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opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

A lack of genetic diversity and minimal adaptive evolutionary divergence in introduced Mysis shrimp after 50 years

The successes of introduced populations in novel habitats often provide powerful examples of evolution and adaptation. In the 1950's, opossum shrimp (Mysis diluviana) individuals from Clearwater Lake in Minnesota, USA were transported and introduced to Twin Lakes in Colorado, USA by fisheries managers to supplement food sources for trout. Shrimp were subsequently introduced from Twin Lakes into numerous lakes throughout Colorado. Because managers kept detailed records of the timing of the introductions, we had the opportunity to test for evolutionary divergence within a known time interval. Here, we used reduced representation genomic data to investigate patterns of genetic diversity and test for genetic divergence between populations and for evidence of adaptive evolution within the introduced populations in Colorado. We found overall very low levels of genetic diversity across all populations, with evidence for some genetic divergence between the Minnesota source population and the introduced populations in Colorado. There was also little differentiation among the Colorado populations, consistent with the known provenance of a single founding population, with the exception of the population from Gross Reservoir, Colorado. Demographic modeling suggests that the population in Gross Reservoir is of hybrid origin, with an earlier founding population from an unknown source being later supplemented from another population. Despite the overall low genetic diversity we observed, FST outlier and environmental association analyses identified multiple loci exhibiting signatures of selection and adaptive variation related to elevation and lake depth. The success of introduced species is thought to be limited by genetic variation, but our results imply that populations with limited genetic variation can become established in a wide range of novel environments.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Figure 1 in The University of Guam Herbarium: The First 50 Years

Figure 1. Volcanically active islands of the Mariana Arc. A. Remains of a Japanese Zero at the former airfield on Pagan in the northern Mariana Islands. Grazing by feral cattle prevents trees from invading the field. Casuarina equisetifolia dominates the adjacent forest, while the active volcano, Mt. Pagan, dominates the skyline. Despite considerable recent volcanic activity, Pagan possesses the most diverse flora of the islands in the uninhabited northern archipelago. B. By contrast, the nearby island of Anatahan is blanketed in a thick layer of volcanic ash that has smothered its once lush vegetation. Extensive collections of plants from these and the other Mariana Islands are housed in the Guam Herbarium. Credits: Photo A, A.M. Kerr; Photo B, T. Schils.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2014View details →

BRAIN Journal-Electrophysiological Neuroimaging using sLORETA Comparing 100 Schizophrenia Patients to 48 Patients with Major Depression -Figure 4. Histogram age distributions of the 100 Schizophrenia patients illustrating clusters of patients at 20, 30, 40, and 50 years old.

The figure below is a histogram distribution of the ages of one hundred Schizophrenia patients in this study. There appears to be a cyclical peak every ten-years cycles at 20, 30, 40, and 50-year-old patients. This may suggest a recent finding that CD8 T cells, which play a pivotal role in mediating long-term immunity to Toxoplasma, are down-regulated in schizophrenia patients (Bhadra et al., 2013). Based on the aforementioned statements, a vaccine for Toxoplasmosis may be difficult to achieve, but the treatment and screening possibilities in patients with psychosis are available today.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2024View details →

Data from: Using Landsat time-series to investigate nearly 50 years of tree canopy cover change across an urban-rural landscape in southern Ontario

Paper Abstract: Canadian urban and adjacent landscapes have been dynamic over the last 50 years due to land management, land cover alternations, climate change, and disturbances. Remote sensing, particularly the Landsat archive, provides the only means to spatially quantify these long-term dynamics locally. Here, we explore the utility of Landsat, including the often-forgotten MSS sensor, for investigating percent tree canopy cover (TCC) change between 1972 and 2020 in a Canadian urban-rural context. We build a TCC time-series by training random forest models using visually interpreted TCC from high-resolution imagery. Predictors include topographic and yearly LandsatLinkr-harmonized and LandTrendr-fitted tasseled cap indices. Yearly binary TCC maps are built to mask consistently treeless areas and limit noise. To increase confidence in observed TCC change without historical reference imagery, we investigate multiple temporal validation options. Our TCC time-series (R2: 0.89, RMSE: 10.7%), quantifies TCC dynamics while limiting erroneous change and predictor space extrapolation. We explore TCC changes across landscapes, revealing periods of gain and loss associated with agricultural reforestation (1978-1996), housing development (on-going), drought (late 1990s), emerald ash borer (2010s), an ice storm (2013), and other drivers. Results demonstrate how long-term Landsat time-series can be used to better understand historical tree canopy change at local-regional scales.    Dataset details: See paper.  <ul> <li>cc_72to20.tif: Yearly tree CC predictions (1972-2020)</li> <li>always_nonforest10_nowater.tif: continuous-non-canopy mask</li> <li>water.tif: water mask</li> <li>Yearly.zip: Annual predictors (including CC10) and asc outputs</li> </ul>   See code on GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/ZZMitch/PredictTreeCC_Landsat_1972to2020">ZZMitch/PredictTreeCC_Landsat_1972to2020: Code from the portion of my PhD about using Landsat time-series to predict tree canopy cover from 1972 - 2020. Code will be released as papers are published. (github.com)</a>

Fig. 5 in Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica in Peninsular Malaysia: urban winter roost counts after 50 years, and dietary segregation from house-farmed swiftlets Aerodramus sp.

Fig. 5. Diet distribution of swallows and house-farmed swiftlets at Bentong identified by NGS molecular analysis.

Fig. 1 in Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica in Peninsular Malaysia: urban winter roost counts after 50 years, and dietary segregation from house-farmed swiftlets Aerodramus sp.

Fig. 1. (Left) Map of Peninsular Malaysia, with an enlarged plan of Pahang State; the circle indicates the study area, Bentong District. (Right) Google view of Bentong municipality, showing old town centre (red) and suburbs where house-farmed swiftlet colonies (blue) were counted.

Fig. 2 in Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica in Peninsular Malaysia: urban winter roost counts after 50 years, and dietary segregation from house-farmed swiftlets Aerodramus sp.

Fig. 2. Swallows roosting on utility wires along streets of the Bentong town centre. Pacific Swallows, recognisable from below by the grey belly, were present in very low numbers during the passage and wintering period.

Fig. 4 in Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica in Peninsular Malaysia: urban winter roost counts after 50 years, and dietary segregation from house-farmed swiftlets Aerodramus sp.

Fig. 4. Comparative diets of swallows and house-farmed swiftlets in Bentong, identified by morphological analysis.

Fig. 3 in Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica in Peninsular Malaysia: urban winter roost counts after 50 years, and dietary segregation from house-farmed swiftlets Aerodramus sp.

Fig. 3. Number of Barn Swallows in the urban roost in Bentong town, Pahang, in 2015–16 and averaged for 1966–68.

FIG. 3 in Louis de Bonis: 50 years of paleontological research on mammals

FIG. 3. — Excavating the locality Xirochori-1 of the Axios Valley (Macedonia, Greece) in 1989, just after the discovery of the partial skull of the hominoid primate Ouranopithecus macedoniensis; from left to right: D. Geraads, G. D. Koufos and L. de Bonis.

FIG. 1 in Louis de Bonis: 50 years of paleontological research on mammals

FIG. 1. — Louis de Bonis excavating at Pech Crabit (Quercy, France) in 1972; from left to right: L. de Bonis, M. Vianey-Liaud, J.-P. Aguilar and D. Helmer.

FIG. 4 in Louis de Bonis: 50 years of paleontological research on mammals

FIG. 4. — Louis is acclaimed Honorary Doctor in the School of Geology in the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in 2001; from left to right: G. D. Koufos, L. de Bonis and E. Vavliakis, who gives to L. de Bonis the insignia of the School.

FIG. 2 in Louis de Bonis: 50 years of paleontological research on mammals

FIG. 2. — Louis de Bonis excavating at the locality "Ravin des Zouaves-5" of the Axios Valley (Macedonia, Greece) in 1978.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

ClinicalTrials.gov40/100

Immunogenicity and Safety of Different Vaccination Schedules of Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine in Healthy Subjects 9 to 50 Years of Age

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02628444. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.

publicFeb 2025View details →

Data from: Quantifying the ecological role of crocodiles: A 50-year review of metabolic requirements and nutrient contributions in Northern Australia

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publicJan 2024View details →

A lack of genetic diversity and minimal adaptive evolutionary divergence in introduced Mysis shrimp after 50 years

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