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18 results for “Actias”
Sexual selection does not drive hindwing tail elaboration in a moon moth, Actias luna
<p>The most emblematic animal traits are often attributed to sexual selection. While this pressure is an important force, elaborated traits that have been driven solely by natural selection are less enumerated. Here, we test an elaborate trait that has been studied in an anti-predator context, but that remains unstudied for its role in mating. We gave female <em>Actias</em> <em>luna</em> (Saturniidae) moths a choice between two males of differing hindwing tail treatments. In our primary experiment, males with intact tails garnered more matings than males with tails removed, but this difference appears to result from damage incurred by tail removal. We verified this with a series of additional experiments: we created a tail/no-tail dyad where we removed tails from both males, then reglued tails to one and applied glue to the hindwings of the other. We found no difference in mating success. To ensure that this no-difference result was not due to the glue itself, we offered females two intact males, with glue added to the wings of one. This dyad also had equal mating success. We therefore find no evidence that tails play a role in sexual selection. These results, in combination with previous research on bat-moth battles using <em>A. luna</em>, leads us to conclude that hindwing tail elaboration was likely driven by natural selection alone. We suggest that future research testing multiple selective forces on animal traits is needed to reveal the prevalence of natural versus sexual selection as the primary force driving trait elaboration in diverse animal taxa.</p>
Sexual selection does not drive hindwing tail elaboration in a moon moth, Actias luna
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FIGURES 37–42. Habitus images. 37. Actia diffidens. 38. Actia interrupta. 39. Ceromasia auricaudata. 40. Compsilura concinnata. 41. Cyzenis incrassata. 42 in A review of the tachinid parasitoids (Diptera: Tachinidae) of Nearctic Choristoneura species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), with keys to adults and puparia
FIGURES 37–42. Habitus images. 37. Actia diffidens. 38. Actia interrupta. 39. Ceromasia auricaudata. 40. Compsilura concinnata. 41. Cyzenis incrassata. 42. Eumea caesar.
Actias luna decontaminated gx
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Actias luna zanfona pass 1
<p>Reference: Samia ricini</p>
FIGURE 8 in The RNA-seq approach to discriminate gene expression profiles in response to Beauveria bassiana and Micrococcus luteus microbial pathogens on Actias selene (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
FIGURE 8. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the MEGA (version 5.0) program based on the four different amino acid sequences from various insects. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining algorithm method and bootstrap values (1000 repetitions) of the branches are indicated. The HSP90s from other organisms are: Antheraea pernyi (APX61061.1), Helicoverpa armigera (ATB54999.1), Spodoptera litura (ADK55517.2), Mythimna separata (ATN45250.1), Danaus plexippus plexippus (OWR53421.1), Bombyx mori (NP_001036876.1), Apis mellifera (NP_001153536.1), Plutella xylostella (NP_001296043.1), Drosophila melanogaster (NP_523899.1), Nilaparvata lugens (XP_022202749.1), Bicyclus anynana (XP_023945769.1);The PGRPs from other organisms are: Antheraea pernyi (AME17978.1), Samia ricini (BAF03522.1), Trichoplusia ni (XP_026737257.1), Helicoverpa armigera (AHK59818.1), Antheraea mylitta (ABG72709.1), Manduca sexta (AAO21509.1), Spodoptera litura (XP_022825445.1), Bombyx mori (NP_001036836.1);The Ras homolog genes from other organisms are: Spodoptera litura (XP_022819713.1), Vanessa tameamea (XP_026494920.1), Zootermopsis nevadensis (XP_021927562.1), Drosophila miranda (XP_017145574.1), Drosophila persimilis (XP_002015385.2), Nasonia vitripennis (XP_008209835.1); The MyD88s from other organisms are: Diaphorina citri (NP_001316117.1),Tribolium castaneum (XP_008190563.1), Drosophila melanogaster (NP_610479.1), Nasonia vitripennis (XP_008206894.1), Ceratitis capitata (XP_020716287.1), Bactrocera dorsalis (XP_011205590.1), Bombus terrestris (XP_003394201.1), Bombyx mori (XP_004921572.1), Antheraea pernyi (AHH80650.1).
FIGURE 7 in The RNA-seq approach to discriminate gene expression profiles in response to Beauveria bassiana and Micrococcus luteus microbial pathogens on Actias selene (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
FIGURE 7. RT-qPCR analysis of 11 immune-related DEGs in ML vs. PBS group. The y-axis shows relative expression levels (Blue colour represents the PBS control group and yellow colour represents the M. luteus treatment group, * p <0.05, **p <0.01).
FIGURE 6 in The RNA-seq approach to discriminate gene expression profiles in response to Beauveria bassiana and Micrococcus luteus microbial pathogens on Actias selene (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
FIGURE 6. RT-qPCR analysis of 19 immune-related DEGs in Bb vs. PBS group. The y-axis shows relative expression levels (Blue colour represents the PBS control group and red colour represents the B. bassiana treatment group, * p <0.05, **p <0.01).
FIGURE 4 in The RNA-seq approach to discriminate gene expression profiles in response to Beauveria bassiana and Micrococcus luteus microbial pathogens on Actias selene (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
FIGURE 4. GO classification of annotated differentially expressed genes in Bb vs. PBS group. The DEGs were categorized into 41 functional groups and were summarized in three main categories: biological process, cellular component and molecular function. The X-axis represents the number of genes noted on the GO item, and the Y-axis represents the GO functional classification.
FIGURE 5 in The RNA-seq approach to discriminate gene expression profiles in response to Beauveria bassiana and Micrococcus luteus microbial pathogens on Actias selene (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
FIGURE 5. GO classification of annotated differentially expressed genes in ML vs. PBS group. The DEGs were categorized into 41 functional groups and were summarized in three main categories: biological process, cellular component and molecular function. The X-axis represents the number of genes noted on the GO item, and the Y-axis represents the GO functional classification.
FIGURE 3 in The RNA-seq approach to discriminate gene expression profiles in response to Beauveria bassiana and Micrococcus luteus microbial pathogens on Actias selene (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
FIGURE 3. KEGG classification map of differentially expressed genes in ML vs. PBS group. The X axis was the number of genes annotated into a certain KEGG Pathway category, and the Y axis was the KEGG Pathway category. Different colors present different metabolic functions.
FIGURE 2 in The RNA-seq approach to discriminate gene expression profiles in response to Beauveria bassiana and Micrococcus luteus microbial pathogens on Actias selene (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
FIGURE 2. KEGG classification map of differentially expressed genes in Bb vs. PBS group. The X axis was the number of genes annotated into a certain KEGG Pathway category, and the Y axis was the KEGG Pathway category. Different colors present different metabolic functions.
Actias luna decontaminated FSCR
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Figures 4-7 from: Whitfield JB, Nuelle Jr RJ, Nuelle III RJ (2018) A new species of Cotesia Cameron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) reared from the hickory horned devil, Citheronia regalis, and luna moth, Actias luna, in east Texas. ZooKeys 740: 35-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.740.24226
Figures 4-7 4 Lateral habitus photo of Cotesia nuellorum female 5 Dorsal habitus photo of Cotesia nuellorum female 6 lateral view of posterior end of metasoma of C. nuellorum, showing hypopygium and ovipositor sheaths 7 Wings of C. nuellorum female.
Figure 3 from: Whitfield JB, Nuelle Jr RJ, Nuelle III RJ (2018) A new species of Cotesia Cameron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) reared from the hickory horned devil, Citheronia regalis, and luna moth, Actias luna, in east Texas. ZooKeys 740: 35-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.740.24226
Figure 3 Larva of C. regalis with emerged larvae and cocoons of C. nuellorum, in rearing container. Photo by R. J. Nuelle, Jr.
Figures 1- 2 from: Whitfield JB, Nuelle Jr RJ, Nuelle III RJ (2018) A new species of Cotesia Cameron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) reared from the hickory horned devil, Citheronia regalis, and luna moth, Actias luna, in east Texas. ZooKeys 740: 35-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.740.24226
Figures 1- 2 1 Larva of the hickory horned devil, Citheronia regalis 2 Larva of the luna moth, Actias luna. Photo in 1 by Clayton Bownds, used with permission, photo in 2 by Richard S. Peigler, used with permission.
FIGURE 9 in The RNA-seq approach to discriminate gene expression profiles in response to Beauveria bassiana and Micrococcus luteus microbial pathogens on Actias selene (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
FIGURE 9. Larva and adult of Actias selene.
FIGURE 1 in The RNA-seq approach to discriminate gene expression profiles in response to Beauveria bassiana and Micrococcus luteus microbial pathogens on Actias selene (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
FIGURE 1. The Venn diagram shows DEGs after different bacterial stimulation to Actias selene. PBS-samples pretreated with PBS; Bb-samples pretreated with B. bassiana; ML-samples pretreated with M. luteus.
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