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3,136 results for “Terrestrialization”
MAPS 3 A–C in Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea
MAPS 3 A–C. Distribution maps for Equatorial Guinean records of (A) Cyclanorbis elegans; (B) Trionyx triunguis; (C) Agama lebretoni.
MAPS 25 A–C in Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea
MAPS 25 A–C. Distribution maps for Equatorial Guinean records of (A) Grayia ornata; (B) Grayia smythii; (C) Afronatrix anoscopus (question mark represents an imprecise record).
MAPS 2 A–C in Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea
MAPS 2 A–C. Distribution maps for Equatorial Guinean records of (A) Pelusios niger; (B) Kinixys erosa; (C) Kinixys homeana.
MAPS 12 A–C in Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea
MAPS 12 A–C. Distribution maps for Equatorial Guinean records of (A) Panaspis breviceps; (B) Panaspis annobonensis; (C) Mochlus fernandi.
MAPS 21 A–C in Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea
MAPS 21 A–C. Distribution maps for Equatorial Guinean records of (A) Hapsidophrys smaragdina; (B) Philothamnus carinatus; (C) Philothamnus girardi.
MAPS 1 A–C in Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea
MAPS 1 A–C. Distribution maps for Equatorial Guinean records of (A) Mecistops leptorhynchus; (B) Osteolaemus tetraspis; (C) Pelusios gabonensis.
MAPS 24 A–C in Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea
MAPS 24 A–C. Distribution maps for Equatorial Guinean records of (A) Toxicodryas adamanteus (question mark represents an imprecise record); (B) Toxicodryas blandingii; (C) Grayia caesar (question mark represents an imprecise record).
MAPS 18 A–C in Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea
MAPS 18 A–C. Distribution maps for Equatorial Guinean records of (A) Varanus niloticus; (B) Calabaria reinhardtii; (C) Dasypeltis fasciata.
MAPS 17 A–C in Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea
MAPS 17 A–C. Distribution maps for Equatorial Guinean records of (A) Gastropholis echinata (question mark represents a dubious record; see species account); (B) Holaspis guentheri (question mark represents an imprecise record; see species account); (C) Poromera fordii.
Data from: Artificial light at night may decrease predation risk for terrestrial insects
<p>Artificial light at night (ALAN) is thought to be detrimental for terrestrial insect populations. Whilst there exists evidence for lower abundance under ALAN, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. One mechanism by which ALAN may contribute to insect declines may be through facilitating increased predation. We investigated this by experimentally manipulating insect-substitute abundance under differential levels of light. We used insect-containing birdfeed placed at varying distances from streetlights as a proxy for terrestrial insects, inspecting the rate of predation before and after dusk (when streetlights are respectively off and on). We found that there was a significantly greater effect of increasing distance on predation after dusk, suggesting that predation was actually reduced by greater levels of artificial light. This may occur because ALAN also increases the vulnerability of insectivores to their own predators. Implications for foraging behaviour and alternative explanations are discussed.</p>
Data and code for: Human density modulates spatial associations among tropical forest terrestrial mammal species
<p>The spatial aggregation of species pairs often increases with the ecological similarity of the species involved. However, the way in which environmental conditions and anthropogenic activity affect the relationship between spatial aggregation and ecological similarity remains unknown despite the potential for spatial associations to affect species interactions, ecosystem function, and extinction risk. Given that human disturbance has been shown to both increase and decrease spatial associations among species pairs, ecological similarity may have a role in mediating these patterns. Here, we test the influences of habitat diversity, primary productivity, human population density, and species' ecological similarity based on functional traits (i.e., functional trait similarity) on spatial associations among tropical forest mammals. Large mammals are highly sensitive to anthropogenic change and therefore susceptible to changes in interspecific spatial associations. Using two-species occupancy models and camera trap data, we quantified the spatial overlap of 1,216 species pairs from 13 tropical forest-protected areas around the world. We found that the association between ecological similarity and interspecific species associations depended upon surrounding human density. Specifically, aggregation of ecologically similar species was more than an order of magnitude stronger in landscapes with the highest human density compared to those with the lowest human density, even though all populations occurred within protected areas. Human-induced changes in interspecific spatial associations have been shown to alter top-down control by predators, increase disease transmission and increase local extinction rates. Our results indicate that anthropogenic effects on the distribution of wildlife within protected areas are already occurring and that impacts on species interactions, ecosystem functions, and extinction risk warrant further investigation. </p>
Nitrification, denitrification, and related functional genes under elevated CO2: a meta-analysis in terrestrial ecosystems
<p>This file encompasses the data that support the findings of the study entitled "Nitrification, denitrification, and related functional genes under elevated CO<sub>2</sub>: a meta-analysis in terrestrial ecosystems" by Robin Gineyts and Audrey Niboyet in Global Change Biology.</p>
A robust estimate of continental-scale terrestrial carbon sinks using GOSAT XCO2 retrievals
<p>The dataset contains monthly terrestrial ecosystem carbon fluxes (NEE) for 51 terrestrial regions from 2011-2014. We used simulations from 12 terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) as the prior carbon fluxes, therefore the posterior carbon fluxes correspond to the 12 TBMs.</p>
Increasing synchrony opposes stabilizing effects of species richness on terrestrial communities
<p><span><strong>Aim</strong>: Ecological theory has predicted that species richness should stabilize communities, with mechanisms including species synchrony and population variability determining the net impacts. While these theories have been supported empirically, results can be sensitive to taxonomic bias as studies are often focused on plants. Trophic differences between consumers and primary producers can lead to varying stabilizing effects of species richness. </span><span>Here, we compared the impact of species richness on community variability in four taxonomic groups: terrestrial birds, mammals, invertebrates, and plants.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Location</strong>: Global</span></p> <p><span><strong>Method</strong>: Using data from 6,763 time series globally (BioTIME) for four terrestrial taxa, we quantified community and population variability and species synchrony based on abundance fluctuations over time.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong>: Species richness destabilized communities through increasing synchrony and stabilized communities through reducing population variability in all taxa. Such opposing effects weakened net impacts of species richness on communities. Population variability had higher importance relative to synchrony in plant communities. In contrast, synchrony had more comparable (or even higher) importance compared to population variability in animal communities. When synchrony and population variability were not controlled, stabilizing impacts of species richness were detected in plant communities only.</span></p> <p><strong><span>M</span></strong><span><strong>ain conclusions</strong>: </span><span>Our results highlight how species richness drives stabilizing and destabilizing mechanisms simultaneously across all taxa, with strong taxonomic variation in the relative importance of these mechanisms in regulating community variability. This </span><span>questions the generality of previous findings on stabilizing impacts of species richness based on limited taxonomic coverage. Additionally, our results indicate the need to understand how the importance of stabilizing and destabilizing mechanisms differ in determining community variability across organisms and environments.</span></p>
FIG. 12 in Terrestrial behavior and trackway morphology of Neotropical bats
FIG. 12. Carollia perspicillata searching behavior trace on Cast 1 showing outlines of clustered individual pedal tracks produced by a single foot. Scale bar 1 cm
FIG. 11 in Terrestrial behavior and trackway morphology of Neotropical bats
FIG. 11. Carollia perspicillata arcuate manus tracks on Cast 1 and outlines of arcuate tracks produced by digit I of right and left manus. Scale bar 1 cm
FIG. 9 in Terrestrial behavior and trackway morphology of Neotropical bats
FIG. 9. Desmodus rotundus track morphologies: A) Left manus track showing a) digit I trace, b) wrist trace, c) distal forearm trace; B) Left pes track. Scale bars 1 cm
FIG. 8 in Terrestrial behavior and trackway morphology of Neotropical bats
FIG. 8. Desmodus rotundus bounding trackway cast showing outlines of manus and pes tracks. Dotted line represents trackway midline and arrows indicate direction of movement. Pes tracks are posterior to the corresponding manus tracks and closer to the trackway midline, except in the lower right where the bat changed direction of travel. Scale bar 5 cm
FIG. 5 in Terrestrial behavior and trackway morphology of Neotropical bats
FIG. 5. Screen capture outlines of C. perspicillata breaststrokelike locomotion method: A) Initial position with both wrists level with head; B–D) Bat pulls body forward resulting in the position of the wrists level with the shoulders; E–G) Bat picks up arms and swings wings forward; H) Bat returns wrists to position level with the head. Screen captures taken approximately 0.25 seconds apart
FIG. 14 in Terrestrial behavior and trackway morphology of Neotropical bats
FIG. 14. Micronycteris microtis cast showing outlines of manus and pes tracks lacking any discernable trackways. Scale bar 5 cm
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.