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2,097 results for “2001”
Overnight Shark River Surveys from Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE), South Florida from October 2001 to March 2002
Estuarine mixing interfaces have been a focus of wetland ecologists for the last three decades and are of growing concern today. Particularly critical in Everglades restoration, water quality and the dynamics of nutrients and dissolved materials across seasons in the natural system are being defined. We measured diurnal and seasonal (wet and dry) variation in microbial, dissolved and total nutrients and total organic carbon along a riverine transect and for a diurnal cycle in October of 2001 and March of 2002. For the diurnal sampling we anchored a houseboat mid Shark River 100m up river of the mesohaline Florida Coastal Everglades Shark River LTER site and sampled the water for chemical, microbial, and physical parameters. At slack high and low tides we sampled 10 miles offshore then at three sites up the Shark River. TOC (mM) and salinity (ppt) were highly correlated (r2 .97) along the river transect across seasons and TOC derived from terrestrial input. Bacterial production ranged from 1.88 to 10.99 mg C l-1 d-1 and was greatest in the dry season and at the most freshwater sampling points. Combined examination of our 49 sampled parameters both from the diurnal sampling and river transect sampling showed that our position for sampling in the river was critical and that the mid river-estuarine productivity maxima occurred within Shark River in both the wet and dry season. These data suggest this oligotrophic estuarine-river system is highly sensitive to watershed and river fringe nutrient inputs and remineralization vectors within the river.
Disturbance to permanent monitoring plots at GCE sites 1-10, from 2001 to 2024.
We established permanent vegetation monitoring plots in creekbank and midmarsh at GCE sites 1-10 in 2000. A dedicated Juncus zone was later added at sites 10 and 9. Starting in 2001, when we recorded plant sizes, we also noted any disturbance to the plots. Plots were scored as normal (no visible disturbance), disturbed by wrack (wrack present in plots and stems dead or broken), disturbed by snails (>100 Littoraria per square meter and plant biomass low), disturbed by pigs (animal trail through the plot, this mostly happened at site 8 mid-marsh), initial slump (plot at the creekbank sliding into the creek based on movement of pvc poles or formation of a crevasse), and terminal slump (plot had slid far enough down that vegetation had drowned). Plots that experienced terminal slump or could not be found for any reason were scored as lost. Lost plots were replaced with a new plot in the same general area with the plot code incremented by 10. For example if plot 3 was lost, it was replaced by 13, and then in turn by 23.
Elevation and soil salinity transects at Airport Marsh and Old Beach Road on Sapelo Island, Georgia in 2001
To examine the relationship between elevation and soil characteristics, I sampled two sites on Sapelo Island (Old Beach Road and Airport Marsh) in July of 2001. At each site, I collected 160 soil samples across a transect from the high to the low marsh, and surveyed the relative elevation of each sample location with a theodolite. I determined soil water content gravimetrically, soil organic content by ashing samples, and soil salinity by rehydrating dried soils, adding deionized water, measuring the salinity of the supernatant, and back calculating to the original soil water content.
Borrichia removal experiment at Dean Creek marsh on Sapelo Island, Georgia between 1995 and 2001
To examine the effect of Borrichia on Batis and Sarcocornia sp., I completely clipped all vegetation from six 0.5 x 0.5 m quadrats in a mixed stand of the three species at the Dean Creek marsh in June 1995. Six additional plots were left unmanipulated as controls. Removal and control plots were fully interspersed. I clipped Borrichia from the removal plots every 6 months but allowed other plant species to re-colonize.
Tree Growth and Above-Ground Biomass at Harvard Forest HEM and LPH Towers since 2001
Tree diameter (“dbh”) at 1.25 m above ground were recorded and stainless steel dendrometer bands for trees above 10 cm dbh were attached. Increases in tree diameter were calculated from increases in the distance between holes punched in the dendrometer bands. Tree diameters and diameter increases were used to estimate aboveground biomass and aboveground carbon storage in order to characterize the forest at the flux tower sites, and to quantify the amount of carbon being stored aboveground annually.
Barre Woods Soil Warming Experiment at Harvard Forest since 2001
Two of the major results of our original soil warming study were that: (1) warming stimulated the decay of a labile soil carbon pool; and (2) it also increased the availability of inorganic nitrogen to plants. Because of the small size of the original warming plots an important question we have not been able to answer conclusively is: Has the increase in available nitrogen led to an increase in carbon storage in the vegetation? And if yes, how much? In a systems context an additional question is: What is the balance between the carbon lost from the soil and the carbon stored in the vegetation in response to soil warming? We are now addressing these important questions with a new warming experiment in the Barre Woods area of the Harvard Forest. The Barre Woods site was chosen because of its similarities to the Prospect Hill site - stand age, tree species composition, and soil type. There is no evidence of a plow horizon at the Barre Woods site, though surrounding stone walls indicate past use as pastureland. Historical records indicate the site was destroyed during the 1938 hurricane and then regrew naturally. During the summer and fall of 2001 we buried 3.4 miles of heating cable in a 30 x 30m plot. Cables were buried at a 10cm depth, spaced 20cm apart. A second 30 x 30m area was delineated to serve as the control plot. Results from the original soil warming experiment confirmed that the soil disturbance associated with the installation of heating cables has had no effect on soil temperatures and only minor and variable impacts on soil moisture. In April 2002, we began a one-year period of baseline measurements before turning on the heat in the new megaplot. These measurements included nitrogen mineralization, trace gas fluxes (CO2, CH4, N2O), tree growth (dendrometer bands), an understory species survey, canopy foliage analysis (C:N, NIR), and lysimetry. Thermistors were installed in both plots to begin tracking soil temperatures. The baseline measurements have con
Fisher Meteorological Station at Harvard Forest since 2001
The Fisher Meteorological Station became operational on 11 Feb 2001. The station is located in an open field 200 m north of the Shaler Met Station, in a site chosen to minimize the angle of surrounding trees above the horizon (currently 15-25 degrees from the station at breast height). The Fisher Met Station records air temperature, relative humidity, dew point, precipitation (including water equivalent of snow), global solar radiation, PAR radiation, net radiation, barometric pressure, scalar wind speed, vector wind speed, peak gust speed (1-second), vector wind direction, standard deviation of wind direction (wind measurements at 10 m height), and soil temperature (10 cm depth). Instruments are scanned once per second, and 15-minute (hourly before 2005) and daily values are calculated and stored by a datalogger. Data for the current month are available online, updated every 15 minutes, with out-of-range values replaced by NA but values not otherwise checked. Earlier data are checked and archived monthly with missing, questionable, and estimated values flagged, following methods of the LTER ClimbDB project. A log of events affecting station measurements (e.g., instrument repair and recalibration, ice storms, lightning) and selected monthly and annual values are also posted. For current data, please see: https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/met-hydro-stations. For a longer climate record that includes adjusted data from the Shaler Met Station, please see dataset HF300.
Imputed Forest Composition Map for New England Screened by Species Range Boundaries 2001-2006
Initializing forest landscape models (FLMs) to simulate changes in tree species composition requires accurate fine-scale forest attribute information mapped contiguously over large areas. Nearest-neighbor imputation maps have high potential for use as the initial condition within FLMs, but the tendency for field plots to be imputed over large geographical distances results in species frequently mapped outside of their home ranges, which is problematic. We developed an approach for evaluating and selecting field plots for imputation based on their similarity in feature-space, their species composition, and their geographical distance between source and imputation to produce a map that is appropriate for initializing an FLM. We applied this approach to map 13m ha of forest throughout the six New England states (Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine). The map itself is a .img raster file of FIA plot CN numbers. To access FIA data from this map, one has to link the mapcodes in this map to FIA data supplied by USDA FIA database (https://apps.fs.usda.gov/fia/datamart/datamart.html). Due to plot confidentiality and integrity concerns, pixels containing FIA plots were always assigned to some other plot than the actual one found there.
Land-Use Impacts on Ecosystem Services Provisioning in Massachusetts 2001-2011
Meeting fundamental human needs while also maintaining ecosystem function and services is the central challenge of sustainability science. In the densely populated state of Massachusetts, USA, abundant forests and other natural land cover convey a range of ecosystem services. However, after more than a century of reforestation following an agrarian past, Massachusetts is again losing forests, this time to housing and commercial development. We used land-cover maps, ecosystem process models, and land-use data bases to map changes (2001, 2006, 2011) in eight ecosystem service variables and to identify “hotspots,” or areas that produce a high value of five or more services, at three policy-relevant spatial scales. Water-related services (clean water provisioning and flood regulation) experienced local declines in response to shifting land uses, but changed little when measured at the state-level. General habitat quality for terrestrial species declined state-wide during the study period as a consequence of forest loss. In contrast, climate regulation (carbon storage) and cultural services (outdoor recreation) increased, driven by continued forest biomass accrual and land protection, respectively. Timber harvest volume had high inter-annual variability, but no temporal trend. The scale at which hotspots are delineated greatly affects their quantity and spatial configuration, with a higher density in eastern Massachusetts and 10–12% more hotspots overall when they are identified at a town scale as compared to a watershed or state scale. Ecosystem service hotspots cover a small percentage of land area in Massachusetts (2.5–3.5% of the state), but are becoming more abundant as urbanization concentrates ecosystem service provisioning onto a diminished natural land base. This suggests that while ecosystem service hotspots are valuable targets for conservation, more are not necessarily better since hotspot proliferation can reflect the bifurcation of the landscape into servic
Leaf Traits of Darlingtonia Californica in Oregon and California 2001
Scaling relationships among photosynthetic rate, foliar nutrient concentration, and leaf mass per unit area (LMA) have been observed for a broad range of plants. Leaf traits of the carnivorous pitcher plant Darlingtonia californica, endemic to southern Oregon and northern California, USA, differ substantially from the predictions of these general scaling relationships; net photosynthetic rates of Darlingtonia are much lower than predicted by general scaling relationships given observed foliar nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and LMA. At five sites in the center of its range, leaf traits of Darlingtonia were strongly correlated with elevation and differed with soil calcium availability and bedrock type. The mean foliar N : P of 25.2 6 15.4 of Darlingtonia suggested that these plants were P-limited, although N concentration in the substrate also was extremely low and prey capture was uncommon. Foliar N : P stoichiometry and the observed deviation of Darlingtonia leaf traits from predictions of general scaling relationships permit an initial assessment of the "cost of carnivory" in this species. Carnivory in plants is thought to have evolved in response to N limitation, but for Darlingtonia, carnivory is an evolutionary last resort when both N and P are severely limiting and photosynthesis is greatly reduced.
Biocomplexity at North Temperate Lakes LTER: Coordinated Field Studies: Riparian Littoral Sites 2001 - 2004
General descriptive data for sites sampled as part of the "cross-lake comparison" segment of the Biocomplexity Project (Landscape Context - Coordinated Field Studies). The goal of the study was to explore the links between terrestrial and aquatic systems across a gradient of residential development and lake landscape position. Specifically, this project attempted to relate the abundance of Coarse Wood in the littoral zone with abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic features of the adjacent shoreline. Sampling Frequency: each site sampled once Number of sites: 488 sites on 61 Vilas County lakes were sampled from 2001-2004 (approximately 15 different lakes each year; eight sites per lake).
Biocomplexity at North Temperate Lakes LTER; Coordinated Field Studies: Littoral Plots 2001 - 2009
In 2001 - 2004 the abundance of coarse wood and other aspects of the physical structure of the littoral zone were surveyed along transects that followed the 0.5 m depth contour at 488 sites in Vilas County. These data were collected as part of the "cross-lake comparison" segment of the Biocomplexity Project (Landscape Context - Coordinated Field Studies). The study explored the links between terrestrial and aquatic systems across a gradient of residential development and lake landscape position. Specifically, this project attempted to relate the abundance of Coarse Wood in the littoral zone with abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic features of the adjacent shoreline. Each of the 488 sites was a 50 m stretch of shoreline. The transects started and ended at the beginning and end of the site; the length of each transect, therefore, varied. Logs which were at least 150 cm in length were counted; more detailed descriptions were taken of logs at least 10 cm in diameter and 150 cm long. Information on littoral and shoreline substrate was also collected. Sampling Frequency: each site sampled once Number of sites: 488 sites on 61 Vilas County lakes were sampled from 2001-2004 (approximately 15 different lakes each year; eight sites per lake).
Biocomplexity at North Temperate Lakes LTER; Coordinated Field Studies: Riparian Plots 2001 - 2004
Living and dead trees and abiotic and anthropogenic characteristics of the shoreline were surveyed at 488 sites around lakes in Vilas County. These data were collected as part of the "cross-lake comparison" segment of the Biocomplexity Project (Landscape Context - Coordinated Field Studies). The study explored the links between terrestrial and aquatic systems across a gradient of residential development and lake landscape position. Specifically, this project attempted to relate the abundance of coarse wood in the littoral zone with abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic features of the adjacent shore. At each of the 488 sites, three 100 sq m plots, extending from the shoreline 10 m inland, were sampled. Additional plots farther inland were sampled at some sites. At each plot the survey team recorded the general appearance of the plot, measured all trees at least 5 cm dbh, measured and described downed wood and snags at least 10 cm in diameter, and recorded any overhanging trees. Saplings (at least 30 cm tall, but less than 5 cm dbh) were counted in two 5m x 5m plots per site. Sampling Frequency: each site sampled once Number of sites: 488 sites on 61 Vilas County lakes were sampled from 2001-2004 (approximately 15 different lakes each year; eight sites per lake).
Biocomplexity at North Temperate Lakes LTER; Coordinated Field Studies: Littoral Macrophytes 2001 - 2004
The aquatic vegetation of 60 lakes selected for the "cross-lake comparison" segment of the Biocomplexity Project was surveyed during the month of August in years 2001 through 2004. The study lakes are located in Vilas County, Wisconsin and were chosen to represent a range of positions on gradients of both human development and landscape position. The purpose of the macrophyte portion of the "cross-lake comparison" study was to evaluate the roles of landscape position and human development in the presence and composition of macrophyte communities.
Biocomplexity at North Temperate Lakes LTER; Coordinated Field Studies: Zooplankton Presence/Absence 2001 - 2004
Zooplankton samples were taken at approximately the deepest part of 58 lakes included in the "cross-lake comparison" segment of the Biocomplexity Project. The samples were from years 2001 through 2004. The study lakes are located in Vilas County, Wisconsin and were chosen to represent a range of positions on gradients of both human development and landscape position. Zooplankton samples were analyzed for planktonic crustacean and insect species. Number of sites: 58 Sampling Frequency: each site sampled once
Biocomplexity at North Temperate Lakes LTER; Coordinated Field Studies: Lakes 2001 - 2004
The study lakes selected for the "cross-lake comparison" segment of the Biocomplexity Project include 62 lakes located in Vilas County, Wisconsin. The lakes were chosen to represent a range of positions on gradients of both human development and landscape position.
Biocomplexity at North Temperate Lakes LTER; Coordinated Field Studies: Coarse Woody Habitat Data 2001 - 2009
These data were collected to test for changes in the population dynamics and the food webs of the fish populations of Little Rock and Camp lakes, Vilas County, WI, USA. Little Rock Lake was the site of a whole-lake removal of coarse woody habitat in 2002 and Camp Lake was the site of a whole-lake coarse woody habitat addition in 2004. Sampling began in May of 2001 and ended in August of 2006. Some sampling was repeated from 2007 to 2009. Number of sites: 4. Two lakes with reference and treatment basin in each lake.
Biocomplexity at North Temperate Lakes LTER; Whole Lake Manipulations: Aquatic Macrophytes 2001 - 2010
Macrophyte surveys were conducted on Sparkling Lake, Vilas County, Wisconsin in mid-July of the years 2001 to 2004 and 2007 to 2009. Eight sites were chosen that corresponded to trap survey sites for rusty crayfish and represented the range of macrophyte communities in the lake. At each site, we swam a transect perpendicular to shore from 0 to 4 m depths. A tape measure extended from shore to the 4 m depth contour, and buoys were placed at the 1, 2, 3, and 4 m depth contours. Quadrats were placed along each transect at 1 m intervals.We visually estimated the percent cover of each macrophyte species within a 1 meter-squared quadrat. Transect: corresponds to trap survey site number. Quadrat: occur at 1 m intervals starting from shore (0) and going until you reach the 4 m depth contour (highest number). Substrate: substrate within the quadrat categorized as muck, sand, gravel, cobble, logs, leaves, or any combination of these. Abundance: percent cover of each species within the quadrat determined by visual estimation. The percent covers of all species within a quadrat do NOT necessarily add to 100. Depth Interval: depth interval that each quadrat was in. Quadrats between 0 and 1 m deep are in depth interval 1, those between 1 and 2 m deep are in depth interval 2, etc. Number of sites: 8 Sampling Frequency: annually during summer
Biocomplexity at North Temperate Lakes LTER; Whole Lake Manipulations: Exotic Crayfish Removal 2001 - 2010
As part of a whole-lake experiment to overexploit a rusty crayfish (O. rusticus) population in Sparkling Lake, Vilas County, Wisconsin, crayfish were intensively trapped and removed from the lake from early to mid June through late August starting from 2001through 2008. From 2001 to 2004, removal traps were concentrated on the southern and western shorelines of the lake, where cobble is prevalent and catch rates were highest. Starting in 2005, additional traps were used and trapping effort was spread around the entire perimeter of the lake. Additional traps (perimeter) were set on standard arrays at 43 sites around the lake at 1 m deep from 2001 through 2006. In 2001 and 2003, traps (depth transect) were also set on standard arrays that ranged from 0.5 to 12 m deep. From 2001-2004, trap_site corresponds to one of the 43 standard sites where the trap was set. For perimeter and depth transect trapping, one trap is set at a trap site. During the removal trapping, 10 traps are set at each of the standard trapping sites. The trap_id identifier contains more information about the spatial location of a removal trap. From 2005-2008, traps were numbered sequentially moving clockwise around the lake starting at site 1, with no reference to standard trapping sites from previous years. In 2009, traps were set at the 43 standard sites. Capture data were recorded in 2009 but crayfish were not removed. Daily catch statistics: The data table Crayfish Daily Capture Summary provides the number of each species captured each day in the perimeter and removal traps. Also included are data on the number of traps pulled on that day and the number of trap_days these traps represent. These data can be used to calculate capture rates. The data table Crayfish Daily Capture by Station has daily catch statictics for 2009 at the capture site level. Crayfish length measurements: Prior to 2005, a crayfish that was measured could be associated with the specific trap in which it was captured. These l
Biocomplexity at North Temperate Lakes LTER; Whole Lake Manipulations: Rainbow Smelt Removal 2001 - 2009
Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) are a harmful invasive species in lakes of northern Wisconsin. Smelt were first detected in Sparkling Lake, Vilas county, WI in 1980 and their population has since increased dramatically. We attempt to remove rainbow smelt from Sparkling Lake through a combined strategy of harvest and predation. If successful, such a strategy might be employed to restore other Wisconsin lakes invaded by smelt to a more natural species assemblage without resorting to piscicides. The data sets presented here report the harvest component of smelt removal. An assessment of the rainbow smelt population, supplementing annual LTER data, was performed during the late summer of 2001. The spring removal effort began in 2002 at ice out using multiple gear types. In 2002, the removal effort also continued from mid to late summer using horizontal gill nets. However, from 2003-2009 we took advantage of smelt spawning behavior and our efforts were condensed to a spring removal at ice-off and we utilized only fyke nets. The total weight of each catch was recorded and length-weights as well as sex ratios were documented for a subset of the catch from each removal event. The removal effort resulted in the removal of the majority of the adult population multiple times. However, smelt are a robust species and the population continuously rebounded from large removal years. As a result, catches have fluctuated from 16kg to nearly two tons. We have observed an overall reduction in fish size and an increase in the proportion of males to females. Sampling Frequency: annually
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.