catastrophic failure of unidirectional fibre reinforced composites under compression, as part of Ying Wang's PhD project (<em>Damage Mechanisms Associated with Kink-Band Formation in Unidirectional Fibre Composites</em>) supervised by Prof. Philip J. Withers.</p> <p>A notched unidirectional glass fibre-epoxy composite specimen was loaded in-situ under compression in a tension/compression rig developed at INSA-Lyon. An initial scan of the composite gauge section was acquired before loading (GFRP_Initial.zip). During the in-situ loading process, the composite specimen was imaged statically at 200 N (GFRP_Static_200N.zip) and 600 N (GFRP_Static_600N.zip), after which the acquisition mode was changed to continuous streaming in order to capture the final stages immediately leading up to failure, at 876 N (GFRP_Continuous_876N.zip), 893 N (GFRP_Continuous_893N.zip), 895 N (GFRP_Continuous_895N.zip), and right after collapse (at 79 N, GFRP_Failed.zip).</p> <p>The CT acquisition speed attained 1 tomogram per second. The voxel size of the reconstructed CT data-sets is (1.1 μm)<sup>3</sup>.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Update regarding the fibre trajectories on 20 August 2024:</strong></p> <p>The extracted fibre trajectories dataset for Fig.4 in the published paper "<em>Wang, Y., Emerson, M. J., Conradsen, K., Dahl, A. B., Dahl, V. A., Maire, E. and Withers, P. J. (2021). Evolution of Fibre Deflection Leading to Kink-band Formation in Unidirectional Glass Fibre/Epoxy Composite Under Axial Compression. Composites Science and Technology, 213, 108929. " </em>has been added to this new version.</p> <p>Please note that the centre positions of 5229 fibres (the row number of x and y coordinates corresponds to the fibre number) on the 1264 xy CT slices (the column number of x and y coordinates corresponds to the slice number) were stored in this file. The x, y, and z (slice number) coordinates all need to be multiplied by the voxel size of 1.1 μm to get the physical positions of the fibre trajectories.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>For use of the data, please cite the DOI of the repository </strong><strong>and the relevant papers -</strong></p> <p><em><strong>http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13348028</strong></em></p> <p><em>Wang, Y., Emerson, M. J., Conradsen, K., Dahl, A. B., Dahl, V. A., Maire, E. and Withers, P. J. (2021). Evolution of Fibre Deflection Leading to Kink-band Formation in Unidirectional Glass Fibre/Epoxy Composite Under Axial Compression. Composites Science and Technology, 213, 108929. </em></p> <p><em>Emerson, M. J., Wang, Y., Withers, P. J., Conradsen, K., Dahl, A. B., and Dahl, V. A. (2018). Quantifying fibre reorientation during axial compression of a composite through time-lapse X-ray imaging and individual fibre tracking. Composites Science and Technology, 168, 47-54. </em></p> <p><em>Wang, Y., Garcea, S. C., Lowe, T., Maire, E., Soutis, C. and Withers, P. J. (2016). Ultra-fast time-lapse synchrotron radiographic imaging of compressive failure in CFRP. In ECCM16-16th European Conference on Composite Materials, Munich, Germany.</em></p> <p><em>Garcea, S. C. , Wang, Y. and Withers, P. J. (2018). X-ray computed tomography of polymer composites, Composites Science and Technology (156), 305-319.</em></p> <p><em>Wang, Y., Garcea, S. C. and Withers, P. J. (2018). Computed Tomography of Composites in Comprehensive Composite<br>Materials II (7), 101-118. Eds. Beaumont PWR, Zweben CH. Elsevier.</em></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Contact details of the authors: </strong></p> <p>Ying Wang - ywang1@buaa.edu.cn</p> <p>Philip J. Withers - p.j.withers@manchester.ac.uk</p>
3D orthogonal woven carbon fibre fabric and composites - Micro-computed tomography scans
<p>Computed tomography images of a 3D orthogonal woven carbon fibre fabric and composites. Detailed description can be found in the attached metadata files as well as in the associated paper: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.10.004">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.10.004</a></p> <p>The sample was used for geometrical analysis and for creating a TexGen model with the subsequent permeability and mechanical modelling.</p>
Internal large field of view observations with optical microscope of fatigue damage in composite materials during bending loading
<p>Stitched microscope pictures ...</p> <p>References to this data-set should include a reference to one of the following two papers in where the data has been used.</p> <p>Mortensen U., Andersen, T.L., Mikkelsen, L.P., Observation of Edge Effect in Flexural Fatigue Test of Composites using Large Field of View Microscopy, Journal of Composite Materials. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998320902233, 2020</p> <p>Mortensen, U.A., Mikkelsen, L.P., Andersen, T.L. Observation of the interaction between transverse cracking and fibre breaks in uni-directional non-crimp fabric composites subjected to cyclic bending fatigue damage mechanism, submitted, Feb. 2022.</p> <p>The naming of the pictures are build up by the follwing elements</p> <p>EL_05 is the plate ID,<br> J01-J09 is the sample ID where the following load level are defined:</p> <ul> <li>J01: 1 000 cycles</li> <li>J02: 2 500 cycles</li> <li>J03: 5 000 cycles</li> <li>J04: 10 000 cycles</li> <li>J05: 50 000 cycles</li> <li>J06: 100 000 cycles</li> <li>J07: 250 000 cycles</li> <li>J08: 500 000 cycles</li> <li>J09: 1 000 000 cycles</li> </ul> <p>S01-04: is the 4 surfaces inside the sample as shown in the picture saved in: xxx. The picture show the sample where the red planes indicate the polished surfaces where the microscopy pictures from the internal surfaces are taken.</p> <p>The pictures are oriented with the compression side upward and the tensile side downward similar to the orientation of the actual 4-point fatigue bending test sample.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.