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9 results for “"Diminishing returns"”
Diminishing returns on labor in the global marine food system: Dataset S1 and code for analysis
<p>Dataset on the number of marine fishers 1950-2015 accompanying the manuscript "Diminishing returns on labor in the global marine food system" by K. J. N. Scherrer, Y. Rousseau, L. C. L. Teh, U. R. Sumaila and E. D. Galbraith. Includes 1) script for data analysis, 2) processed fisheries labor data set, 3) separate data file with average socioeconomic indicators by country needed for analysis, 4) data documentation. </p>
Best-practice forestry management delivers diminishing returns for coral reefs with increased land-clearing
<p>Protection of coastal ecosystems from deforestation may be the best way to protect coral reefs from sediment runoff. However, given the importance of generating economic activities for coastal livelihoods, the prohibition of development is often not feasible. In light of this, logging codes-of-practice have been developed to mitigate the impacts of logging on downstream ecosystems. However, no studies have assessed whether managed land-clearing can occur in tandem with coral reef conservation goals.</p> <p>This study quantifies the impacts of current land use and the risk of potential logging activities on downstream coral reef condition and fisheries using a novel suite of linked land-sea models, using Kolombangara Island in the Solomon Islands as a case study. Further, we examine the ability of erosion reduction strategies stipulated in logging codes-of-practice to reduce these impacts as clearing extent increases.</p> <p>We found that with present-day land use, reductions in live and branching coral cover and increases in turf algae were associated with exposure to sediment runoff from catchments and log ponds. Critically, reductions in fish grazer abundance and biomass were associated with increasing sediment runoff, a functional group that accounts for ~25% of subsistence fishing. At low clearing extents, although best management practices minimises the exposure of coral reefs to increased runoff, it would still result in 32% of the reef experiencing an increase in sediment exposure. If clearing extent increased, best management practices would have no impact, with a staggering 89% of coral reef area at risk compared to logging with no management.</p> <p>Synthesis and applications: Assessing trade-offs between coastal development and protection of marine resources is a challenge for decision makers globally. Although development activities requiring clearing can be important for livelihoods, our results demonstrate that new logging in intact forest risks downstream resources important for both food and livelihood security. Importantly, our approach allows for spatially-explicit recommendations for where terrestrial management might best complement marine management. Finally, given the critical degradation feedback loops that increased sediment runoff can reinforce on coral reefs, minimising sediment runoff could play an important role in helping coral reefs recover from climate-related disturbances.</p>
20220108-MTOA: Accuracy improvement from undertaking additional overlapping tasks follows a law of diminishing returns.
<p>This archive contains the results of a multi-agent simulation experiment [1] carried out with Lazy lavender [2] environment.<br><br>Experiment Label: MTOA-20220108<br><br>Experiment design: Agents improve average accuracy by tackling several tasks.<br><br>Experiment setting: Agents are trained with respect to different tasks and then coordinate upon acting on them. Each time they disagree, one agent adapts its knowledge with respect to the current task.<br><br>Hypotheses: The higher is the number of carried out tasks, the higher the average accuracy is.<br><br>Detailed information can be found in index.html or notebook.ipynb.<br><br>[1] <a href="https://sake.re/20220108-MTOA">https://sake.re/20220108-MTOA</a><br>[2] <a href="https://gitlab.inria.fr/moex/lazylav/">https://gitlab.inria.fr/moex/lazylav/</a><br><br></p>
Best-practice forestry management delivers diminishing returns for coral reefs with increased land-clearing
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Data for Cumulative hydrological impacts of forest disturbance follow the Law of Diminishing Returns
<p>This dataset supports the analysis of the manuscript, entitled "<span lang="EN-US">Long-term Cumulative Hydrological Effects of Forest Disturbances Follow the Law of Diminishing Returns in British Columbia, Canada</span>". It includes forest disturbance history, i.e., cumulative equivalent clear-cut area (CECA), hydrological sensitivities in the post-threshold period in the study watersheds, and the estiamted CECA at the upper limit and environmental variables. </p>
Updated Data for: Food-washing monkeys recognize the law of diminishing returns
<p>This is a new version draft of the data files for "Food washing monkeys recognize the law of diminishing returns" by Rosien et al. </p> <p>The original reviewed pre-print was published on the elife website on 22 July 2024: https://elifesciences.org/reviewed-preprints/98520. The data stored here are for the updated version of record.</p> <p>The published text contains methods justifications and supporting citations.</p> <p>This dataset was revised based on the recommendations of three reviewers. It now contains:</p> <ul> <li>two text files, to be run in the R programming environment (version of record is 4.4.1), containing code to replicate the GLMM analyses and produce the based figure files displayed in the paper.</li> <li>Two .csv files for running the GLMM statistics included in the revised text.</li> <li>One .csv file for figure 1, which contains sand geometric and compositional data.</li> <li>One .csv file containing intake rate data</li> <li>Six .csv files used to create figures 2 and S2 in the text.</li> <li>One Mathematica notebook file for producing the optimal cleaning model of figure 3. </li> </ul> <p>A general note: when running the scripts, the file path you utilize will differ from the ones utilized in the current text, as it depends on where on one's computer the actual .csv files are stored. The "read.csv" command in the R code will need to be customized to a particular file path. </p>
Data from: Diminishing-returns epistasis decreases adaptability along an evolutionary trajectory
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Data from: Diminishing-returns epistasis among random beneficial mutations in a multicellular fungus
Adaptive evolution ultimately is fuelled by mutations generating novel genetic variation. Non-additivity of fitness effects of mutations (called epistasis) may affect the dynamics and repeatability of adaptation. However, understanding the importance and implications of epistasis is hampered by the observation of substantial variation in patterns of epistasis across empirical studies. Interestingly, some recent studies report increasingly smaller benefits of beneficial mutations once genotypes become better adapted (called diminishing-returns epistasis) in unicellular microbes and single genes. Here, we use Fisher's geometric model (FGM) to generate analytical predictions about the relationship between the effect size of mutations and the extent of epistasis. We then test these predictions using the multicellular fungus Aspergillus nidulans by generating a collection of 108 strains in either a poor or a rich nutrient environment that each carry a beneficial mutation and constructing pairwise combinations using sexual crosses. Our results support the predictions from FGM and indicate negative epistasis among beneficial mutations in both environments, which scale with mutational effect size. Hence, our findings show the importance of diminishing-returns epistasis among beneficial mutations also for a multicellular organism, and suggest that this pattern reflects a generic constraint operating at diverse levels of biological organization.
Data from: Diminishing-returns epistasis among random beneficial mutations in a multicellular fungus
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