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150 results for “100 years”
Heavy metals in mammal tissue over the last 100 years and their proximity to populated places in Minnesota
This dataset makes use of the University of Minnesota's Bell Museum of Natural History collection examining specimens of four mammal species (a mouse, shrew, bat and squirrel) to ask how tissue metal content has changed over a 94-year time period (1911-2005), and implications for measures of individual performance (body size and cranial capacity). The metal content of organisms is often elevated closer to cities, so these specimens were examined for spatial variation in metal exposure based on their proximity to human populations and the size of those populated areas at the time of collection. Analysis of mammal tissues focused on six heavy metals associated with human activity (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Mn), to address whether these anthropogenic metal pollutants vary in concert with human activity.
Social Network Online Activity of 100+ Users Over Two Years
<p>This dataset contains a precise (error margin is within 5 seconds) activity log of 138 users recorded over a period of approximately two years. It includes users' log in/log off timestamps as well as a device id which was used during the session. An activity heat map is also provided which can be used to determine the online time (in seconds) in a given hour for a given user. The dataset is completely anonymized and is not linked to real peoples' accounts. Russian social network VK was used to record the data.</p> <p>The database is provided in SQLite3 format. The data format is the following:</p> <p><strong>'sessions' </strong>table:</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Column Name</th> <th scope="col">Data Type</th> <th scope="col">Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>user_id</td> <td>TEXT</td> <td>Unique user's identifier.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>platform</td> <td>INTEGER</td> <td>Device identifier for the session (refer to the table below).</td> </tr> <tr> <td>time_from</td> <td>DATE</td> <td>Timestamp of the session's start.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>time_to</td> <td>DATE</td> <td>Timestamp of the session's end.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><strong>'map' </strong>table:</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Column Name</th> <th scope="col">Data Type</th> <th scope="col">Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>user_id</td> <td>TEXT</td> <td>Unique user's identifier.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>hour</td> <td>INTEGER</td> <td>Hour from the 1st Jan 1970 (Unix Epoch / 3600).</td> </tr> <tr> <td>time</td> <td>INTEGER</td> <td>Accumulated online time in the hour (in seconds).</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Device identifiers:</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>0</td> <td>Unknown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Web on Mobile </td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>iPhone App</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>iPad App</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>Android App</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>Windows Phone App</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>Windows App</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>Web on Desktop</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p>This dataset is associated with the VKWatcher independent research project. The code used to gather the information can be found <a href="https://github.com/Azarattum/VKWatcher-Backend">on GitHub</a>.</p>
A Repository of 100+ Years of Measured Soil Freezing Characteristic Curves
<p>The temperature of the soil can be used as a proxy to represent the soil ice content through a soil freezing characteristic curve (SFCC). This mathematical construct relates the soil ice content to a specific temperature for a particular soil. SFCCs depend on many factors including soil properties (e.g., porosity, composition, etc.), soil pore water pressure, dissolved salts, (hysteresis in) freezing/thawing point depression, and degree of saturation, all of which can be site-specific and time varying. SFCCs have been measured using various methods for diverse soils since 1921, and to date this data has not been broadly compared, in part because it has not previously been compiled in a single data set. The dataset presented in this publication includes SFCC data digitized or received from authors, and includes both historic and modern studies.</p>
High-resolution BIOCLIM and ENVIREM grids for Europe in consecutive 100-year bins spanning the last 21,000 years
<p>Here, I provide a dataset of gridded climatic variables at a spatial resolution of 30 arc-seconds for 210 consecutive 100-year bins spanning the period from 21,000 to 0 BP. The dataset includes 19 bioclimatic and 16 ENVIREM variables (described by Title & Bemmels, 2018) commonly used in species distribution modelling. It covers the European continent and adjacent regions within the following boundaries: 32.5°W–70°E and 32.5°N–82.5°N.</p> <p>For each 100-year bin, bioclimatic and ENVIREM variables were calculated based on the downscaled and debiased monthly temperature and precipitation simulations of the Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3; Collins et al., 2006) as provided by the PaleoView software (Fordham et al., 2017). The downscaling procedure was based on the delta-change method (Ramirez Villejas & Jarvis, 2010). As a baseline climatic data, I used monthly temperature and precipitation grids from the CHELSA database for 1940–1989 (Karger et al., 2017).</p> <p>A detailed description of the dataset, including the downscaling method applied, can be found in the Technical specification attached to this dataset.</p>
Simulated daily weather dynamics and gross primary production in 3 locations for 100,000 years
<p>IMPORTANT NOTE: The data in version 1 of this record, due to an error of units in the precipitation, had a non-physical vegetation growth and gross primary production. This has been fixed in version 2 of the record/dataset. Further, version 2 of the dataset contains 3 locations because the sites called "Grassland" and "Temperate" site produced the same type of vegetation (just grasses) in version 2, that contains therefore only a "Temperate" site.</p> <p>-------------------------------------------------</p> <p>The dataset reports daily temperature, precipitation, radiation and gross primary production in 3 different geographic locations (denoted as Temperate, Boreal and Tropical), representative of different climates and vegetation distributions, for 100,000 years. Each of the .nc files contains the dataset corresponding to one particular site.</p> <p>The weather data was produced using the AWE-GEN stochastic weather generator model ( Fatichi et al., Water Resources, 34(4):448–467 (2011) ). Vegetation dynamics and gross primary production are simulated via the dynamic global vegetation model LPX-Bern v1.4 ( Lienert and Joos, Biogeosciences, 15(9):2909–2930 (2018) ). The foliar projective cover is also reported at an annual scale.</p> <p> </p>
Fig. 7 in New details of the enigmatic 100 million years old antlion-like larvae of Ankyloleon (Myrmeleontiformia, Neuroptera)
Fig. 7. All known specimens of Ankyloleon Badano, Haug & Cerretti, 2021 as simplified restorations, all to the same scale. A–C. Specimens of Ankyloleon caudatus Badano, Haug & Cerretti, 2021. D–I. Specimens of unclear species. J. Holotype (PED 2038) of A. caroluspetrus sp. nov. C–F and I based on Badano et al. (2021).
Fig. 6 in New details of the enigmatic 100 million years old antlion-like larvae of Ankyloleon (Myrmeleontiformia, Neuroptera)
Fig. 6. Late stage larva of Ankyloleon caroluspetrus sp. nov., holotype, PED 2038, and modern larva for comparison. A–C. Legs of PED 2038. A. Close-up on first pair of walking legs. B. Colour-marked version of right leg of larva. C. Colour-marked version of left leg of larva. D–E. Modern larva of an owllion ("Ascalaphidae"; for terminology issues, see Haug et al. 2022c), ZMH 62877. D. Overview in ventral view. E. Close-up on legs. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; tr = trochanter.
Fig. 3 in New details of the enigmatic 100 million years old antlion-like larvae of Ankyloleon (Myrmeleontiformia, Neuroptera)
Fig. 3. Early stage larva (stage 1?) of Ankyloleon Badano, Haug & Cerretti, 2021, species unclear, PED 1727. A. Ventro-lateral view. B. Colour-marked version of A. C. Dorso-lateral view. Abbreviations: hc = head capsule; pa = posterior abdomen; sy = stylet; te = trunk end.
Fig. 4 in New details of the enigmatic 100 million years old antlion-like larvae of Ankyloleon (Myrmeleontiformia, Neuroptera)
Fig. 4. Late stage larva of Ankyloleon caroluspetrus sp. nov., holotype, PED 2038. A. Dorsal view B. Colour-marked version of A. C. Ventral view. Abbreviations: aa = anterior abdomen; hc = head capsule; pa = posterior abdomen; pt = prothorax; sy = stylet; te = trunk end.
Fig. 5 in New details of the enigmatic 100 million years old antlion-like larvae of Ankyloleon (Myrmeleontiformia, Neuroptera)
Fig. 5. Late stage larva of Ankyloleon caroluspetrus sp. nov., holotype, PED 2038, continued. A. Closeup of head. B. Close-up of distal part of stylets. C. Close-up on inner edges of stylets with serrations. D. Close-up on possible antenna and dolichaster-like setae with prominent sockets. Abbreviations: at? = possible antenna; se = seta; so = socket. A, D are images under reflected light; B–C are inverted images under transmitted light.
Fig. 1 in New details of the enigmatic 100 million years old antlion-like larvae of Ankyloleon (Myrmeleontiformia, Neuroptera)
Fig. 1. Late stage larva of Ankyloleon caudatus Badano, Haug & Cerretti, 2021, PED 2475. A. Ventral view. B. Lateral right view. C. Dorsal view. E. Colour-marked version of a combined image of A and C. E. Close-up on tip of stylets, showing serrations. F. Close-op of pronotum with prominent setae. G. Close-up on paddle-shaped trunk end. E is an inverted image under transmitted light; all other images under reflected light. Abbreviations: hc = head capsule; pa = posterior abdomen; pt = prothorax; sy = stylet.
Fig. 2 in New details of the enigmatic 100 million years old antlion-like larvae of Ankyloleon (Myrmeleontiformia, Neuroptera)
Fig. 2. Larvae of Ankyloleon Badano, Haug & Cerretti, 2021, isolated heads with stylets. A. PED 1877a, species unclear. B–C. PED 2619, Ankyloleon caudatus Badano, Haug & Cerretti, 2021. B. Overview. C. Close-up on inner edges of stylets with serrations.
FIG. 5. — Gryllobencain patrickmuelleri n. gen., n in A 100-million-year-old ensiferan with unusual mouthparts and comments on the evolution of raptorial appendages within Polyneoptera
FIG. 5. — Gryllobencain patrickmuelleri n. gen., n. sp., BUB 3073: A, overview in dorsal view; B, close-up in anterior head area with ocelli; C, overview in ventral view; D, close-up on distal part of thorax appendage 1. In A and C background was desaturated to enhance contrast. Abbreviations: an, antenna; ce, cercus; cl, claw of thorax appendage; f1-3, femur of thorax appendage 1-3; mp, maxillary palp; oc, ocelli; ta1, tarsus of thorax appendage 1; ti1-3, tibia of thorax appendage 1-3. Scale bars: A, C, 0.5 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm.
FIG. 8 in A 100-million-year-old ensiferan with unusual mouthparts and comments on the evolution of raptorial appendages within Polyneoptera
FIG. 8. — Reconstructed growth series of Gryllobencain patrickmuelleri n. gen., n. sp. based on specimens investigated in this study: A, BUB 3073; B, PED 0147; C, PED 0178 + BUB 3072. Scale bar: 1 mm.
FIG. 9 in A 100-million-year-old ensiferan with unusual mouthparts and comments on the evolution of raptorial appendages within Polyneoptera
FIG. 9. — Comparison of the new species with other groups; all drawings idealised concerning posture: A, Gryllobencain patrickmuelleri n. gen., n. sp.; B, Saga pedo (Pallas, 1771) (Saginae; drawn from photo, sample ID 01DRAGO_H11, CC BY-NC-SA 3.0, license holder IBER, Sofia, Bulgaria, Centre for Biodiversity Genomics); C, Psacadonotus seriatus Redtenbacher, 1891 (Austrosaginae; modified after Karny 1912); D, Santanmantis axelrodi Grimaldi, 2003 (Mantodea; modified after HÖrnig et al. 2017: fig. 4, wings omitted); E, female of undetermined species (Mantophasmatodea; modified after Klass et al. 2003: fig. 3A); F, male of Cerberodon viridis Perty, 1832 (Listroscelidinae; modified after Fialho et al. 2014: fig. 9B, wings omitted).
FIG. 7 in A 100-million-year-old ensiferan with unusual mouthparts and comments on the evolution of raptorial appendages within Polyneoptera
FIG. 7. — Close-ups on head area in different specimens of Gryllobencain patrickmuelleri n. gen., n. sp. as normal versions (A, C, E) and colour-marked (B, D, F): A-D, PED 0178; A, B, latero-posterior view; C, D, mostly anterior view; elements of maxillary palp difficult to differentiate; E, F, BUB 3073, ventral view. Abbreviations: lp, labial palp; lr, labrum; md, mandible; mmx, median part of maxilla; mp, maxillary palp; mx, maxilla; pmx, proximal part of maxilla. Scale bars: A-D, 0.3 mm; E, F, 0.2 mm.
FIG. 6. — Gryllobencain patrickmuelleri n. gen., n in A 100-million-year-old ensiferan with unusual mouthparts and comments on the evolution of raptorial appendages within Polyneoptera
FIG. 6. — Gryllobencain patrickmuelleri n. gen., n. sp., BUB 3072: A, overview in dorsal view; B, close-up on cercus; C, overview in ventral view; D, close-up on head. Abbreviations: an, antenna; ce, cercus; f1, 3, femur of thorax appendage 1, 3; hc, head capsule; mp, maxillary palp; ti1, 3, tibia of thorax appendage 1, 3. Scale bars: A, C, 1 mm; B, D, 0.5 mm.
FIG. 3 in A 100-million-year-old ensiferan with unusual mouthparts and comments on the evolution of raptorial appendages within Polyneoptera
FIG. 3. — Holotype of Gryllobencain patrickmuelleri n. gen., n. sp., PED 0147, close-up on posterior end with thorax appendage 3 and cerci. Abbreviations: ce, cercus; ta3, tarsus of thorax appendage 3; ti3, tibia of thorax appendage 3. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
FIG. 4 in A 100-million-year-old ensiferan with unusual mouthparts and comments on the evolution of raptorial appendages within Polyneoptera
FIG. 4. — Paratype of Gryllobencain patrickmuelleri n. gen., n. sp., PED 0178: A, overview in dorso-lateral view; B, detail of thorax appendage 1 in posterior view; C, overview in ventro-lateral view; D, detail of thorax appendage 1 in anterior view. Abbreviations: an, antenna; c1, coxa of thorax appendage 1; ce, cercus; ey, compound eye; f1-3, femur of thorax appendage 1-3; hc, head capsule; mp, maxillary palp; sp, spine-like seta; ta1, 3, tarsus of thorax appendage 1, 3; tcl, tibia claw; ti1-3, tibia of thorax appendage 1-3; tr1, trochanter of thorax appendage 1. Scale bars: A, C, 1 mm; B, D, 0.5 mm.
FIG. 2 in A 100-million-year-old ensiferan with unusual mouthparts and comments on the evolution of raptorial appendages within Polyneoptera
FIG. 2. — Holotype of Gryllobencain patrickmuelleri n. gen., n. sp., PED 0147, close-up on thorax appendages: A, thorax appendage 1; B, thorax appendage 2; C, thorax appendage 3. Abbreviations: c2, coxa of thorax appendage 2; ce, cercus; cl, claw of thorax appendage; f1-3, femur of thorax appendage 1-3; ta1-3, tarsus of thorax appendage 1-3; tcl, tibia claw; ti1-3, tibia of thorax appendage 1-3. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.