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9 results for “Aegithalos caudatus”
Coordination of care by breeders and helpers in the cooperatively breeding long-tailed tit, Aegithalos caudatus
<p><span>In species with biparental and cooperative brood care, multiple carers cooperate by contributing costly investment to raise a shared brood. However, shared benefits and individual costs also give rise to conflict among carers over investment. Coordination of provisioning visits has been hypothesized to facilitate the resolution of this conflict, preventing exploitation, and ensuring collective investment in the shared brood. We used a 26-year study of long-tailed tits, <em>Aegithalos caudatus</em>, a facultative cooperative breeder, to investigate whether care by parents and helpers is coordinated, whether there are consistent differences in coordination between individuals and reproductive roles, and whether coordination varies with helper relatedness to breeders. Coordination takes the form of turn-taking (alternation) or feeding within a short time interval of another carer (synchrony), and both behaviors were observed to occur more than expected by chance, i.e. 'active' coordination. First, we found that active alternation decreased with group size while active synchrony occurred at all group sizes. Secondly, we show that alternation was repeatable between observations at the same nest, while synchrony was repeatable between observations of the same individual. Active synchrony varied with reproductive status, with helpers synchronizing visits more than breeders, although active alternation did not vary with reproductive status. Finally, we found no significant effect of relatedness on either alternation or synchrony exhibited by helpers. In conclusion, we demonstrate active coordination of provisioning by carers and conclude that coordination is a socially plastic behavior depending on reproductive status and the number of carers raising the brood.</span></p>
Coordination of care by breeders and helpers in the cooperatively breeding long-tailed tit, Aegithalos caudatus
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FIGURES 3–9 in Quill mites (Acari: Syringophilidae) from Aegithalos caudatus (Passeriformes: Aegithalidae)
FIGURES 3–9. Picobia caudati sp. n. Female. 3. Gnathosoma ventrally; 4. Peritremes; 5. Part of propodosomal shield with setae ve and sci; 6. Opisthosoma ventrally; 7. Tarsus I dorsally; 8. Tarsus I ventrally; 9. Tarsus III ventrally. FIGURE 10. Picobia currucae Skoracki et Magowski, 2001. Female. Opisthosoma ventrally.
FIGURE 2 in A new feather mite species of the genus Proctophyllodes Robin, 1877 (Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from the Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus (Passeriformes: Aegithalidae) — morphological description with DNA barcode data
FIGURE 2. Proctophyllodes valchukae sp. n., details. A—ventral view of male opisthosoma, B—leg I of male, C—Tibia and tarsus IV of male, D—spermatheca and spermaducts. Abbreviations: as—adanal fragment of opisthogastric shield, ga—genital arch, gs—genital fragment of opisthogastric shield, sa—sheath of aedeagus.
Individual variation explains aging patterns in a cooperatively breeding bird, the long-tailed tit (Aegithalos caudatus)
<p><span><strong>1</strong>.</span><span> Alloparental care in cooperatively-breeding species may alter breeder age-specific survival and reproduction, and subsequently senescence. The helping behaviour itself might also undergo age-related change, and decisions to help in facultative cooperative breeders are likely to be affected by the individual condition.</span></p> <p><span><strong>2</strong>.</span><span> Helpers in long-tailed</span><span> tits (<em>Aegithalos caudatus</em>) assist relatives after failing to raise their own brood, with offspring from helped nests being more likely to recruit into the breeding population.</span></p> <p><span><strong>3</strong>.</span><span> Using data collected over 25 years, we examined the age-trajectories of survival and reproduction in adult long-tailed tits to determine how these were affected by the presence or absence of helpers, and how helper behaviour changed with age.</span></p> <p><span><strong>4</strong>.</span><span> There was evidence for increased reproductive performance with breeder age, but no effect of age on the probability of survival. We found no evidence of significant senescent decline in survival or reproductive performance, although individuals accrued less inclusive fitness in their last year of life. Lifetime reproductive success was positively related to both reproductive lifespan and body mass. Within a season, breeders that were assisted by helpers enjoyed greater reproductive success through enhanced offspring recruitment in the following year. We found no evidence that age affected an individual's propensity to help, or the amount of indirect fitness accrued through helping.</span></p> <p><span><strong>5</strong>.</span><span> We found a positive correlation between lifespan and multiple components of reproductive success, suggesting that individual variation in quality underpins age-related variation in fitness in this species. Helping decisions are driven by condition, and the lifetime inclusive fitness of immigrants was predicted by body mass. These findings further support individual heterogeneity in quality being a major driver for fitness gains across the life course of long-tailed tits.</span></p>
Individual variation explains aging patterns in a cooperatively breeding bird, the long-tailed tit (Aegithalos caudatus)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
FIGURES 1, 2 in Quill mites (Acari: Syringophilidae) from Aegithalos caudatus (Passeriformes: Aegithalidae)
FIGURES 1, 2. Picobia caudati sp. n. Female. 1. Dorsal view; 2. Ventral view.
FIGURE 1 in A new feather mite species of the genus Proctophyllodes Robin, 1877 (Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from the Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus (Passeriformes: Aegithalidae) — morphological description with DNA barcode data
FIGURE 1. Proctophyllodes valchukae sp. n., male. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
FIGURE 3 in A new feather mite species of the genus Proctophyllodes Robin, 1877 (Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from the Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus (Passeriformes: Aegithalidae) — morphological description with DNA barcode data
FIGURE 3. Proctophyllodes valchukae sp. n., female. A—dorsal view, B— ventral view.
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