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openCC (other)Dec 2025View details →

Soil Physical Data from the Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE), from November 2000 to January 2007

Soil pH, Eh and temperature readings are taken at SRS1b, SRS1c, SRS1d, SRS2 and SRS3. These measurements are taken only when the marsh is wet. Measurements are taken using an Orion model 250A meter, and the probes attached to the meter are the Orion Thermo pH probe and the Orion Eh probe. All readings are recorded in field notebooks, and then transferred into Microsoft Excel. The Eh reading is taken when the Eh probe is attached to the meter and the word "Ready" appears on the meter screen. The pH and temperature reading are taken when the pH probe is attached to the meter and the word "Ready" appears on the meter screen.

Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Uptake by Sarracenia Purpurea at Harvard Forest and Fort Albany ON 2007

The nitrogen-limited carnivorous pitcher plant Sarracenia purpurea and its associated detritus-based food web is a model system for studying plant nutrient dynamics. We tested if S. purpurea can directly take up intact amino acids and compared uptake of organic and inorganic forms of nitrogen (N) across a gradient of N deposition. At sites in Canada and the United States, individual pitchers with complete or incomplete food webs were fed U-13C-15N-glycine, U-13C-15N-phenylalanine and 15NH415NO3 individually and in mixture. Plants took up intact amino acids. Acquisition of each N form provided in isolation exceeded uptake of the same form in mixture. At the high deposition site, uptake of 15N from amino acids was higher than uptake of 15N from inorganic nitrogen. At the low deposition site, uptake of 15N from all three forms of N were similar. Completeness of the associated food web had no effect on 15N uptake. By taking up intact amino acids, Sarracenia purpurea can short-circuit the inorganic N cycle, thus minimizing potential bottlenecks in N availability that result from the plant’s reliance for nitrogen mineralization on a seasonally reconstructed food web operating on infrequent and irregular prey capture.

Root and Mycorrhizal Respiration at Harvard Forest Soil Warming Experiments 2007-2008

Soil heating typically causes large initial increases in soil respiration, with the enhancement lessening over time. This transient response is attributed to rapid decomposition of labile soil C compounds in the first years of heating, but the potential role of changes in root and mycorrhizal respiration is not well understood. To assess the degree to which root respiration adjusts to warmer soil temperature regimes, specific root respiration rates (nmol CO2/g/s) are being measured in three soil warming experiments at Harvard Forest. Soils in the experiments had been heated since 1991, 2003 and 2006. Respiration rates for fine roots (less than 1 mm) from control and heated plots were measured both at a common reference temperature of 18 deg C and at the ambient soil temperature of the measurement date for the control and heated (+ 5 deg C) treatments. Mycorrhizal respiration is being assessed through the use of hyphal ingrowth bags which allow determination both mycorrhizal hyphal biomass and respiration rate. Changes in mycorrhizal community composition are also being investigated. Specific questions we will address include: Does rapid temperature acclimation occur in roots of large perennial woody plants? How do root biomass, root N concentration, and root respiration rates adjust to long-term changes in soil temperature and moisture and concomitant changes in N availability? How is mycorrhizal biomass and activity influenced by the effects of warmer soil temperatures on host C balance and soil N availability? How do the short- and long-term responses of roots and mycorrhizae to warming and associated changes in soil nutrient cycling affect soil CO2 efflux and C availability for aboveground NPP? Are the interrelationships between warmer soil temperature regimes and C fluxes to and from roots and mycorrhizae adequately described by current ecophysiological models?

Proteolytic Enzyme Activity in Temperate Forest Soils at Harvard Forest and Pisgah State Forest 2007-2010

The objective of this research is to investigate the processes that limit or promote the activity and production of proteolytic enzymes in temperate forest soils. To meet this objective, we performed a series of integrated observations and experiments to investigate a conceptual model of proteolytic enzyme activity whereby activity is a function of the interaction between four parameters: soil temperature and moisture, substrate concentration, and the enzyme pool size. We used four dominant temperate forest tree species that differ in SOM chemistry and the enzymatic capabilities of their fungal symbionts as a model system. These four species differed in mycorrhizal association, with white ash (Fraxinus americana) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum) supporting arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia) supporting ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. Further, the ECM associated species have leaf litter and SOM that is characterized by higher ratios of C:N than the AM associated. Soil samples were collected two sites, one located at the Prospect Hill Tract of the Harvard Forest and the other at the Pisgah State Forest. The sites have similar land use history and stand age. Soils at both sites are inceptisols classified as Typic Dystrochrepts derived from glacial till overlying granite-schist-gneiss bedrock. Experimental plots dominated by one of four target tree species were established at each site. Stands of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia) were located in Pisgah. Stands of Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and white ash (Fraxinus americana) were located in Harvard Forest. At a later date, plots were also established in a red oak (Quercus rubra) stand on Prospect Hill in the MES tower footprint. At each site we located six replicate, 8 m radius, monodominant plots that were based on the following criteria: (1) more than 80% of the standing basal area was composed of the targ

Tree Inventories for Validating Terrestrial Lidar Measurements at Harvard Forest 2007-2014

Our objective is to improve the measurements of canopy structure and biomass of a forest stand and detect their annual changes via a ground-based laser scanning technology, also known as terrestrial lidar (TLS). A TLS instrument utilizes lasers to scan an environment, measure 3D locations of objects encountered by lasers and detect intensities of laser lights scattered by those objects back to the TLS instrument. TLS have shown abilities and is being further explored to retrieve stem diameter, stem count density, stand height, leaf area index, foliage profile, foliage area volume density, aboveground biomass and other useful forest structural parameters rapidly and accurately. Three TLS instruments used in this project include: (1) the Echidna (R) Validation Instrument (EVI), built by CSIRO Australia; (2) Dual-Wavelength Echidna® Lidar (DWEL), built by Boston University, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, University of Massachusetts, Boston and CSIRO Australia; (3) Compact Biomass Lidar (CBL), built by University of Massachusetts, Boston. To validate the forest structural parameters retrieved using these TLS instruments, we set up a one-ha (100 m by 100 m) forest site and collected tree inventory data including: tree location, tree species, DBH, tree height and crown dimension since 2007 with a two-year gap of 2008 and 2009. Lidar data are available from the ORNL DAAC (http://dx.doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1045).

openCC (other)Dec 2022View details →

WSC 2007 - 2012 Yahara Watershed surface water quality policies and practices created and implemented by public agencies

This dataset was created June 2012 - August 2013 to contribute to research under the Water Sustainability and Climate project. Interventions collected are those land-based policies and practices written and implemented by public agencies. Policies were implemented in Wisconsin's Yahara Watershed the period 2007-2012. They aim to improve surface water quality through nutrient (phosphorus and nitrogen) and sediment reduction. Interventions included in the mapping must have spatially-explicit, publicly available data through personal communication or website.

zenodo56/100

Monthly precipitation in mm at 1 km resolution (multisource average) based on SM2RAIN-ASCAT 2007-2021, CHELSA Climate and WorldClim

Monthly precipitation in mm at 1 km resolution based on SM2RAIN-ASCAT 2007-2021 (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2615278">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2615278</a>). <a href="https://github.com/Envirometrix/LandGISmaps/tree/master/input_layers/clim1km">Downscaled to 1 km resolution using gdalwarp</a> (cubic splines) and combined with WorldClim (<a href="https://worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html">https://worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html</a>) and CHELSA Climate (<a href="https://chelsa-climate.org/downloads/">https://chelsa-climate.org/downloads/</a>) monthly values. Final values are estimated as a simple average between the three precipitation data sources; a more objective approach would be to use training points e.g. meteo-station monthly values, then train an ensemble model using the 3 data sources as independent variables. Another global data source of precipitation images is the <a href="https://gpm.nasa.gov/data/imerg">monthly IMERGE dataset</a>, however this requires transformation and is available only for limited span of years. Processing steps are available <a href="https://gitlab.com/openlandmap/global-layers/-/tree/master/input_layers/SM2RAIN">here</a>. Antarctica is not included. Standard deviation (sd) indicates a difference between the 3 data sources. To access and visualize maps use: <a href="https://openlandmap.org">https://openlandmap.org</a>. If you discover a bug, artifact or inconsistency in the maps, or if you have a question please use some of the following channels: <ul> <li>Technical issues and questions about the code: <a href="https://gitlab.com/openlandmap/global-layers/issues">https://gitlab.com/openlandmap/global-layers/issues</a> </li> <li>General questions and comments: <a href="https://disqus.com/home/forums/landgis/">https://disqus.com/home/forums/landgis/</a></li> </ul> All files internally compressed using "COMPRESS=DEFLATE" creation option in GDAL. File naming convention: <ul> <li>clm = theme: climate,</li> <li>precipitation = variable: precipitation,</li> <li>wc.v2.1.chelsa.v2.1.sm2rain.oct = determination method: long-term average values for October,</li> <li>m = mean value,</li> <li>1km = spatial resolution / block support: 1 km,</li> <li>s0..0cm = vertical reference: land surface,</li> <li>1980..2020 = time reference: from 1980 to 2020,</li> <li>v0.3 = version number: 0.3,</li> </ul>

opencc-by-sa-4.0Sep 2018View details →

openCC (other)Jul 2025View details →

Sub-Alpine Lake (>600 m) High-Frequency Water Temperature, DOC (2007-2021), and Weather Station (Fall 2023) Dataset, Maine, USA.

We collected high-frequency surface and bottom water temperature in a set of nine high-elevation lakes in Maine, USA from 2007-2021. High-elevation is defined >600m above sea level. Dissolved organic carbon concentration data for the same time period and set of lakes is modified from Nelson, S.J., R.A. Hovel, J.F. Daly, A.L. Gavin, S. Dykema, and W.H. McDowell. 2021. Northeastern Mountain Ponds Geochemistry Compilation 1978-2019 ver 1. Environmental Data Initiative. https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/8b51d651da0e0cff8c6ad853ef69ec3b. Air temperature and precipitation data were collected from a weather station deployed in the Mountain Pond watershed in Fall 2023 to aid comparison with low and high resolution PRISM datasets.

openCC (other)Aug 2023View details →

Lake Sunapee Instrumented Buoy: High-Frequency Weather Data, 2007-2022

The Lake Sunapee/Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) instrumented buoy, operated by the Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA www.lakesunapee.org), is equipped with meteorologic (weather) sensors. The Lake Sunapee buoy is located near Loon Island Lighthouse (43.391°N, 72.058°W) during the summer months and in the Lake Sunapee Harbor (43.386°N, 72.081°W) (2010-current) from late fall to spring. During the first few years of data collection (2007-2010), the buoy was located near Loon Island year-round. The meteorological sensors include: a LI-COR LI-190R Quantum Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) sensor (May 2018 - present), an air temperature sensor (HMP50 Vaisala, 2010-present), and a wind speed/direction sensor (WXT511 Vaisala, 2009-present) sensor. These sensors are located approximately 1.7 meters above the water's surface. The buoy is also equipped with below-water surface sensors comprised of water temperature thermistors and dissolved oxygen sensors, and as of 2021, a YSI EXO multiparameter sonde. The data from the below water sensors are available in a separate dataset (EDI data package edi.499). All data in this data package have been QAQC'd to remove obviously errant readings, highly suspicious readings, and artifacts of buoy maintenance.

openCC (other)May 2023View details →

Lake Sunapee Instrumented Buoy: High Frequency Water Quality Data - 2007-2022

The Lake Sunapee (Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network—GLEON) instrumented buoy, operated by the Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA www.lakesunapee.org), is equipped with a thermistor chain, one optical dissolved oxygen probe suspended at approximately 10 meters depth (installed in 2013), and a multi-parameter sonde (installed in 2021) at 1 meter depth. An optical dissolved oxygen (DO) probe was located at 1.5 meter prior to the 2021 deployment of the multi-parameter probe from the inception of the buoy and the deep DO sensor was at 10.5 meters depth prior to 2021 since deployment. The number of thermistors and below-surface depth of the thermistors has fluctuated throughout the years and the additional water quality sensors have changed over time. The Lake Sunapee buoy is located near Loon Island Lighthouse (43.391°N, 72.058°W) during the summer months and in the Lake Sunapee Harbor (43.386°N, 72.081°W) (2010-current). During the first few years of data collection (2007-2010), the buoy was located near Loon Island year-round. In two instances, HOBO units were deployed at the buoy's location when sensors failed. This occurred in 2015 (in place of the thermistors) and in 2018 (in place of the shallow DO sensor). All data in this data package have been QAQC'd to remove obviously errant readings, highly suspicious readings, and artifacts of buoy maintenance. Additionally, flags have been added per sensor, to indicate calibration and non-calibration of the optical DO probe, location of the buoy, and to document other potential confounding observations. Dissolved oxygen data and data from the multi-parameter probe are “raw”: they are have not been corrected for calibration issues, drift, or fouling. Additional documentation and data are provided including manual DO measurements, visual comparisons of buoy-recorded DO and manual DO measurements, and an overview of how and where DO offsets applied in the data logger program were removed.

openCC0Jan 2022View details →

Lead Risk Factors for West and North Philadelphia: 2007-2020

Provides all data used for the creation of the maps and spearman correlation analysis for a lead risk assessment of North and West Philadelphia. This includes data on: lead-in-soil, land recycled sites, demolitions, housing code violations, age of housing, smelters, and elevated blood lead levels of children. The data was used for a spatial analysis of historic and current lead sources in West and North Philadelphia to determine which lead sources act as primary lead-risk factors, identify future soil sampling sites and high-risk neighborhoods in Philadelphia.

openOpenApr 2024View details →

Bonanza Creek LTER: Hourly Snow Pillow Measurements from 2007 to Present in the Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed near Fairbanks, Alaska

The snow pillow records the hourly water content of the snowpack (snow water equivalent) at the CARSNOW site within the Caribou Poker Creeks Research Watershed during the winter months. It consists of two 1m square aluminium "pillows" filled with a propylene glycol/water solution attached via piping to a druck pressure transducer. The pressure on the pillow is converted to cm of water. A manometer tube is also attached for manaul readings and calibration.

openOpenMar 2022View details →

Bonanza Creek LTER: Point Bar Vegetation Survey of Bonanza Creek LTER Research Plots (2007-Present)

Beginning in 2007 ocular vegetation estimates were replaced by the point bar system. The point bar is meant to be a more objective way of carrying out annual vegetation surveys. In particular because you are placing the point bar in the same location every time a site is visited, a better understanding of vegetation change over time is possible. This method replaces the old system of estimating percent cover visually (<a href="https://www.lter.uaf.edu/data/data-detail/id/174"> Vegetation Plots of the Bonanza Creek LTER Control Plots: Species Percent Cover (1975 - 2009) </a>), which is often subject to personal bias and small shifts in species composition are often overlooked. Data from both methods were collected during the 2007, 2008, and 2009 field seasons, and regression analysis shows unique and statistically significant relationships between the two methods depending on growth form. At each site, growth forms were evaluated separately, and at each site there is a specific regression model for each growth form. In this way a user can correlate the two methods and data collected before 2007 can be compared to data collected after the new protocol was established.

openCC (other)Oct 2025View details →

Movements of aquatic predators within the Shark River estuary (FCE LTER), Everglades National Park, South Florida, USA, June 2007 - ongoing

In South Florida, the allocation of freshwater resources is a constant source of debate. Stakeholders competing for freshwater include agriculture, rapidly growing urban populations, and the natural environment with its associated ecosystem services. Among these services, one of the most valuable is the provisioning of coastal recreational fisheries, which generates roughly $8 billion annually in angler expenditures in Florida alone. Yet, the interplay between freshwater allocation and the sustainability of these coastal fisheries remains poorly understood. One pathway of influence is through the availability of resources and food. Seasonal rainfall and freshwater management drive pulses of freshwater marsh prey into estuaries, creating short-lived but abundant foraging opportunities. Previous research has shown that these prey pulses occur primarily in the inland reaches of the estuary, providing resources for recreationally and ecologically important consumers such as the Common Snook (Centropomus undecimalis), Florida Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides), Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), Atlantic Tarpon (Megalops atlanticus), Bull Shark (Carcharhinus leucas), and American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). However, it is unclear how far these species move to exploit this subsidy, or whether such pulses increase reproductive output and long-term population stability. Further, sea level rise is changing how economically and ecologically important taxa use estuarine environments. To address these questions, we use acoustic telemetry to track the multi-year (2007–present) movements of key estuarine taxa, including Common Snook, Florida Largemouth Bass, American Alligator, and Bull Shark, within the Shark River Estuary of Everglades National Park. This multi-species approach expands our focus from freshwater and estuarine predators to include apex predators that link freshwater, estuarine, and marine ecosystems. From a science perspective, our research provides

Moths, Ants and Pitcher Plants in Bogs at Harvard Forest and Belchertown MA 2007-2013

Ecologists have long recognized that coexistence of interacting species depends on a diversity of separate, but linked habitats. Most models of species coexistence treat these habitat "patches" as unchanging elements of the landscape, but in reality, they are constantly changing in size and shape. The structure and dynamics of the food webs that inhabit them both control and depend on these changes. In this five-year (2006-2011) collaborative project, we are using a combination of extensive field surveys and intensive field experiments to understand how species interactions change the spatial distribution of dynamic habitat patches across the landscape, and to determine how food webs are structured within and among these patches. The experimental system for this five-year research project is the Sarracenia "microecosystem": the northern pitcher-plant Sarracenia purpurea; the unique food web of bacteria, protozoa, rotifers, mites, and fly larvae that live within its rainwater-filled leaves; three species of bog-inhabiting ants that are the primary prey for this carnivorous plant; and larvae of the pitcher-plant moth, Exyra fax, which cut and drain pitchers and remove food web habitat. Results from surveys of bogs in all six New England state and field experiments conducted at bogs at Harvard Forest and Belchertown, Massachusetts will be used to parameterize a simulation model to predict changes in spatial structure of ant, moth, and plant populations, and the structure and composition of the aquatic food web associated with the plant. This work is funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation, through collaborative awards 0541680 and 0541936.

openCC0Apr 2024View details →

Plantation Biodiversity Plots at Harvard Forest since 2007

Plantations have been part of forestry at Harvard Forest since its beginning. Plantations were established from 1911-1944, usually on open or cut-over land. The objectives for plantation forests at Harvard Forest were to: increase the amount of productive forest land; examine the suitability of various species and cultivars to New England conditions; and test planting and tending methods. At first, mainly small plantings (less than 1 to 4 acres) were established primarily on "blank" lands. Some larger plantations (20+ acres) were established on cut-over land around 1930. The bulk of the plantings were red pine, white pine and spruce (white and Norway), but several other conifers were also planted. The maximum amount of land in plantations came to about 270 acres (less than 10% of Harvard Forest’s land base). Tending of the plantations, especially weeding in the decade following establishment, but also in-filling, pruning and thinning, was conducted and carefully documented. However, tending of plantations ceased about 1950. Since then, the fate of the plantations has been mixed. Some plantations were out-competed by native forest with only scattered planted trees remaining. A few acres of plantations were harvested in the 1950s. About 40 acres of plantations were harvested in the 1990s. As of 2007, approximately 135 acres remained. These stands range in age from 60-90 years old. Some stands have substantial areas blown down. We developed a management plan to harvest about 80 acres of mature plantation forests beginning in 2008 in order to terminate these long term experiments, to regenerate a diversity of native tree species and restore native forests to these sites, and to initiate a new suite of long term experiments. For the next 10-15 years, the harvested areas will provide early successional habitat for a variety of wildlife species. A suite of permanent vegetation plots was established throughout the plantations to assess vegetation structure in plantations an

Nonstructural Carbohydrates in Forest Trees at Harvard Forest 2007-2010

Forest trees accumulate and store surplus nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) as resources to be used to support future growth. This can be viewed as a conservative investment strategy, providing reserves that the tree can utilize in times of stress. NSC reserves are thus important in the context of forest responses to climate change, and forest ecosystem carbon cycling. At quarterly intervals over a three year period, we have monitored stemwood nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) reserves of the dominant tree species of New England at three sites along a forest composition gradient: an oak-dominated transition hardwood forest (Harvard Forest), a maple-beech-birch northern hardwood forest (Bartlett Experimental Forest), and a spruce-fir boreal transition forest (Howland Forest). Adding to recent evidence indicating that in mature forest trees the nonstructural carbohydrate pool is surprisingly large, our results suggest that this pool is also highly dynamic, and unexpectedly old. In most species, seasonal dynamics in starch (2-4x higher in the growing season, lower in the dormant season) mirrored those of sugars. This data set contains 3 y of quarterly NSC concentration measurements (stemwood starch and sugars - sucrose, glucose, fructose, raffinose, stachyose - in mg per g OD wood tissue) for red maple, eastern hemlock, and red oak at the Harvard Forest.

Inorganic Nitrogen Pools and Tree Composition in Hemlock Removal Experiment at Harvard Forest 2007-2009

This study assessed how the change in leaf litter input and environmental conditions, from that of hemlock stands to earlier successional deciduous stands, will affect inorganic nitrogen availability at the interface of the mineral soil and LFH horizons. In early October 2007 we exchanged 0.5 x 0.5 m "loaves" of LFH horizons from hemlock and deciduous stands between forest types, while keeping control plots in the original forest stands. Inorganic nitrogen outputs from the litter loaves were monitored for 20 months using ion-exchange resins, removing and replacing the resins three times at 5 - 8 month intervals. Results indicated that there were differences between the control hemlock and deciduous loaves - NO3 and NH4 availability were higher in deciduous stands. However, the transfer of litter loaves from one stand type to another did not reveal changes in nutrient availability due to a shift in habitat. Rather, the methodology of moving litter loaves to a new site caused greater changes in nutrient availability, particularly over the summer months.