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32 results for “2013-2014”
Continuous Measurement of Canopy Fluorescence at Harvard Forest 2013-2014
Vegetation fluorescence, a very small amount of radiation emitted as a byproduct of photosynthesis, is a direct indicator of plant physiology. Monitoring the solar-induced plant fluorescence provides a powerful tool to understand how the plant photosynthesis responds to environmental factors such as solar radiation, temperature and precipitation as well as to stress and disturbance. We installed the ground-based fluorescence observation system to explore the Franhofer lines in the solar spectrum to monitor the canopy fluorescence. Fluorescence data could also be used to link with eddy covariance data in flux towers, the digital camera data and solar radiation data, providing a good supplementary to numerous data collected at Harvard Forest.
Monitoring Amphibians in the Declined Hemlocks at Harvard Forest 2013-2014
Disturbances such as outbreaks of nonnative insects and pathogens can devastate unique habitats and directly reduce biodiversity. The foundation tree species Tsuga canadensis (eastern hemlock) is declining due to infestation by the nonnative insect Adelges tsugae (hemlock woolly adelgid). The decline and expected elimination of hemlock from northeastern US forests is changing forest structure, function, and assemblages of associated species. We assessed changes in occupancy, detection probability, and relative abundance of two species of terrestrial salamanders, Plethodon cinereus (eastern red-back salamander) and Notopthalmus viridescens viridescens (eastern red-spotted newt), in the experimental removal of T. canadensis at Harvard Forest. Four treatments (logging, girdling, hemlock control and hardwood control) have been applied and replicated in eight 0.81-ha plots. Salamanders were sampled under cover boards and using visual encounter surveys in June-July of 2013 and 2014. Removal of the hemlock canopy increased occupancy of P. cinereus but significantly reduced its estimated detection probability and abundance. Estimated abundance of N. v. viridescens also declined dramatically after canopy manipulations. Our results suggest that ten years after hemlock loss due to either the adelgid or pre-emptive salvage logging, and 50-70 years later when these forests have become mid-successional mixed deciduous stands, that the abundance of these salamanders likely will be less than 50% of their abundance in current, intact hemlock stands.
Inter-Chemical Correlation results for the study: NHANES20132014 (NHANES Survey 2013-2014)
Title: NHANES Survey 2013-2014 <br>Species: Homo sapiens <br>Number of samples: 10269 <br>Number of named analytes: 218 <br>Datasource url: https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/search/datapage.aspx?Component=Laboratory <br>
Year-round metabolism data from Lakes Simcoe (Ontario, 2010-2011), Diefenbaker, Blackstrap, and Broderick (Saskatchewan, 2013-2014), Canada.
This year-round limnology dataset is from four dimictic Canadian water bodies: three mesotrophic reservoirs in southern Saskatchewan (SK; Blackstrap, Broderick, Diefenbaker) and one oligo-mesotrophic large lake in southern Ontario (Lake Simcoe). Physical, chemical, and biological parameters were measured during the open-water and ice-covered seasons in 2010–2011 (Lake Simcoe) and the SK reservoirs in 2013–2014. Two stations were sampled on Blackstrap reservoir, one on Broderick reservoir, three on Diefenbaker reservoir, and seventeen on Lake Simcoe. Sampling was conducted from a boat during the open-water season and during winter, we accessed the same stations by snowmobile and sampled through holes in the ice. Epilimnetic or surface water was collected for parameters listed below, and δ18O-O2 (oxygen) stable isotope samples were collected from one to 4 depths per station, depending on water column depth and lake thermal structure that day. Parameters reported included photosynthetically active radiation, vertical attenuation coefficient, mean daily mixed layer irradiance, total phosphorus, total dissolved phosphorus, dissolved reactive phosphorus, total dissolved nitrogen, particulate nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate, chlorophyll a, particulate organic carbon, and phytoplankton biovolumes. Photosynthesis irradiance (P-E) parameters were measured including the light saturation parameter, maximum relative electron transport rate through PSII, and the light limited slope of the P-E curve. We also measured areal net productivity, areal gross productivity, and areal respiration via three different methods including fluorometry via a Water-PAM fluorometer, O2 concentrations and δ18O-O2 values, and light-dark bottle experiments measuring changes in O2 concentrations.
Arts and humanities in the LTER Network: understanding extent, values, and challenges by assessing the relevance of empathy in the LTER Network, 2013-2014
The Long-term Ecological Research (LTER) Network is a collection of 25 National Science Foundation-funded sites committed to long-term, place-based investigation of the natural world. While activities primarily focus on ecological research, arts and humanities inquiry emerged in 2002 and since then a substantial body of creative work has been produced at LTER-affiliated sites. These art-humanities-science collaborations parallel a wider trend in universities and nonprofits. However, there is little empirical work on the value and effectiveness of this work. After launching a survey in 2013 to assess the values and challenges associated with arts and humanities in the LTER Network, which identified empathy as a meaningful potential outcome of this creative work, we conducted a follow-up analysis to understand: the relevance of empathy in the LTER Network; the role of empathy in bridging arts, humanities, and science collaborations; and the capacity of empathy to connect wider audiences both to LTER science and to the natural world. Our research included phone interviews with representatives from 15 LTER sites and an audience perception survey at an LTER-hosted art show. We found that arts-humanities-science collaborations have great potential to catalyze relationships between scholars, the public, and the natural world; cultivate inspiration and empathy for the natural world; and spark awareness shifts that can enable pro-environmental behavior. Our research demonstrates the potential for art-humanities-science collaborations to facilitate conservation attitudes and action in the Network and beyond.
Sediment temperature at three depths below sediment surface in intertidal mudflats in Virginia, 2013-2014
We logged the sediment temperature at three intertidal mudflat sites between September, 2013 and September, 2014. At each site, three submersible temperature loggers (HOBO Pendant UA-002; Onset Computer Corporation) were buried at 3 cm, 10 cm and 20 cm below the sediment surface. Temperature was recorded in ten minute intervals. Each site was unvegetated with muddy sediment. For sites 1 and 2, data was recorded in two time series. Time series 1 from 09/02/2013 - 12/16/2013 and time series 2 from 12/19/2013 - 09/18/2014. At site 2, 20 cm depth, no data was recorded after 12/16/2013. At site 3, data was recorded at all depths continuously from 09/2/2013 to 08/28/2014. Date and time was recorded as GMT offset by -5 hours (Eastern Standard Time).
Data on specialist and generalist herbivory, environmental variation, and phytochemical similarity from the Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil: 2013-2014
What: These are data on specialist and generalist herbivory from naturally occurring Piper plants as well as environmental data collected in 10 m diameter plots across sites in the Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil. Data also include chemical similarity calculated as the Morisita similarity index for species in a given plot and chemical modules that demonstrate classes of compounds that group together and influence herbivory. Why: Data were collected to understand factors that influence herbivory and tropical forest richness with a particular focus on secondary chemistry metabolomics. Where: Field sites include São Bento de Sapucaí (-22.8758, -45.8581), Parque Nacional de Itatiaia (-22.3698, -44.6285), Parque Estadual de Intervales (-24.3088, -48.2736), and Parque Estadual de Serra do Mar - Núcleo Pincinguaba (-23.6200, -46.7222). When: Data were collected in the field from Dec 2013 – May 2014. How: Field data were collected in 10 m diameter plots centered on randomly located Piper plants. Chemical data come from 1H-NMR metabolomics.
Nitrogen cycling in accidental urban wetlands in the Salt River (central Arizona, USA): the effects of season, inundation and plants on denitrification (2013-2014)
This project sought to understand the spatial and temporal patterns and drivers of denitrification in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River in Phoenix, AZ. Accidental urban wetlands are the result from human activities but are not designed nor managed for any specific purpose; thus, they are useful for examining the effects of both human and non-human drivers of ecosystem processes. For this study, we examined how seasonal monsoon and winter floods affected denitrification in different plant patch types at wetlands with different inundation regimes. Inundation regimes of the study wetlands are driven by storm drains that supply urban baseflow to the wetlands; however, the timing and frequency of discharges differ among storm drains resulting in different durations of inundation. Some storm drains provide enough baseflow that wetlands remain inundated year-round (perennially inundated) while others provide very little baseflow, so inundation is largely in response to rain events (ephemerally inundated). Intermittently inundated wetlands receive enough baseflow to remain inundated for part of the year. At each study wetland, we identified 2-4 dominant plant patch types, including one unvegetated patch. We took 2-4 soil samples from each patch type at each site in each season (pre-monsoon, post-monsoon and winter rainy seasons). We measured denitrification potential, soil organic matter, soil moisture, soil nitrate, soil texture, and water depth. In addition to soil characteristics, we also collected data on plant traits for each patch type. Plant functional traits provide one method to examine mechanistic links between plants and ecosystem processes. Measured plant traits were above- and belowground biomass, above- and belowground C:N ratios, and rooting depth.
Debris temperature and ablation measurements from the Lirung Debris-Covered Glacier (2013-2014), Nepal
<p>These data are from the debris-covered portion of Lirung Glacier, Langtang Valley located in the Langtang National Park of the Nepal Himalaya that were collected during three field expeditions between September 2013 and April 2014. The data includes debris temperature measurements at two different sites of the glacier in three different seasons of the year 2013 (Monsoon and Winter) and 2014 (Pre-Monsoon). Debris temperature measurements from thermistors located at the surface (Black-colored dirty ice) to up to 40 cm from the surface. Dataset also included the ablation measurement in three seasons at different debris-thicknesses. Below is a brief description of the two different datasets:</p> <p>- Ablation_stake_data_Lirung_glacier_CHAND.csv: ablation stake measurement in the Monsoon and Winter season of 2013 and pre-monsoon season of 2014 from Chand and Kayastha (2018) and Chand et al. (2015).</p> <p>- Debris_temperature_profile_Lirung_Glacier_CHAND.csv: debris temperature measurements (Degree Celcius) where the depth is reported in cm from Chand and Kayastha (2018).</p> <p>----- Citing datasets -----</p> <p>Chand, M. B., and Kayastha, R. B. (2018). Study of thermal properties of supraglacial debris and degree-day factors on Lirung Glacier, Nepal. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 10(5): 357-368 doi:10.3724/SP.J.1226.2018.00357</p> <p>Chand, M. B., Kayastha, R. B., Parajuli, A., and Mool, P. K. (2015). Seasonal variation of ice melting on varying layers of the debris of Lirung Glacier, Langtang Valley, Nepal, Proc. IAHS, 368, 21–26, https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-368-21-2015</p> <p> </p>
SNSF Open Access Monitoring: Data Publications 2013-2014
<p>This spreadsheet contains supplemental data to the report: "Open Access to Publications: SNSF monitoring report 2013 - 2015" (http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.584131), where it was found that at least 39% of publications out of SNSF funded grants are either Gold or Green Open Access.</p> <p>The initial data is based on the reported publications to the Swiss National Science Foundation via the grant administration system mySNF as of <strong>11. September 2015.</strong> This data is also available as open data on p3.snf.ch. Please be aware, that grant beneficiaries can update the metadata to the reported publications, including the Open Access status anytime during and after the end of a grant.</p> <p>Prior to validation, the actual publication date of publications with “in press/accepted” status was verified insofar as possible, and the details updated (approx. 3'000 publications). For further processing only publications with <strong>publication date 2013-2014</strong> were considered. Publications with the status “in press/accepted” status were excluded. Duplicates, i.e. publications cited as output for more than one project (approx. 2'500) are also filtered out. Where identifiable as such, pure abstracts (e.g. in journal supplements), working papers and pre-prints were also excluded.</p> <p><br> The basic goal was to locate a DOI for the publication and update the metadata. 78% of the 17'420 publications scrutinised have in the meantime been assigned a DOI. Using the DOI and the linked metadata available in CrossRef, unique searches could be performed in additional sources such as DOAJ, Pubmed and Pubmed Central, OpenAIRE (repository aggregator) and ADS (Astrophysics Data System). After the initial search for open access full text in these external sources, a search was made in Google Scholar using the DOI of the remaining publications still to be validated and links to any open access full text were extracted. Where even the Google Scholar search failed to turn up open access full text, the status was set to “closed access”. The OA status of 4'212 publications from the period 2013 to 2014 remained unclear, but it is more likely that they are in closed rather than open access mode.</p>
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Off Plot Soil Incubation By Depth I - Soil Properties and Final Microbial Biomass 2013-2014
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. We investigated C and nitrogen (N) mineralization within the soil profile by incubating soil cores collected adjacent to (but not within) the CiPEHR site. These soil cores spanned the entire active layer and approximately 30 cm of permafrost. Soil cores were separated into 10 cm depth intervals and incubated for 241 days at 15 degC and field moisture was maintained with water additions. This dataset contains data on the bulk soil %C, bulk soil %N, soil bulk density, initial gravimetric water content measured prior to the incubation. Microbial biomass was measured at the end of the incubation and is presented here as well.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Off Plot Soil Incubation By Depth II - Soil CO2 Fluxes 2013-2014
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. We investigated C and nitrogen (N) mineralization within the soil profile by incubating soil cores collected adjacent to (but not within) the CiPEHR site. These soil cores spanned the entire active layer and approximately 30 cm of permafrost. Soil cores were separated into 10 cm depth intervals and incubated for 241 days at 15 degC and field moisture was maintained with water additions. This dataset contains CO2 flux rates measured periodically throughout the incubation.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Off Plot Soil Incubation By Depth III - Soil Extracts 2013-2014
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. We investigated C and nitrogen (N) mineralization within the soil profile by incubating soil cores collected adjacent to (but not within) the CiPEHR site. These soil cores spanned the entire active layer and approximately 30 cm of permafrost. Soil cores were separated into 10 cm depth intervals and incubated for 241 days at 15 degC and field moisture was maintained with water additions. This dataset contains extractable pools of dissolved inorganic N (DIN, NH4 + NO3) and non-particulate organic carbon (NPOC). Measurements were made periodically throughout the incubation by destructively harvesting subsamples of soil and performing 2M KCl vacuum extractions.
Gunnison's Prairie Dog Restoration Experiment (GPDREx): Small Mammal Mark-Recapture Population Assessment within Grasslands at the Sevilleta National Widlife Refuge, New Mexico (2013-2014)
Prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) are burrowing rodents considered to be ecosystem engineers and keystone species of the central grasslands of North America. Yet, prairie dog populations have declined by an estimated 98% throughout their historic range. This dramatic decline has resulted in the widespread loss of their important ecological role throughout this grassland system. The 92,060 ha Sevilleta NWR in central New Mexico includes more than 54,000 ha of native grassland. Gunnison’s prairie dogs (C. gunnisoni) were reported to occupy ~15,000 ha of what is now the SNWR during the 1960’s, prior to their systematic eradication. In 2010, we collaborated with local agencies and conservation organizations to restore the functional role of prairie dogs to the grassland system. Gunnison’s prairie dogs were reintroduced to a site that was occupied by prairie dogs 40 years ago.  This work is part of a larger, long-term study where we are studying the ecological effects of prairie dogs as they re-colonize the grassland ecosystem. With this project, we would like to further investigate the impact that Gunnison’s prairie dogs have on the landscape. Gunnison’s prairie dog monitoring data has been collected from the beginning of the reintroduction project, but little information has been collected on how grassland species respond to the sudden presence of prairie dogs on the refuge. This project will help determine if the prairie dog reintroduction has had positive impacts on the grassland ecosystem. Prairie dogs benefit grasslands in many ways, but their role as ecosystem engineers directly impacts other species by creating new habitat that would not be present without prairie dogs. We have documented physical landscape changes, but we have not specifically documented benefits to other grassland species. This work will help determine if the reintroduced prairie dog populations on Sevilleta NWR are now acting as a keystone species in a grassland ecosystem by monitor
Biophysical Controls on Sediment Suspension in South Bay, VA 2013-2014
Research was conducted in South Bay, Virginia, a shallow (1-2 m mean depth) subtidal coastal bay on the Delmarva Peninsula. Hydrodynamic measurements including current velocity, wave characteristics, shear stress, as well as biological samples, light and SSC data were recorded for 1-3 weeks over 2 consecutive years during the spring, summer, fall and winter seasons. See: Ross Timmerman 2014. Biophysical Controls on Sediment Suspension in a Shallow Coastal Bay. M.S. Thesis, University of Virginia. Data tables are included for sediment characteristics, wave height, wave vector measurements and light.
Coronavirus testing indicates transmission risk increases along wildlife supply chains for human consumption in Viet Nam, 2013-2014
<p>Outbreaks of emerging coronaviruses in the past two decades and the current pandemic of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged in China highlight the importance of this viral family as a zoonotic public health threat. To gain a better understanding of coronavirus presence and diversity in wildlife at wildlife-human interfaces in three southern provinces in Viet Nam 2013-2014, we used consensus Polymerase Chain Reactions to detect coronavirus sequences. In comparison to previous studies, we observed high proportions of positive samples among field rats (34.0%, 239/702) destined for human consumption and insectivorous bats in guano farms (74.8%, 234/313) adjacent to human dwellings. Most notably among field rats, the odds of coronavirus RNA detection significantly increased along the supply chain from field rats sold by traders (reference group; 20.7% positivity, 39/188) by a factor of 2.2 for field rats sold in large markets (32.0%, 116/363) and 10.0 for field rats sold and served in restaurants (55.6%, 84/151). Coronaviruses were also detected in rodents on the majority of wildlife farms sampled (60.7%, 17/28). These coronaviruses were found in the Malayan porcupines (6.0%, 20/331) and bamboo rats (6.3%, 6/96) that are raised on wildlife farms for human consumption as food. We identified six known coronaviruses in bats and rodents, clustered in three <em>Coronaviridae</em> genera, including the <em>Alpha-</em>, <em>Beta-</em>, and <em>Gammacoronaviruses</em>. Our analysis also suggested either mixing of animal excreta in the environment or interspecies transmission of coronaviruses, as both bat and avian coronaviruses were detected in rodent feces on wildlife farms. The mixing of multiple coronaviruses, and their apparent amplification along the wildlife supply chain into restaurants, suggests maximal risk for end consumers and likely underpins the mechanisms of zoonotic spillover to people.</p>
TES of Artemether-lumefantrine for Pf and Chloroquine for Pv in the Philippines From 2013-2014
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04222088. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 0. Publications: 2.
Coronavirus testing indicates transmission risk increases along wildlife supply chains for human consumption in Viet Nam, 2013-2014
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Wind speed and direction on Godwin Island, 2013-2014
A RM Young wind sensor was installed on top of a oyster hut located on Godwin Island and mean wind speed and direction measurements were made every 10 minutes. Elevation was approximately 5 meters above mean sea level.
The Immunogenicity and Safety of 2013-2014 Seasonal Trivalent Influenza Vaccine
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02269852. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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OpenNeuro
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