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39 results for “Agricultural pest”
Interactions between bats and agricultural insect pests worlwide
<p>This database illustrates the interactions between bats and agricultural insect pests detected conducting a systematic review in October 2022, entitled "<strong>Pest suppression by bats and management strategies to favour it: a global review</strong>", to be published in the journal Biological Reviews.</p> <p>Methodology applied:</p> <p>We compiled a comprehensive list of agricultural insect pests occurring in temperate and tropical regions. Since no more recent public documents or published lists were available, we extracted the main agricultural insect pests cited in Hill (1983, 1987). Note that species might be considered pests in certain regions while not in others, meaning that this comprehensive list will need careful review by entomologists and local or regional experts for use in agricultural management.</p> <p>We assembled a first list of 1,237 insect pest species or genera extracted from Hill (1987, 1983). We then conducted a literature search in the ISI Web of Science using the R package wosr. We searched for any indexed document containing the following terms in the topic field: "pest species name" AND "bat*", where ‘pest species name’ refers to each of the 1237 species. After the first check of the articles found, we added 562 new pest species to the first list, which were not included in Hill (1987, 1983), but were mentioned in the papers found. Thus, the updated list consisting of 1799 insect pest species was used again to perform the same literature search with the R package wosr. In addition, we also performed three literature searches including the following terms: (i) "bat" or "bats", "diet*", and "insect*"; (ii) "bat" or "bats", "predat*", and "insect*"; (iii) "bat" or "bats", "diet*", and "arthropod*". We identified a total of 1125 articles, of which we retained only those that identified bat prey at the genus or species level (N = 95).</p> <p>Predator - prey interactions were extracted from the articles reviewed and added in this data set, showing each bat species with the insect pest species it consumed, as well as the method used to confirm predation.</p>
Data and Code for: Multiscale habitat mediates pest reduction by birds in an intensive agricultural region
<p>Associated data and analyses code for<em> </em>the publication:</p> <p><strong>Heath, Sacha K. and R. F. Long. 2019. Multiscale habitat mediates pest reduction by birds in an intensive agricultural region. Ecosphere 10(10):ecs2.2884. DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2884</strong></p> <p>The home directory folder <em>Heath_Long_2019_data_code</em> contains a metadata.txt file describing entire contents and an Rstudio Project (<em>Heath_Long_2019_data_code</em>)<em> </em>comprised of four Rstudio Notebooks. Each notebook refers to data and output files from its associated folder(s):<br> <em>./appendix_s1_tabs2_tabs4.Rmd<br> ./pca_data/ <br> ./bird_analyses.Rmd<br> ./bird_data/<br> ./predation_analyses.Rmd<br> ./predation_data/<br> ./predation_data/predation_models/<br> ./predation_analyses_nocage.Rmd <br> ./predation_data/<br> . /predation_data/uncaged_predation_models/</em></p> <p> </p>
Development of thrips barcode database and multiplex real-time PCR assay for quarantine and agriculture pest species
<p>Thrips (Order Thysanoptera) species are agriculturally important as plant sap sucking pests and vectors of several plant diseases. They are very small insects and commonly associated with imported commodities at New Zealand border in all life stages. Morphological identification of thrips is mainly performed on adults, but the available identification keys for immature stages do not include many species and are inadequate, thus DNA barcode was regularly used for thrips identification, here, we have generated DNA barcode data for over 29 thrips species from over 100 individuals. At New Zealand border,<em> Frankliniella occidentalis </em>is the dominant species intercepted, followed by <em>F. panamensis</em>, <em>Thrips palmi</em> and <em>T. tabaci </em>and several other thrips species. Hence, we have also developed a multiplex real time PCR assay, targeting the four thrips species to facilitate the identification of quarantine interceptions with more accurate and faster diagnostic method for any developmental stages. The DNA barcode database further assists in thrip identification. The assay showed high specificity for all the four target species and could detect 10 copies/ µL of the target DNA. Linear responses and high correlation coefficients between the amount of DNA and <em>C</em><sub>q</sub> values for each species were also achieved. The method was tested on single egg, larva and adult and proved to be applicable for all life stages of the four species. This study has demonstrated the assay is a useful biosecurity tool for rapid and reliable identification of the target thrips species. </p>
Рис. 1. Àинамика посевных пΛощаΔей сои в Приморском крае в 1996–2018 гг. (по Δанным Àепартамента сеΛьского хозяйства и проΔовоΛьствия Приморского края) Fig. 1. The dynamic of soybean crop area at Primorsky Region in 1996–2018 (based on data from the Department of Agriculture and provision of the Primorsky Region) in Reproductive potential of Soybean Cyst Nematode Heterodera glycines - quarantine pest of soybean - in Primorsky Region conditions
Рис. 1. Àинамика посевных пΛощаΔей сои в Приморском крае в 1996–2018 гг. (по Δанным Àепартамента сеΛьского хозяйства и проΔовоΛьствия Приморского края) Fig. 1. The dynamic of soybean crop area at Primorsky Region in 1996–2018 (based on data from the Department of Agriculture and provision of the Primorsky Region)
Data from: Population analysis reveals genetic structure of an invasive agricultural thrips pest related to invasion of greenhouses and suitable climatic space
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Identifying diagnostic genetic markers for a cryptic invasive agricultural pest: a test case using the apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Insect pests destroy ~15% of all USA crops, resulting in losses of $15 billion annually. Thus, developing cheap, quick and reliable methods for detecting harmful species is critical to curtail insect damage and lessen economic impact. The apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a major invasive pest threatening the multibillion-dollar apple industry in the Pacific Northwest USA. The fly is also sympatric with a benign but morphologically similar and genetically closely related species, R. zephyria, which attacks non-commercial snowberry. Unambiguous species identification is essential due to a zero-infestation policy of apple maggot for fruit export. Mistaking R. zephyria for R. pomonella triggers unnecessary and costly quarantines, diverting valuable control resources. Here we develop and apply a relatively simple and cost-effective diagnostic approach using Illumina sequencing of double digest restriction-site associated DNA markers. We identified five informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and designed a diagnostic test based on agarose gel electrophoresis of restriction enzyme digested polymerase chain reaction amplification products (RFLPs) to distinguish fly species. We demonstrated the utility of this approach for immediate, one day species identification by scoring apple- and snowberry-infesting flies of known host plant identity, reared directly from 11 sites throughout Washington. However, if immediate diagnosis is not required, or hundreds to thousands of specimens must be assessed, then a direct Illumina-based sequencing strategy, similar to that used here for diagnostic SNP identification can be powerful and cost-effective. The genomic strategy we present is effective for R. pomonella and also transferable to many cryptic pests.
Data and code for: Terrestrial eDNA survey outperforms conventional approach for detecting an invasive pest insect within an agricultural ecosystem
<p>Recent methodological advances permit surveys for terrestrial insects from the direct collection of environmental DNA (eDNA) deposited on vegetation or other surfaces. However, in contrast to well-studied aquatic applications, little is known about how detection rates for such terrestrial eDNA-based surveys compare with conventional survey methods. <i>Lycorma delicatula</i>, the spotted lanternfly, is an emerging invasive insect in eastern North America, and a significant ecological and economic pest of forested and agricultural systems, especially grapes. During fall 2019 we conducted two rounds of paired eDNA and visual surveys for spotted lanternflies within 48 plots at 12 vineyards in New Jersey, USA. We compared detection probabilities within a multimethod occupancy modeling framework and used the results to extrapolate and inform survey design. The probability of detecting spotted lanternflies given presence in a plot was over two times higher for eDNA (84%) versus visual surveys (36%). In mid-September, lanternfly eDNA was detected at five plots in three vineyards while visual surveys revealed only a single individual in one plot. In early October, after dispersal of lanternflies into vineyards, lanternfly eDNA was detected in 12 plots within six vineyards compared with visual detections in six plots in two vineyards. Extrapolations based on detection and local-scale occupancy rates indicate that only five and 12 plots would have been needed to positively detect lanternfly presence with 95% confidence using eDNA in contrast to 14 and 29 plots with visual surveys alone, respective to survey rounds. Log-linear models revealed that visual counts of lanternflies were positively related to eDNA concentrations (R<sup>2</sup> = 71%). We provide some of the first quantitative evidence to support the enhanced sensitivity of terrestrial eDNA approaches compared with conventional methods. Such methods can augment efforts to combat invasive species through improved ability to delimit invasion fronts, identify satellite populations, and confirm local eradications.</p>
Anastrepha pests captures and FTD index in protected and agricultural sites
<p>Data on captures and FTD index of fruit flies Anastrepha ludens, A. obliqua, A. striata and A. serpentina in five monitoring sites within a protected natural area and agricultural zones in southern Tamaulipas state, Mexico. </p>
Data from: Extrapolating potential crop damage by insect pests based on land use data: examining inter-regional generality in agricultural landscapes_210907
<p>DamagePrediction_data_2021_210907 Data from: Extrapolating potential crop damage by insect pests based on land use data: examining inter-regional generality in agricultural landscapes</p>
List of agricultural insect pests affecting crops worldwide
<p>This list of agricultural pests is part of the supplementary material of the article entitled "<strong>Pest suppression by bats and management strategies to favour it: a global review</strong>", publised in the journal Biological Reviews in 2023.</p> <p>We compiled a comprehensive list of agricultural insect pests occurring in temperate and tropical regions. Since no more recent public documents or published lists were available at the time of the study, we extracted the main agricultural insect pests cited in Hill (<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/brv.12967#brv12967-bib-0083">1983</a>, <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/brv.12967#brv12967-bib-0084">1987</a>). Note that species might be considered pests in certain regions while not in others, meaning that this comprehensive list will need careful review by entomologists and local or regional experts for use in agricultural management.</p> <p>We assembled a first list of 1236 insect pest species or genera extracted from Hill (<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/brv.12967#brv12967-bib-0084">1987</a>, <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/brv.12967#brv12967-bib-0083">1983</a>). We then conducted a second literature search (LS2) in the ISI <em>Web of Science</em> using the R package <em>wosr</em>. We searched for any indexed document containing the following terms in the topic field: ‘pest species name’ AND ‘bat*’. After the first check of the articles found, we added 562 new pest species to the first list, which were not included in Hill (<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/brv.12967#brv12967-bib-0084">1987</a>, <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/brv.12967#brv12967-bib-0083">1983</a>) but were studied in the papers found. The updated list consisting of 1798 insect pest species then was used to perform the same literature search with the R package <em>wosr</em>. </p>
Data for: Population genomic insights into invasion success in the polyphagous agricultural pest, Halyomorpha halys
<p>Invasive species are increasingly threatening ecosystems and agriculture by rapidly expanding their range and adapting to environmental and human-imposed selective pressures. The genomic mechanisms that underlie such rapid changes remain unclear, especially for agriculturally important pests. Here<span>,</span> we use genome-wide polymorphisms derived from native, invasive<span>,</span> and intercepted <span>samples and </span>populations of the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), <em>Halyomorpha</em> <em>halys</em>, to gain insights into population genomics processes that <span>have promoted</span> the successful global invasion of this polyphagous pest. Our analysis demonstrated that BMSB <span>exhibits spatial</span> structure but admixture rates are high among introduced populations, resulting in similar levels of genomic diversity across native and introduced populations. These spatial genomic patterns suggest a complex invasion scenario<span>, potentially</span> with multiple bridgehead events<span>, posing </span>a challenge for accurately assigning BMSB incursions to their source using reduced-representation genomic data. By associating allele frequencies with the invasion status of BMSB populations, we found significantly differentiated SNPs located in <span>close </span>proximity <span>to</span> genes for insecticide resistance and olfaction. <span>Comparing</span> variations in allele frequencies among populations for outlier SNPs suggests that BMSB invasion success has likely evolved from standing genetic variation. In addition to being a major nuisance of households, BMSB has caused significant economic losses to agriculture in recent years and continues to expand its range. Despite no record of BMSB insecticide resistance to date, our results show <span>high capacity for potential </span>evolution <span>of such characters</span>, highlighting the need for future sustainable and targeted management strategies.</p>
Data from : Both long-term grasslands and crop diversity are needed to limit pest and weed infestations in agricultural landscapes
<p>Data used for analysis in Both long-term grasslands and crop diversity are needed to limit pest and weed infestations in agricultural landscapes </p>
Pesticide use in California agriculture with information on pest control advisors
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Data and code for: Terrestrial eDNA survey outperforms conventional approach for detecting an invasive pest insect within an agricultural ecosystem
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Data for: Population genomic insights into invasion success in the polyphagous agricultural pest, Halyomorpha halys
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Identifying diagnostic genetic markers for a cryptic invasive agricultural pest: a test case using the apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae)
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The shape of the predator biomass distribution affects biological pest control services in agricultural landscapes
<p>1. Understanding how community composition of service-providing organisms affects ecosystem functioning is a key challenge in ecology. Although it has been proposed that taxonomic diversity and functional traits mediate this relationship, how several facets of community structure affect the delivery of key ecosystem services remains to be explored.</p> <p>2. In this study, we investigated how abundance, taxonomic richness as well as the shape of biomass distribution in predator communities affect biological pest control services in vineyard landscapes. Our analyses were based on a dataset combining samples of arthropod predators, measures of predation rates of grape pests and characterization of environmental covariables for 42 fields located in South-Western France.</p> <p>3. We found that beside the abundance or the taxonomic richness of predators, the shape of biomass distribution (mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis of the distribution) influences the level of biological control. Predator communities largely dominated by low biomass species provided the bulk of biological control services. Lower levels of predation resulted from increased proportions of large biomass species and more evenly distributed biomass values in the communities.</p> <p>4. Our results indicate that the top-down control provided by low biomass species decreases as the relative proportion of large biomass species increases in the predator community. This suggests that biological control may be affected by negative interactions (e.g., intraguild predation, behavioural interactions) between predators arising from the recruitment of large individuals in the community.</p> <p>5. Our study revealed that the shape of biomass distribution is a major aspect of functional diversity in predator communities providing insights into the mechanisms that link biodiversity and ecosystem services. While our study focuses on biomass, considering other traits involved in trophic interactions may increase our ability to predict the level of biological control in ecosystems.</p>
Data from: The impact of climate change on the potential distribution of agricultural pests: the case of the coffee white stem borer (Monochamus leuconotus P.) in Zimbabwe
The production of agricultural commodities faces increased risk of pests, diseases and other stresses due to climate change and variability. This study assesses the potential distribution of agricultural pests under projected climatic scenarios using evidence from the African coffee white stem borer (CWB), Monochamus leuconotus (Pascoe) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), an important pest of coffee in Zimbabwe. A species distribution modeling approach utilising Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) and Generalized Linear Models (GLM) was applied on current and projected climate data obtained from the WorldClim database and occurrence data (presence and absence) collected through on-farm biological surveys in Chipinge, Chimanimani, Mutare and Mutasa districts in Zimbabwe. Results from both the BRT and GLM indicate that precipitation-related variables are more important in determining species range for the CWB than temperature related variables. The CWB has extensive potential habitats in all coffee areas with Mutasa district having the largest model average area suitable for CWB under current and projected climatic conditions. Habitat ranges for CWB will increase under future climate scenarios for Chipinge, Chimanimani and Mutare districts while it will decrease in Mutasa district. The highest percentage change in area suitable for the CWB was for Chimanimani district with a model average of 49.1% (3 906 ha) increase in CWB range by 2080. The BRT and GLM predictions gave similar predicted ranges for Chipinge, Chimanimani and Mutasa districts compared to the high variation in current and projected habitat area for CWB in Mutare district. The study concludes that suitable area for CWB will increase significantly in Zimbabwe due to climate change and there is need to develop adaptation mechanisms.
In 2017, Plantix, a free smartphone app that helps identify plant damage, was introduced to the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, with an extension partner. Plantix was created by Progressive Environmental and Agricultural Technologies (PEAT), a German startup. Two PEAT cofounders, Charlotte Schuman (second from the right) and Alex Kennepohl (center, with eyeglasses), confer about the smartphone app with students from Angrau University. Farmers and gardeners can transmit their plant images to Plantix, which uses deep learning and computer vision to help identify diseases and pests. The smartphone app offers symptom descriptions, treatment recommendations, and potential preventive actions. Photographs: Courtesy of PEAT GmbH. in Deep learning brings speed, accuracy to the life sciences.
In 2017, Plantix, a free smartphone app that helps identify plant damage, was introduced to the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, with an extension partner. Plantix was created by Progressive Environmental and Agricultural Technologies (PEAT), a German startup. Two PEAT cofounders, Charlotte Schuman (second from the right) and Alex Kennepohl (center, with eyeglasses), confer about the smartphone app with students from Angrau University. Farmers and gardeners can transmit their plant images to Plantix, which uses deep learning and computer vision to help identify diseases and pests. The smartphone app offers symptom descriptions, treatment recommendations, and potential preventive actions. Photographs: Courtesy of PEAT GmbH.
Scientific papers assessing the role of bats as suppressors of agricultural pests
<p>This database is part of the supplementary material of the article entitled "<strong>Pest suppression by bats and management strategies to favour it: a global review</strong>", published in the journal Biological Reviews. It illustrates the articles assessing the role of bats in agriculture as suppressors of pests insects, located by the first literature search (LS1), and the main information extracted.</p> <p> </p> <p>Methodology: </p> <p>We conducted a first literature search (LS1) in ISI <em>Web of Science</em> of indexed articles and book chapters in English, using the following terms in the TOPIC field (searching both the title and the abstract): ‘agricultur*’, ‘pest’, ‘insect*’ and ‘bat*’ or ‘bats’. The search was performed by C. T.-C. in October 2022 obtaining 173 references, of which only 66 of were considered for the review after checking the whole text. We only included articles directly studying and assessing the effect of bats as pest controllers, either as direct predators of one or several pests (providing or not evidence of predation), evaluating their effect as top predators or quantifying economically their suppressive effect. We excluded any work that only mentioned the potential of bats as insect pest suppressors as an indirect topic of their research. For each of the included studies, we extracted information following a semi-structured questionnaire: (<em>i</em>) the year and country where the study was performed; (<em>ii</em>) the agroecosystem type studied; (<em>iii</em>) the insect pest species detected and the bat species on which the study was focused; (<em>iv</em>) whether predation of bats upon pest species was demonstrated; (<em>v</em>) whether the study demonstrated a top-down effect of bats on that agroecosystem; (<em>vi</em>) whether the benefits of bat ecosystem services were quantified economically, and what methods were used to estimate the economic value of bats as pest suppressors; and (<em>vii</em>) the conservation and management strategies proposed in the articles and their potential application.</p>
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OpenNeuro
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