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41 results for “Agroecology”
Results files for Land-free Bioenergy From Circular Agroecology -- A Diverse Option Space and Trade-offs
<p>This is the open data repository to support and reproduce results in the paper "<em>Land-free Bioenergy From Circular Agroecology -- A Diverse Option Space and Trade-offs</em>." There are <strong>three types </strong>of files here:</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1. Ready-to-use final results files of all strategies and scenarios referred to in the paper. </strong>They can be downloaded and used directly without running any codes. They all have the same naming format for strategies/scenarios: `Org` = organic share, `ConcRed` = concentrate feeding reduction share, `WasteRed` = waste reduction share, and numbers refer to the share. E.g., `Org0_ConcRed50_WasteRed75` is a strategy with 0% organic share, 50% concentrate feeding reduction, and 75% waste reduction.</p> <p> </p> <ul> <li>`NationalAncillaryBioenergyPotential_EJ.csv`: The national potential of ancillary bioenergy in 2050 from all scenarios. (Units: EJ). Same in both pathways.</li> <li>`GlobalPotentialEnvironmentalImpacts_NutrientFirst.csv`: Environmental impacts of all scenarios from the pathway `<em>NutrientFirst</em>.` The first three rows refer to the combination of agroecological practices in places, which allow you to explore environmental impacts grouped by, e.g., different organic shares.</li> <li>`GlobalPotentialEnvironmentalImpacts_NegFirst.csv`: Same structure as the file above, but from another pathway, `<em>NegativeFirst</em>`.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>2. `SOLmOutputs` contains all original output files from our model <a href="https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/38778/">SOLmV6</a>. </strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>3. `DataCleaningKit` has the Python codes and additional dataset of heat values to process 2. `SOLmOutputs` and spit 1. </strong>(Tip: One should adjust the `input_path` and `output_path` before running `DataCleaning.py.`)</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>Fei Wu (fei.wu@usys.ethz.ch)</p> <p>Delft, August, 2023</p> <p> </p>
Survey for coordinators of agroecology research projects
<p>This dataset (Project_coordinators_survey.csv) contains data related to the survey launched within the Task 1.3 of AE4EU project for the coordinators of agroecology research projects funded by European, transnational, and national programmes identified in the mapping activities. Together with the dataset, the structure of the questionnaire related to this survey is also provided (Project_coordinators_questionnaire_structure.pdf).</p> <p>Answers from respondents were anonymised before the publication. Informed consent was obtained from participants to the survey to use their answers and quotations for research and publication</p>
Survey for researchers involved in Agroecology
<p>This dataset (Agroecology_Researchers_survey.csv) contains data related to the survey launched within the Task 1.3 of AE4EU project for the researchers involved in agroecology. Together with the dataset, the structure of the questionnaire related to this survey is also provided (Agroecology_Researchers_questionnaire_structure.pdf). Answers from respondents were anonymised before the publication. Informed consent was obtained from participants to the survey to use their answers and quotations for research and publication</p>
Dataset - Drying out fish ponds, for an entire growth season, as an agroecological practice: maintaining primary producers for fish production and biodiversity conservation
<p>This dataset is based on samples taken from fish ponds in the Dombes region between 2007 and 2014. It includes sediment and water physio-chemistry data, as well as primary producer diversity, benthic invertebrate density and fish yield for 85 different ponds. All these data are linked to the distance to the last dry-out, a major practice in extensive fish farming in this region.</p> <p>There are two .tab and .csv files:<br> One containing the dataset<br> One containing the description of the different variables (Metadata)</p>
Characterization of the Agroecological Zones of Europe
<p>This dataset was compiled in the i-SoMPE Project of EJP SOIL in 2021 and 2022.</p> <p>This dataset contains information to characterize the agroecological zones (AEZ) of Europe on 4 spatial levels. The data was calculated by an R project (available on Zenodo and GitLab) using publicly available data on land use, climate, soil characteristics and slope. More information on the data can be found in the report of the i-SoMPE project.</p> <p>The dataset contains the following files:</p> <ul> <li>4 CSV files with information on 1 of 4 spatial levels</li> <li>1 CSV file with information on cover crop suitability on one spatial level (L4)</li> <li>1 XLSX file that contains information on the attributes described in the dataset</li> <li>1 ZIP-Folder with a shapefile of the AEZs used in i-SoMPE and described in the dataset</li> </ul>
263 MAG annotations for three nested metagenomic studies describe crop-shrub-microbe interactions in an agroecology system in the Sahel
<p>The Sahel region of West Africa is a vulnerable eco-region, where climate change induced drought and a rapidly growing population pose serious threats to food security and contribute to soil degradation. Local and biologically based systems are necessary to maintain crop yields and soil health, and intercropping with native woody shrubs Guiera senegalensis has been discovered as a solution. We have previously shown that soil microbial communities are significantly altered by the presence of shrubs, and that these organisms may have plant growth promoting properties. Here, we augment those data with metagenomic and metatranscriptomic data across three nested experiments: a landscape scale experiment across a rainfall and soil type gradient, a long-term experimental site, and a growth chamber simulated drought experiment. We recovered 263 95% ANI dereplicated metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of medium and high quality to evaluate their relative enrichment and what their encoded metabolisms reveal about mechanisms of microbiome millet support. These data contribute to our understanding of the role of the microbial community crop drought resilience in the Sahel and in semi-arid cropping systems globally. Here we present the DRAM annotations of each MAG, all associated metadata, viral genes and vOTUs from the Optimized Shrub Intercropping Study (OSS), and eukaryotic contigs from the OSS</p>
Database on Projects, Programmes, and Institutions (PPIs) related to agroecology
<p>This database holds the list of projects, funding programmes, and institutions (PPIs) dealing with agroecology research in Europe identified in the mapping activities carried out in the Task 1.3 of AE4EU project (https://www.ae4eu.eu/). The final version of the database was released as annex of the project Deliverable D 1.3 “Report on agroecological research development”. In this public version all sensitive data (eg., email contacts) were removed from the file.</p> <p>The database is composed by the following different sheets including:</p> <ul> <li><strong>European projects</strong> with the list of the identified research projects related to agroecology funded by the European Union under the Horizon 2020 framework programme from 2014 onwards</li> <li><strong>Transnational projects</strong> with research projects funded by programmes co-framed and co-funded by Member States and European Union (i.e., ERA-NETs in the past Horizon framework and European Partnerships of Horizon Europe)</li> <li><strong>National projects</strong> on agroecology funded by national funding programmes in the different European countries from 2014 onwards</li> <li><strong>European programmes</strong>. This list reports the topics and calls from which the selected European projects were funded. The list was also enriched including topics and calls from the new working programme 2021-2022 (Horizon Europe Programme);</li> <li><strong>Transnational programmes</strong> which financed the identified transnational research projects</li> <li><strong>National programmes</strong>. Here the information on the national agroecology programmes provided by relevant key informants (i.e., national funding agencies and bodies, AE4EU partners) were included,</li> <li><strong>Participants</strong> with the list of public or private research institutions, organizations, and enterprises involved as partners of the identified European, Transnational and National research projects</li> </ul>
Social Network analysis on European countries involved in agroecology research
<p>All the 124 (68 European and 56 Transnational) agroecology research projects identified in the mapping activities carried out by the task 1.3 of the AE4EU project were used to perform a weighted social network analysis (SNA) having the participating countries as nodes and collaborations in projects as edges.</p> <p>This dataset contains data related to this SNA and consists of two sheets:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Indexes</strong> where values of some measures for each identified country in the social network analysis are reported (number of European agroecological research projects coordinated by the country; number of transnational agroecological research projects coordinated by the country; Degree Centrality; Closeness Centrality)</li> <li><strong>Edge_weights</strong> where the weights for each edge between two countries are provided according to the times two countries cooperated together for a European or a transnational project.</li> </ul>
Mapping the existing food systems, value chains and markets for agroecological products
<table> <tbody> <tr> <td>The food systems and markets of our focal farming systems are mapped as well as communities across the value chain, including operations from production over to food disposal after consumption, all along with the contribution of these operations to socio-economic and environmental outcomes. The datasets are the results of survey/interviews on the above topic in the CANALLS project ALLs.<span> </span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Supporting materials for the methodology for optimal combinations of agroecological practices (AEPs)
<p><span>The assessment framework is developed by first reviewing existing agroecological sustainability assessment tools. Indicators are collected based on literature review. Then they are synthesized into the holistic agroecology assessment framework. New indicators are developed during the project and are also used to address any context-specific data needs or cover gaps of the existing tools. </span></p>
Methodology for optimal combinations of agroecological practices (AEPs)
<table> <tbody> <tr> <td>The assessment framework is developed by first reviewing existing agroecological sustainability assessment tools. Indicators are collected based on literature review. Then they are synthesized into the holistic agroecology assessment framework. New indicators are developed during the project and are also used to address any context-specific data needs or cover gaps of the existing tools.<span> </span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Figure 3. Chromatogram from the sample fairs MAC 02 and ARA 0 in Detection of enteropathogens and research of pesticide residues in Lactuca sativa from traditional and agroecological fairs
Figure 3. Chromatogram from the sample fairs MAC 02 and ARA 0, with the peaks of Diphenoconazole compared with the pattern.
Policies, systemic factors, trade-offs and synergies for agroecological transitions
<table> <tbody> <tr> <td>In order to identify the existing policies, systemic factors, trade-offs and synergies for agroecological transition we collected data via desk research, interviews with policy-makers and focus groups. This dataset presents the interview outcomes for 39 policy-makers from our focal countries</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Dataset from: The effects of crop type, landscape composition and agroecological practices on biodiversity and ecosystem services in tropical smallholder farms
<p>1. In the tropics, smallholder farming characterizes some of the world's most biodiverse landscapes. Agroecology as a pathway to sustainable agriculture has been proposed and implemented in sub-Saharan Africa, but the effects of agricultural practices in smallholder agriculture on biodiversity and ecosystem services are understudied. Similarly, the contribution of different landscape elements, such as shrubland or grassland cover, on biodiversity and ecosystem services to fields remains unknown.</p> <p>2. We selected 24 villages situated in landscapes with varying shrubland and grassland cover in Malawi. In each village, we assessed biodiversity of eight taxa and ecosystem services in relation to crop type, shrubland and grassland cover and the number of agroecological pest and soil management practices on smallholder's fields of different crop types (bean monoculture, maize-bean intercrop, and maize monoculture).</p> <p>3. Increasing shrubland cover altered carabid and soil bacteria communities. Carabid abundance increased in maize but decreased in intercrop and bean fields with increasing shrubland cover. Carabid abundance and richness and wasp abundance increased with soil management practices. Carabid, spider, and parasitoid abundances were higher in bean monocultures, but this was modulated by surrounding shrubland cover. Natural enemy abundances in beans were especially high in landscapes with little shrubland, possibly leading to lower bean damage in monocultures compared to intercropped fields, whereas maize monocultures had higher damage. In maize, grassland cover and pest management practices were positively related to damage. Carabid abundance was higher in fields with high bean damage and increased carabid richness in fields with high maize damage. Parasitoid abundance was negatively associated with bean damage.</p> <p>4. <em>Synthesis and application:</em> Our results suggest that maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services on smallholder farms is not achievable with a "one size fits all" approach but should instead be adapted to the landscape context and the priorities of smallholders. Shrubland is important to maintain carabid and soil bacterial diversity, but legume cultivation beneficial to natural enemies could complement pest management in landscapes with a low shrubland cover. An increased number of agroecological soil management practices can lead to improved pest control whilst the effectiveness of agroecological pest management practices needs to be re-evaluated.</p>
Dataset from: The effects of crop type, landscape composition and agroecological practices on biodiversity and ecosystem services in tropical smallholder farms
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Data from: The importance of shrubland and local agroecological practices for pumpkin production in sub-Saharan smallholdings
<p>Land-use and local field management affect pollinators, pest damage, and ultimately crop yields. Agroecology is implemented as a sustainable alternative to conventional agricultural practices, but little is known about its potential for pollination and pest management. Sub-Saharan Africa is underrepresented in studies investigating the relative importance of pests and pollinators for crop productivity and how this might be influenced by surrounding landscapes or agroecological practices. In Malawi, we selected 24 smallholder farms differing in landscape-scale shrubland cover, implementation of manual pest removal as an indicator of an agroecological pest management practice, and the number of agroecological soil practices employed at the household level, such as mulching, intercropping, and soil conservation tillage. We established pumpkin plots and assessed the abundance and richness of flower visitors and damage of flowers (florivory) caused by pest herbivores on flowers. Using a full-factorial hand pollination and exclusion experiment on each plot, we investigated the relative contribution of pollination and florivory to pumpkin yield. Increasing shrubland cover decreased honeybee abundance but increased the abundance and richness of non-honeybee visitors. Manual removal of herbivores considered to be pests reduced flower visitors, whereas more agroecological soil management practices increased flower visitors. Neither shrubland cover nor agroecological management affected florivory. Pollinator limitation, but not florivory, constrained pumpkin fruit set, and increasing visitor richness decreased the relative differences between hand- and animal-pollinated flowers. We recommend improved protection of shrubland habitats and increasing agroecological soil practices to promote pollinator richness on smallholder farms.</p>
Agroecological farming, flowering phenology and the pollinator-herbivore-parasitoid nexus regulate non-crop plant reproduction
<p>Agroecological farming uses crop and non-crop plant biodiversity to promote beneficial insects supplying pollination and biocontrol services to crops. Non-crop plants (sown or weeds) are integral to supporting these beneficial insect species interactions. How the uplift of biotic complexity by agroecological management (crop diversification, ecological infrastructure) influences mutualistic and antagonistic insect interactions regulating the reproduction of non-crop plants remains less understood. </p> <p>Using a pesticide-free farm-scale (125 ha) agroecological experiment, we tested how the individual reproduction of pollinator-dependent, non-crop plant species with different flowering phenology (<em>Cyanus segetum, Centaurea jacea</em>) and their mutualistic (pollinator) and antagonistic (seed herbivore–parasitoid) insect interactions were affected by agroecological practices. </p> <p>Seed set and species interactions of replicate <em>C. segetum</em> and <em>C. jacea</em> randomly introduced to field margins was correlated with floral resource heterogeneity at focal plant (e.g., flower display size), local community (floral richness/abundance driven by sown wildflower or grass margins), and local landscape (crop diversification, area of semi-natural habitat or mass flowering crops) scales. </p> <p>At the seasonal peak of non-crop floral diversity and abundance, antagonistic interactions weakly regulated <em>C. segetum</em> seed set with gains from pollinator activity predominating. Conversely, <em>C. jacea</em>, which flowered past the peak of non-crop floral diversity/abundance benefited from the promotion of seed herbivore parasitism and pollinator activity by the local landscape cover of semi-natural habitat and mass flowering crops.</p> <p>Synthesis and applications. Agroecological management produced spatial and-temporal gradients in crop and non-crop floral resources that interacted to modify pollinator or seed herbivore-parasitoid interactions and seed set of <em>Cyanus segetum</em> and <em>Centaurea jacea</em> plants. The degree of phenological overlap between <em>C. segetum</em> and <em>C. jacea</em> flowering and floral resources in the local community or landscape dictated the type and level of exposure to insect interactions influencing reproduction. Design of agroecological practices to deliver pollination and biocontrol services must consider how effects will vary with species traits and the ensemble of mutualistic (pollination) and antagonistic (herbivory, parasitism) interactions governing non-crop plant reproduction. Agroecological management supporting beneficial insect interactions may feedback to help restore functional non-crop plant populations and associated biodiversity, potentially reducing the frequency of management interventions (e.g., re-sowing wildflower strips). </p>
Figure 2 in Detection of enteropathogens and research of pesticide residues in Lactuca sativa from traditional and agroecological fairs
Figure 2. Difenoconazole calibration curve.
Antiox properties and mass fingerprint data (DLI-ESI and LTP MS) for elite maize (Zea mays) hybrids in different agroecologies
<p>Study of the nutraceutical value of elite maize (Zea mays) hybrids, using mass fingerprinting by direct liquid injection (DLI) electrospray ionization (ESI) and low-temperature plasma (LTP) ionization.</p>
Data from: Agroecological measures in meadows promote honey bee colony development and winter survival
<p><span>The homogenization of agricultural landscapes has led to a decrease in pollinator diversity and abundance. In response to this decline, farmers have implemented agroecological measures, which, in meadows, aim at providing more floral resources. These measures are the availability of unmown floral strips, delayed mowing, and discouraging the use of the conditioner, a device known to harm insects. The aim of our study was to investigate the cascade of effects of these agroecological measures on honey bee colony development and winter survival. We (i) determined the effect of these measures on colony size during the nectar and pollen collecting season in spring and summer, (ii) evaluated the effect of spring and summer colony sizes on autumn size, and (iii) described the effect of colony size in autumn on winter mortality. In this study, 300 honey bee colonies were monitored over three years </span><span>in three cantons of Switzerland. Colony size was defined by the number of brood cells and adult workers, Honey bee colony size in summer and autumn were improved by agroecological measures on meadows and likely contributed to the increased overwintering success.</span> <span>This study is a first step towards the targeted identification of viable agroecological measures on temporary meadows that can be implemented to promote honey bee colonies' health in the agricultural landscape.</span></p>
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