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Fig. 6 in Decadal status of Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) along the coral reef habitat of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Fig. 6 — Substrate specificity of A. planci (CoTS) in Andaman and Nicobar Islands (a - Dorsal view of A. planci; b - Ventral view of A. planci; c & d - Animal grazing on Acroporidae corals; e - Animal grazing on Poritidae corals; f - Animal in coral crevice; g - Animal grazing on sponges and algae; and h - Feeding scar on aroporid corals due to A. planci

Fig. 4 in Decadal status of Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) along the coral reef habitat of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Fig. 4 — PCA of A. planci (CoTS) population in Andaman and Nicobar Islands (N&MA- North & Middle Andaman, SA- South Andaman, N-Nicobar)

Fig. 1 in Population dynamics of corallivores (Drupella and Acanthaster) on coral reefs of Koh Tao, a diving destination in the Gulf of Thailand

Fig. 1. Map of survey sites used in this study (after Hoeksema et al., 2012). Six of them were monitored for hard coral cover: Hin Wong Bay, Sairee, Sai Nuan, Chalok Ban Kao, Ao Leuk, and Tanote Bay. These sites and two additional ones (Mango Bay and Twin Rocks=Twins) were also used for predator studies.

Fig. 3 in Population dynamics of corallivores (Drupella and Acanthaster) on coral reefs of Koh Tao, a diving destination in the Gulf of Thailand

Fig. 3. Population dynamics of coral predators around Koh Tao in 2006–2014. a, Relative Drupella abundance showing significant variation over time (p=0.013). b, Mean Acanthaster abundance not varying significantly over time (p=0.189). c, Mean Drupella abundance is significantly higher in shallow quadrats as compared to deeper ones (p <0.001). d, Mean Acanthaster abundance shows no difference by depth (p=0.142). e, Mean Drupella abundance by site varied significantly (p <0.001). f, Mean Acanthaster abundance by site varied significantly p <0.001). g, Seasonal variability in Acanthaster abundance at EMP sites was not significant (p=0.641).

Fig. 5 in Population dynamics of corallivores (Drupella and Acanthaster) on coral reefs of Koh Tao, a diving destination in the Gulf of Thailand

Fig. 5. Coral predator abundance compared to previously published results on Koh Tao's reefs; differences are not significant. Drupella (a) and Acanthaster (b) abundance in low- and high-use sites as designated by Lamb et al. (2014). Similar for the designations as MPA or non-MPA sites used by Hein et al. (2014) concerning Drupella (c) and Acanthaster (d).

Fig. 4 in Population dynamics of corallivores (Drupella and Acanthaster) on coral reefs of Koh Tao, a diving destination in the Gulf of Thailand

Fig. 4. Positive linear correlation between Drupella abundance and live hard coral cover (R2=0.572, p <0.001).

Fig. 2 in Population dynamics of corallivores (Drupella and Acanthaster) on coral reefs of Koh Tao, a diving destination in the Gulf of Thailand

Fig. 2. Variation in mean hard coral cover at Koh Tao over the period 2006–2014 for the six selected sites indicated in Table 1.

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

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Chemosensory behaviour of juvenile crown-of-thorns sea stars (Acanthaster sp.), attraction to algal and coral food, and avoidance of adult conspecifics

Intraspecific and habitat-mediated responses to chemical cues play key roles in structuring populations of marine species. We investigated the behaviour of herbivorous-stage juvenile crown-of-thorns sea stars (COTS: Acanthaster sp.) in flow-through choice chambers to determine if chemical cues from their habitat influence movement and their transition to becoming coral predators. Juveniles at the diet transition stage were exposed to cues from their nursery habitat (coral rubble-crustose coralline algae -CCA), live coral, and adult COTS to determine if waterborne cues influence movement. In response to CCA and coral as sole cues juveniles moved toward the cue source and when these cues were presented in combination, they exhibited a preference for coral. Juveniles moved away from adult COTS cues. Exposure to food cues (coral, CCA) in the presence of adult cues resulted in variable responses. Our results suggest a feedback mechanism whereby juvenile behaviour is mediated by adult chemical cues. Cues from the adult population may deter juveniles from the switch to corallivory. As outbreaks wane, juveniles released from competition may serve as a proximate source of outbreaks, supporting the juveniles-in-waiting hypothesis. The accumulation of juveniles within the reef infrastructure is an underappreciated potential source of COTS outbreaks that devastate coral reefs.

Fig. 3 in Decadal status of Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) along the coral reef habitat of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Fig. 3 — Depth-wise occurrence of A. planci (CoTS) in Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Fig. 2 in Decadal status of Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) along the coral reef habitat of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Fig. 2 — Zone-wise occurrence map of A. planci (CoTS) in Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Fig. 1 in Decadal status of Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) along the coral reef habitat of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Fig. 1 — Occurrence of A. planci (CoTS) in Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Fig. 5 in Decadal status of Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) along the coral reef habitat of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Fig. 5 — Substrate specificity of A. planci (CoTS) in reef habitat of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

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Chemosensory behaviour of juvenile crown-of-thorns sea stars (Acanthaster sp.), attraction to algal and coral food, and avoidance of adult conspecifics

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Limited evidence of cloning and selfing within wild populations of coral-eating crown-of thorns seastar (Acanthaster cf. solaris)

Population outbreaks of crown-of-thorns seastars (CoTS; Acanthaster spp.) are contributing to extensive coral loss and reef degradation throughout the Indo west-Pacific, but the causes and underlying mechanisms of population maintenance and outbreaks are equivocal. Two recent publications suggest that, in addition to outbreeding sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction through larval fission and selfing may contribute to rapid increases in the local abundance of Acanthaster spp. We re-analysed two large microsatellite datasets (collectively representing 3,714 individuals) that investigated connectivity in the Great Barrier Reef and Pacific region to investigate if potential cloning or selfing can be evidenced in the population genetic structure. Within this dataset we identified only a small number (18, < 0.5%) of putative clones (repeated multi locus genotypes). We argue that several of these are due to sampling and processing errors rather than direct evidence of cloning. Analysis of the population genetic structure (i.e., pairwise genetic differences between individuals, deviations from Hardy-Weinberg-Equilibrium, and linkage disequilibrium) also yielded no genetic evidence for asexual reproduction. There was a tendency towards slight heterozygote deficits, so we cannot refute that selfing does occur, but this is mostly likely attributable to sampling artefacts. Although we cannot exclude that asexual reproduction occurs to some extent in Acanthaster populations, we find no evidence that these processes make a contribution to population structure or directly enhance larval supply.

opencc-zeroNov 2020View details →

opennotspecifiedFeb 2018View details →

Fig. 1 in Ephemeral and Localized Outbreaks of the Coral Predator Acanthaster cf. solaris in the Southwestern Lagoon of New Caledonia

Fig. 1. Map of the study site showing the location of the 19 sampling stations in New Caledonia's southern lagoon - including all major reef habitats - where abundance of crown-of-thorns seastar (COTS) populations were monitored. Stations where abundance was higher than the outbreak threshold of 40 ind. per 20 min swim are indicated in red. Stations in yellow are those where 1 to 5 ind. per 20 min swim were recorded, and in green, stations where abundances were always <1 ind. per 20 min swim. Stations 1 and 2 are located on coastal fringing reefs, stations 3 to 13 on mid-shelf reefs, stations 14 to 17 on the inner-shelf barrier reefs, and stations 18 and 19 on the outer-reef slopes.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2018View details →

Fig. 3 in Ephemeral and Localized Outbreaks of the Coral Predator Acanthaster cf. solaris in the Southwestern Lagoon of New Caledonia

Fig. 3. Recent impacts of crown-of-thorns seastar (COTS) populations on coral assemblages. Variation in the number of coral colonies presenting white feeding scars representative of COTS predation (white colonies recently preyed upon) among stations. Error bars represent the standard error. Color code for stations is as in figure 1.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2018View details →

Fig. 2 in Ephemeral and Localized Outbreaks of the Coral Predator Acanthaster cf. solaris in the Southwestern Lagoon of New Caledonia

Fig. 2. Spatio-temporal dynamics of crown-of-thorns seastar (COTS) abundance in New Caledonia's southern lagoon. Points represent the mean abundance (log-scale), and error bars the standard error. Horizontal dotted lines indicate the outbreak threshold of 40 ind. per 20 min swim. Color code for stations is as in figure 1.