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1,356 results for “1985”
Litterfall and Hare Pellet Summary at Bonanza Creek LTER Control Plots (1985 - Present)
Litterfall weights and Hare Pellet counts at LTER Control Plots within the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest and the Caribou Poker Creek Research Watershed.
Litterfall data from creosote sites along the Jornada Basin LTER transect, 1985-1988
This dataset contains measurements of litterfall from creosote shrub communities along the Jornada Basin LTER (LTER-I) transects in southern New Mexico, USA. These transects are located in a livestock exclosure established in 1982 in the Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) and run from the middle of the College Playa up to the foot of Mt. Summerford (2.7 km in length). Prior to the exclosure, the study site was moderately to heavily grazed for the past 100 years. The treatment transect was treated annually with ammonium nitrate fertilizer (NH4NO3 at 10g N/m2/yr) until 1987. Creosotebush litterfall was collected monthly from traps under ten shrubs in the creosote zones along the control and treatment transects. Oven-dry weights of leaves, stems, and seed fractions as well as total dry weight of monthly collections are recorded. This study is complete.
Litterfall data from mesquite sites along the Jornada Basin LTER transect, 1985-1988
This dataset contains measurements of litterfall from mesquite communities along the Jornada Basin LTER (LTER-I) transects in southern New Mexico, USA. These transects are located in a livestock exclosure established in 1982 in the Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) and run from the middle of the College Playa up to the foot of Mt. Summerford (2.7 km in length). Prior to the exclosure, the study site was moderately to heavily grazed for the past 100 years. The treatment transect was treated annually with ammonium nitrate fertilizer (NH4NO3 at 10g N/m2/yr) until 1987. Mesquite litterfall was collected monthly from traps under ten shrubs in the mesquite fringe on the south side of College Playa. Oven-dry weights of leaves, stems, and seed fractions as well as total dry weight of monthly collections are recorded. This study is complete.
The Southern Ocean carbon cycle 1985-2018: Mean, seasonal cycle, trends and storage - Data
<p>Postprocessed data set used for RECCAP2 Southern Ocean chapter:</p><p>Hauck, Gregor, et al.: The Southern Ocean carbon cycle 1985-2018: Mean, seasonal cycle, trends and storage</p><p>The raw data is available at: Müller, Jens Daniel. (2023). RECCAP2-ocean data collection [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7990823</p><p>Scripts for plotting are available at https://github.com/RECCAP2-ocean/Southern-Ocean and a frozen version of the scripts is deposited at:</p><p>Judith Hauck, Luke Gregor, Cara Nissen, Lavinia Patara, Mark Hague, & Precious Mongwe. (2023). The Southern Ocean carbon cycle 1985-2018: Mean, seasonal cycle, trends and storage - Scripts. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10076121</p><p> </p>
Water availability parameters for area around Figueres for 1985 - 2015
<p>Water availability modelling results from the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) Macroscale Hydrologic Model model giving surface water parameters such as evapotranspiration, baseflow and runoff for an area around Figueres up to the Gulf of Roses, between the years 1985 - 2015.</p> <p>This dataset is deliverable D4.6 for the E4Warning project "<strong>Potential breeding areas - 1st draft version</strong>". These water availability parameters indicate the hydrological conditions to enable mosquitoes to breed and, as such, are an important covariate in determining the introduction and spread of mosquito borne diseases.</p> <p>Area of interest is given in terms of Subbasins of river sections classified according to modified Pfafstetter subbasins slopes to the Mediterranean I north.</p>
Ecosystem Responses to Hurricanes across North America, the Caribbean, and Taiwan; 1985 to 2018
Tropical cyclones play an increasingly important role in shaping ecosystems. Understanding and generalizing their responses is challenging because of meteorological variability among storms and its interaction with ecosystems. Data here represent the responses of ecosystems to hurricanes from across North America, the Caribbean and Taiwan. Data across a variety of ecosystems are represented here including wetlands, estuaries, marine, terrestrial and fresh water systems. These data measure a variety of different parameters to understand ecosystem response such as biogeochemical, hydrological and physical measurements as well as the abundance of mobile and sedentary biota. Meteorological data characterizing tropical cyclones are also presented and are derived from: IBTrACS: International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship Global storm track data set for all recorded low pressure systems and tropical cyclones dating back to 1842. Data includes timestamped spatial information on storm center location as well as meteorological readings of wind speed, wind direction, and barometric pressure. Most importantly for the purposes of this data set, wind speeds at various distances from storm center are provided, which allows for the development of a model of wind speed with distance for different category storms. GRIDMET: University of Idaho Gridded Surface Meteorological Dataset The Gridded Surface Meteorological dataset provides high spatial resolution (~4-km) daily surface fields of temperature, precipitation, winds, humidity and radiation across the contiguous United States from 1979. The dataset blends the high resolution spatial data from PRISM with the high temporal resolution data from the National Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) to produce spatially and temporally continuous fields that lend themselves to additional land surface modeling. This dataset contains provisional products that are replaced with updated versions when the complete source data becom
Arctic Grayling length, weight and tag data from Arctic LTER Streams project, Toolik Filed Station Alaska, 1985 to 2018
Since 1983, the Streams Project at the Toolik Field Station has monitored physical, chemical, and biological parameters in a 5-km, fourth-order reach of the Kuparuk River near its intersection with the Dalton Highway and the Trans-Alaska Pipeline. In 1989, similar studies were begun on a 3.5-km, third-order reach of a second stream, Oksrukuyik Creek. Fish were collected on each river. Station locations, representing kilomter values certain distances from original phosphorus dripper (see method) were noted. 1985 to 2012 long-term tagging file for Arctic Grayling (Thymallus arcticus) on the Kuparuk River. All grayling adults and juveniles captured during the field season are measured, weighed, tagged and released. Grayling were tagged originally with a colored tag with a number. In 1993, researchers started pit tagging the grayling. These pit tags can be read with an antenna to track the migration of the grayling throughout the Kuparuk River system. Arctic grayling young-of-the-year (YOY) were caught multiple times during each summer and measured and weighed as well. This file combines the data from the following data sets: Dataset ID Short name 10325 1985-2012_Kuparuk_Grayling_Tags 10327 1986-2012_Kuparuk_YOY 10329 1989-2011_Oksrukuyik_Grayling_Tags 10330 1989-2012_Oksrukuyik_YOY
Database of Geographic Information: Change in groundwater level, Central Arizona-Phoenix, 1985-2000
Change in Level of Groundwater in central Arizona-Phoenix, 1985-2000. This file shows spatial changes in groundwater levels for two separate time periods: 1985-1989 and 1996-2000. This is a spatial data object with a Coordinate Reference System (CRS) of EPSG:3479 NAD83(NSRS2007) / Arizona Central (ft); https://www.spatialreference.org/ref/epsg/3479/). The coordinate reference system (CRS) associated with these data when they were constructed initially was misrepresented in early versions (<= knb-lter-cap.101.8) of this dataset. The CAP LTER has attempted to assign a CRS based on reasonable values but the accuracy of the identified CRS cannot be certain.
Composited land surface temperature of the greater Phoenix, Arizona, USA metropolitan area and surrounding Sonoran desert derived from cloud-free, summer (June, July, and August) Landsat imagery: 1985-2020
This project calculates land surface temperature (LST) from remotely sensed imagery. The intent is to extend the previous version of the LST data for the CAP LTER study area in central Arizona, USA to include 2020 and update the products so that they are based on a composite of images from each year (all available cloud-free acquisitions from June, July, and August) in the analysis to reduce the potential for outlier images or pixels to impact analyses. The aim is to make updated LST data accessible to stakeholders and researchers studying the greater Phoenix, Arizona, USA metropolitan area. LST is calculated from cloud-free Landsat 5 and 8 imagery (30m resolution) from summer months (June, July, and August) in 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. All images are cropped to the CAP LTER study area boundary.
Grasshopper survey and substrate utilization data at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1983 to 1985
This dataset contains grasshopper occurrence observations sampled from 9 plots on the east bajada of the Dona Ana Mountains at the Jornada Basin LTER site from 1983 to 1985. Three plots were situated on the bajada parallel to and 200 m south of the LTER-I transect. Two additional sets of three plots were located 5 km and 10 km south of the LTER transect. Each plot is composed of two 50 meter belt transects, each divided into ten 5-square-meter quadrats. Grasshoppers were visually sampled in each quadrat/plot, once in May, July and September, in 1983, 1984 and 1985. Each individual grasshopper, its age, sex and the substrate it was observed on, are recorded as observations in the dataset. This study is complete.
Herbaceous vegetation size and cover data in grasshopper survey quadrats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1984 to 1985
This dataset contains annual herbaceous plant data collected in association with grasshopper surveys during 1984 and 1985 as part of the Jornada Basin LTER program. Annual herbaceous plant data was collected from Jornada grasshopper plots on the east bajada of the Dona Ana Mts. Three plots were situated on the bajada parallel to and 200 m south of the LTER-I transect. Two additional sets of three plots were located 5 km and 10 km south of the LTER transect. Each plot is composed of two 50 m belt transects, each divided into ten 5-meter-squared quadrats. Annual plants were measured in the northeast 1 square meter of each quadrat. All individuals of each species were counted and measured. A mean diameter, height, and the total number of individuals per 1-square-meter quadrat were recorded. Measurements were taken in May, July, and September of 1984, and in May and September of 1985. This dataset consists of the date of collection, plot number, transect number, quadrat number, plant species code, mean plant diameter, and mean plant height. This dataset is complete.
Globally distributed lake surface water temperatures collected in situ and by satellites; 1985-2009
Global environmental change has influenced lake surface temperatures, a key driver of ecosystem structure and function. Recent studies have suggested significant warming of water temperatures in individual lakes across many different regions around the world. However, the spatial and temporal coherence associated with the magnitude of these trends remains unclear. Thus, a global dataset of water temperature is required to understand and synthesize global, long-term trends in surface water temperatures of inland bodies of water. We assembled a database of summer lake surface temperatures for 291 lakes collected in situ and/or by satellites for the period 1985-2009. In addition, corresponding climatic drivers (air temperatures, solar radiation, and cloud cover) and geomorphometric characteristics (latitude, longitude, elevation, lake surface area, maximum depth, mean depth, and volume) that influence lake surface temperatures were compiled for each lake. This unique dataset offers an invaluable baseline perspective on global-scale lake thermal conditions as environmental change continues. This dataset accompanies a data publication in the journal Scientific Data
US Atlantic and Gulf Coast Annual Wetland Land Cover and Change Maps, 1985 to 2022
<h3>This dataset is associated with the following article published in Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, which can be accessed here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2024.101392</h3> <p>Shortly after publishing version 2, errors in the map projections were identified and corrected. Please use version 3 instead of version 2.</p> <p>Updates to version 2 were as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Includes watersheds in Texas that were not included in Version 1.</li> <li>A color map (using ArcPro) was added for improved interpretation.</li> <li>A sub-pixel scale offset in the change type map, related to map projection errors, was corrected.</li> </ul> <h2><strong>Mapping Coastal Wetland Changes from 1985 to 2022 in the US Atlantic and Gulf Coasts using Landsat Time Series and National Wetland Inventories</strong></h2> <p>Courtney A. Di Vittorio<sup>1</sup>, Melita Wiles<sup>2</sup>, Yasin W. Rabby<sup>2</sup>, Saeed Movahedi<sup>2</sup>, Jacob Louie<sup>1</sup>, Lily Hezrony<sup>1</sup>, Esteban Coyoy Cifuentes<sup>1</sup>, Wes Hinchman<sup>1</sup>, Alex Schluter<sup>1</sup></p> <p><sup>1</sup>Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.</p> <p><sup>2</sup>Department of Statistics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.</p> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The areal extent of coastal wetlands is declining rapidly worldwide, and scientists and land managers need land cover maps that show the magnitude and severity of changes over time to assess impacts and develop effective conservation strategies. Within the United States (US), the widely-used, continental-scale wetland land cover data products are either static in time (The National Wetlands Inventory) or have a course temporal resolution, and do not distinguish between different types of change (the NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program, C-CAP). This study presents a new coastal wetland geospatial data product that leverages the Landsat database and maps annual land cover across the US Atlantic and Gulf Coasts from 1985 to 2022. The algorithm was trained on the existing US wetland inventories to make the final maps compatible with products that are used in operational management. A multi-stage classification approach was designed that uses Google Earth Engine and the Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithm to characterize time series of remote sensing imagery with fitted harmonic functions and identify when changes likely occurred. The fitted time series models are then input into a random forest classifier to make a class prediction. An annual-scale random forest classification is performed in parallel, and results from both algorithms are combined and analysed to detect both gradual and abrupt changes and to identify transitional time series segments. A time series smoothing procedure is subsequently applied to ensure class transitions are logical and consistent and extract a summative change characterization map that shows the severity and spatial density of change. The final maps distinguish between four homogenous classes and six mixed classes, representing areas that are transitioning between classes and where the boundaries between classes are unstable. The average overall accuracy of the algorithm is 93.7%, and the average class omission and commission errors are 6.7% and 6.4%, respectively. A variety of change detection comparisons were performed, using the existing wetland inventory that employed a fundamentally different change detection approach, and a more comparable annual-scale, Landsat-derived product that estimated changes across the Northeastern Atlantic Coast. These comparisons show that the magnitude of severe changes matches that of the existing inventory and the magnitude of the moderate changes matches that of the more comparable product. The 2019 Wetland Status and Trends Report estimated that net loss rates in emergent wetlands from 2010 to 2019 amount to 1.7%, and the new maps show an equivalent loss rate of 1.6%, again showing close agreement.</p>
Datos y código asociados a la publicación "Análisis de la producción de corcho en 6 municipios del Parque Natural de Los Alcornocales (Cádiz-Málaga) durante los últimos 30 años (1985-2014)"
<p>Datos y código asociados a la publicación "Análisis de la producción de corcho en 6 municipios del Parque Natural de Los Alcornocales (Cádiz-Málaga) durante los últimos 30 años (1985-2014)", Almoraima. Revista de Estudios Campogibraltareños, 49, diciembre 2018. Algeciras. Instituto de Estudios Campogibraltareños, pp. 211-225</p>
Stable isotope ratios of C, N and S in Southern Ocean sea stars (1985-2017)
<p>Sea stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) are a key component of Southern Ocean benthos, with 16% of the known sea star species living there. In temperate marine environments, sea stars commonly play an important role in food webs, acting as keystone species. However, trophic ecology and functional role of Southern Ocean sea stars are still poorly known, notably due to the scarcity of large-scale studies. Here, we report 24332 trophic marker (stable isotopes and elemental contents of C, N and S of tegument and/or tube feet) and biometric (arm length, disk radius, arm to disk ratio) measurements in 2456 specimens of sea stars. Samples were collected between 12/01/1985 and 08/10/2017 in numerous locations along the Antarctic littoral and Subantarctic islands. The spatial scope of the dataset covers a significant portion of the Southern Ocean (Latitude: 47.717° South to 86.273° South ; longitude: 127.767° West to 162.201° East ; depth: 6 to 5338 m). The dataset contains 133 distinct taxa, including 72 currently accepted species spanning 51 genera, 20 families and multiple feeding guilds / functional groups (suspension feeders, sediment feeders, omnivores, predators of mobile or sessile prey). For 505 specimens, mitochondrial CO1 genes were sequenced to confirm and/or refine taxonomic identifications, and those sequences are already publicly available through the Barcode of Life Data System. This number will grow in the future, as molecular analyses are still in progress. Overall, thanks to its large taxonomic, spatial, and temporal extent, as well as its integrative nature (combining genetic, morphological and ecological data), this dataset can be of wide interest to Southern Ocean ecologists, invertebrate zoologists, benthic ecologists, and environmental managers dealing with associated areas.</p>
Tree species, diameter, regeneration, and herbaceous cover from 218 plots in 1985 in Black Rock Forest, NY.
A stand inventory was completed in 1985 in Black Rock Forest, Cornwall, NY across 3112 acres. Trees greater than 2" in diameter at breast height (DBH) were tallied using a 10 basal area factor prism in 218 plots across 71 stands. For each tree, species, DBH, number of eight foot pieces, overall form, crown class, and any special notes were recorded. Regeneration was measured at each location by tallying all trees less than 2" DBH in a 2-m radius plot. Shrub and herbaceous cover at each location were also tallied in a 2-m radius plot.
Long-term log decay experiments at the Andrews Experimental Forest, 1985 to 2185
These data are collected from six sites within the H. J. Experimental Forest and are part of a 200-year experiment on the decomposition of logs in a terrestrial environment. The taxa being examined in the experiment are Douglas-fir, western hemlock, western redcedar, and Pacific silver fir. The data start in 1985 and are periodically updated as samples are taken. The last collection of data is planned in 2185. Periodically logs are sampled by measuring their diameters and lengths as well as bark cover and the fraction of their length in contact with the ground. Cross-sections are removed with a chainsaw and dissected with a table saw or other means to determine the density of bark and wood samples. These samples systematically sample each cross-section and can be used to reconstruct the spatial pattern of decomposition. Subsamples are ground and nutrient concentrations are determined to calculate nutrient stores. Twenty one data tables are associated with this study. A general description of the logs (length, diameters, bark cover) is found in td01401 and can be used to estimate how the log has fragmented over time. The areal extent of tissue types (outer bark, inner bark, sapwood, and heartwood) and zones of rotten wood from cross-sections is documented in td01418 and td01419. The position of the pith in each cross-section, a useful indicator of volume loss, is documented in td01420. The density (dry mass/green volume) of samples is documented in td01403 and based on the weights of individual samples (td01404) as well as their dimensions (td01405). The arrangement of samples into transects (top to bottom, left to right) within the cross-sections is documented in td01406. To help explain why some samples may be more dense than others, the area of the sample cross-section covered by knots is documented in td01407 (knots are more decay resistant and of greater density than wood). The radial thickness of inner and outer bark of the undecayed logs is documented in td014
Comparison of terrestrial versus aquatic decomposition rates of logs at the Andrews Experimental Forest, 1985 to 2015
The data collected from this study describe the decomposition of small logs (20-30 cm diameter, 2 m length) in a stream channel to those on an adjacent upland site at the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. The stream is a 3rd order above the junction of Lookout Creek and Mack Creek. Three species of trees are being examined: Douglas-fir, western hemlock, and red alder. Data collection started in 1985 and is scheduled to continue to 2050. Periodically a subset of logs is resampled to determine changes in volume, bark cover, density, and nutrient stores. The last set of samples was collected in 2005. Logs ranging in diameter between 20 and 30 cm of a length of 2 m were cut out of live trees of the three species. Logs were placed by hand along a skid road at the terrestrial site. A cable system was used to place log randomly along a stream reach. The location of logs in the stream is noted when they are sampled. The length and diameter as well as bark cover of each sampled log is noted at the time of sampling (td01701). Six cross-sections are removed with a chainsaw. The thickness of the tissue types is noted (inner bark, outer bark, sapwood, and heartwood) and are described in td01702. Samples of each tissue type are taken to determine their moisture content (water mass/dry mass) and density (dry mass/green volume). Density is derived from dry mass and volume as determined via dimensional measurements. Dimensional data, volumes, masses, density, and moisture content are documented in the td01703 table. The volume of logs and tissue types, the total mass, and proportional mass of the tissue types as well as moisture contents is derived from the data in the other data tables and is stored in the td01704 table.
Macroinvertebrate collections following floods in Sycamore Creek, Arizona, USA 1985-1999
The primary objective of this project is to understand how long-term climate variability influences the structure and function of desert streams. Climate and hydrology are intimately linked in arid landscapes; for this reason, desert streams are particularly well suited for both observing and understanding the consequences of climate variability and directional change. Arid regions are characterized by high interannual variation in precipitation, and these climate patterns drive the overall disturbance regime (in terms of flooding and drying) and nutrient status of desert stream ecosystems. At long time scales, the number and size of floods in a given year or cluster of years dictate nutrient delivery to streams from the surrounding catchment, and also influence the biogeomorphic structure of the stream-riparian corridor. Embedded within this decadal-scale hydrologic regime, flash floods scour stream channels and initiate a series of rapid successional changes by benthic algae and macroinvertebrates at short time scales (i.e., within a year). An important goal of this research is to determine how recovery following discrete events is influenced by both stream nutrient status and channel structure and to thus better understand how long-term climate variability and change guide the interactions among slow (biogeomorphic change) and fast (post-flood succession) features and processes characteristic of desert stream ecosystems.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Optical parameters and SST from SeaWiFS and MODIS, ongoing since 1997 and AVHRR-derived SST from 1985 to 2009
Monthly averages of the Sea Surface Temperature (SST), the Sub-surface chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl), the colored dissolved and detrital organic materials at 443 nm (acdm[443]) and the particulate backscattering coefficient at 443 nm (bbp[443]) around Moorea are obtained or derived from satellite data (SST from AVHRR and MODIS-Aqua; Chl, acdm[443] and bbp[443] from SeaWiFS and MODIS-AQUA). The satellite data are averaged over a 1 month period for geographic areas of 16S-19S/147W-151W (SeaWiFS and MODIS-AQUA) and 15S-20S/145W-155W for AVHRR. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2022). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
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