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406 results for “Amblypygi”
Fig. 5 in A new species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae) from Israel and new records of C ioanniticus (Kritscher, 1959)
Fig. 5. Live specimens of Charinus israelensis sp. nov. A. Two specimens showing the size range. B. ♀ carrying eggsacs, lateral view. C. ♀ carrying egg sacs, ventral view.
Fig. 4 in A new species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae) from Israel and new records of C ioanniticus (Kritscher, 1959)
Fig. 4. Carapace, frontal process and habitus. A, C–D. Charinus israelensis sp. nov. B, E–F. C. ioanniticus (Kritscher, 1959). Scale bars: A–B = 1.0 mm; C–E = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 2 in A new species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae) from Israel and new records of C ioanniticus (Kritscher, 1959)
Fig. 2. Charinus israelensis sp. nov. A. Last segment of basitibia and distitibia IV. B. Mesal view of chelicerae, detail of the internal row of teeth in the basal segment. Abbreviations: bc = basocaudal; bf = basofrontal; bt = basotibial; sbf = sub-basofrontal. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Fig. 3 in A new species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae) from Israel and new records of C ioanniticus (Kritscher, 1959)
Fig. 3. Charinus israelensis sp. nov., gonopod and leg I. A. Dorsal view of female gonopods. B. Detail of the tip of the finger-like gonopod. C. Dorsal view of the first segments of tarsus I. D. Detail of the tip of the first segment of tarsus I. Abbreviations: b = bristle; cl = club sensillum; mc = modified claw.
Fig. 1 in A new species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae) from Israel and new records of C ioanniticus (Kritscher, 1959)
Fig. 1. Charinus israelensis sp. nov. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Sternum. C. Frontal view of pedipalp distitarsus. D. Pedipalp, dorsal view. E. Pedipalp, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 3c. from: New records of two endemic troglobitic and threatened arachnids (Amblypygi and Opiliones) from limestone caves of Minas Gerais state, southeast Brazil - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5260 (10 November 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5260
Figure 3c. - Iandumoemauai, male from Lapa do Cipó cave.Figure 3a.Dorsal view of pedipalpal tibia-tarsus ectal and mesal setae IiIiFigure 3b.Dorsal view of habitus, showing coxa IV tuberculate laterally, with robust apical external apophysis and curved at 1/3 distal (on male) and femurIV curved laterally and dorsally at 1/3 from base (on male)Figure 3c.Lateral view of habitus, showing eye mound with erect high spine, with acuminate apex pointing slightly backwards. <br> Lateral view of habitus, showing eye mound with erect high spine, with acuminate apex pointing slightly backwards.
Figure 4a. from: New records of two endemic troglobitic and threatened arachnids (Amblypygi and Opiliones) from limestone caves of Minas Gerais state, southeast Brazil - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5260 (10 November 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5260
Figure 4a. - Charinuseleonorae, female from Lapa do Cipó cave.Figure 4a.Carapace, dorsal view, showing mid-portion of carapace without median eyesFigure 4b.Habitus, dorsal viewFigure 4c.Lateral view of right pedipalp showing spines. <br> Carapace, dorsal view, showing mid-portion of carapace without median eyes
Figure 2. from: New records of two endemic troglobitic and threatened arachnids (Amblypygi and Opiliones) from limestone caves of Minas Gerais state, southeast Brazil - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5260 (10 November 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5260
Figure 2. - Lapa do Cipó cave entrance; ca. 20 meters high. Both people in the bottom right are for scale.
Figure 3b. from: New records of two endemic troglobitic and threatened arachnids (Amblypygi and Opiliones) from limestone caves of Minas Gerais state, southeast Brazil - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5260 (10 November 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5260
Figure 3b. - Iandumoemauai, male from Lapa do Cipó cave.Figure 3a.Dorsal view of pedipalpal tibia-tarsus ectal and mesal setae IiIiFigure 3b.Dorsal view of habitus, showing coxa IV tuberculate laterally, with robust apical external apophysis and curved at 1/3 distal (on male) and femurIV curved laterally and dorsally at 1/3 from base (on male)Figure 3c.Lateral view of habitus, showing eye mound with erect high spine, with acuminate apex pointing slightly backwards. <br> Dorsal view of habitus, showing coxa IV tuberculate laterally, with robust apical external apophysis and curved at 1/3 distal (on male) and femurIV curved laterally and dorsally at 1/3 from base (on male)
Figure 1. from: New records of two endemic troglobitic and threatened arachnids (Amblypygi and Opiliones) from limestone caves of Minas Gerais state, southeast Brazil - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5260 (10 November 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5260
Figure 1. - Type-locality (Olhos d'Água cave) and new records (Lapa do Cipó cave) for the troglobitic Iandumoemauai and Charinuseleonorae. The soil level represents the relative altitudes in the area and the drainages are in the lowest level. Olhos d'Água cave resurgence is the main entrance for this cave. See the two separated drainages for both caves.
Figure 3a. from: New records of two endemic troglobitic and threatened arachnids (Amblypygi and Opiliones) from limestone caves of Minas Gerais state, southeast Brazil - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5260 (10 November 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5260
Figure 3a. - Iandumoemauai, male from Lapa do Cipó cave.Figure 3a.Dorsal view of pedipalpal tibia-tarsus ectal and mesal setae IiIiFigure 3b.Dorsal view of habitus, showing coxa IV tuberculate laterally, with robust apical external apophysis and curved at 1/3 distal (on male) and femurIV curved laterally and dorsally at 1/3 from base (on male)Figure 3c.Lateral view of habitus, showing eye mound with erect high spine, with acuminate apex pointing slightly backwards. <br> Dorsal view of pedipalpal tibia-tarsus ectal and mesal setae IiIi
Figure 4c. from: New records of two endemic troglobitic and threatened arachnids (Amblypygi and Opiliones) from limestone caves of Minas Gerais state, southeast Brazil - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5260 (10 November 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5260
Figure 4c. - Charinuseleonorae, female from Lapa do Cipó cave.Figure 4a.Carapace, dorsal view, showing mid-portion of carapace without median eyesFigure 4b.Habitus, dorsal viewFigure 4c.Lateral view of right pedipalp showing spines. <br> Lateral view of right pedipalp showing spines.
Figure 4b. from: New records of two endemic troglobitic and threatened arachnids (Amblypygi and Opiliones) from limestone caves of Minas Gerais state, southeast Brazil - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5260 (10 November 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5260
Figure 4b. - Charinuseleonorae, female from Lapa do Cipó cave.Figure 4a.Carapace, dorsal view, showing mid-portion of carapace without median eyesFigure 4b.Habitus, dorsal viewFigure 4c.Lateral view of right pedipalp showing spines. <br> Habitus, dorsal view
Fig. 3 in Sensory Structures On The Antenniform Legs Of Whip Spider Phrynichus Phipsoni (Arachnida, Amblypygi) From The Indian State Of Goa: Scanning Electron Microscopic Elucidation
Fig. 3. Sensory assembly on the whip (Antenniform leg) of Phrynichus phipsoni from Goa, India: 8 — rod sensilla within groove, 9 — plate organ, 10 — slit sensilla, 11 — trichobothria, 12 — sockets of trichobothria
Fig. 1 in Sensory Structures On The Antenniform Legs Of Whip Spider Phrynichus Phipsoni (Arachnida, Amblypygi) From The Indian State Of Goa: Scanning Electron Microscopic Elucidation
Fig. 1. Resting captive specimen of whip spider Phrynichus phipsoni (Pocock, 1894). Note the whip like configuration, position, and length of the antenniform first pair of non-ambulatory leg. The various segments have been marked for reference: 1 — vertically raised femur; 2 — femur-patella-tibia joint; 3 — tibia; 4 — tibio-tarsal articulation; 5 — tarsus; 6 — distal tarsal tip.
Fig. 2 in Sensory Structures On The Antenniform Legs Of Whip Spider Phrynichus Phipsoni (Arachnida, Amblypygi) From The Indian State Of Goa: Scanning Electron Microscopic Elucidation
Fig. 2. Sensory assembly on the whip (Antenniform leg) of Phrynichus phipsoni from Goa, India: 1 — terminal tarsal claw; 2 — bristles; 3 — leaf like sensilla; 4 — pore sensilla; 5 — club sensilla; 6 — tarsal organ; 7 — pit organ.
First global phylogeny of whip spiders (Amblypygi)
<p>Asymmetrical rates of cladogenesis and extinction abound in the Tree of Life, resulting in numerous minute clades that are dwarfed by larger sister groups. Such taxa are commonly regarded as phylogenetic relicts or "living fossils" when they exhibit an ancient first appearance in the fossil record and prolonged external morphological stasis, particularly in comparison to their more diversified sister groups. Due to their special status, various phylogenetic relicts tend to be well-studied and prioritized for conservation. A notable exception to this trend is found within Amblypygi ("whip spiders"), a visually striking order of functionally hexapodous arachnids that are notable for their antenniform first walking leg pair (the eponymous "whips"). Paleoamblypygi, the putative sister group to the remaining Amblypygi, is known from Late Carboniferous and Eocene deposits but is survived by a single living species, <em>Paracharon caecus</em> Hansen, 1921, that was last collected in 1899. Due to the absence of genomic sequence-grade tissue for this vital taxon, there is no global molecular phylogeny for Amblypygi to date, nor a fossil-calibrated estimation of divergences within the group. Here, we report several individuals of a previously unknown species of Paleoamblypygi from a cave site in Colombia. Capitalizing upon this discovery, we generated the first molecular phylogeny of Amblypygi, integrating ultraconserved element sequencing with legacy Sanger datasets and including described extant genera. To quantify the impact of sampling Paleoamblypygi on divergence time estimation, we performed in silico experiments with pruning of Paracharon. We demonstrate that the omission of relicts has a significant impact on the accuracy of node dating approaches that outweighs the impact of excluding ingroup fossils. Our results underscore the imperative for biodiversity discovery efforts in elucidating the phylogenetic relationships of "dark taxa", and especially phylogenetic relicts in tropical and subtropical habitats. The lack of reciprocal monophyly for Charontidae and Charinidae leads us to subsume them into one family, Charontidae (new synonymy).</p>
Fig 6. A-F in Eight New Species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arαchnidα: Amblypygi: Chαrinidαe) Endemic for the Brαziliαn Amαzon, with Notes on Their Conservαtionαl Stαtus
Fig 6. A-F. Habitus and details of the sternum and pedipalp of Charinus bonaldoi sp. n. (female holotype, MPEG AMB 061) A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus of a female with eggs; C. Sternum; D. Frontal view of the right pedipalp basitiba, distitiba and claw; E. Dorsal view of the right pedipalp; F. Ventral view of the left pedipalp. Scale bars: 1mm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148277.g006
Fig 5. A-E in Eight New Species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arαchnidα: Amblypygi: Chαrinidαe) Endemic for the Brαziliαn Amαzon, with Notes on Their Conservαtionαl Stαtus
Fig 5. A-E. Habitus and details of the sternum and pedipalp of Charinus ricardoi sp. n. (female holotype, MZSP 22036) A. Dorsal habitus; B. Sternum; C. Frontal view of the right pedipalp basitiba, distitiba and claw; D. Dorsal view of the right pedipalp; E. Ventral view of the right pedipalp. Scale bars: 1mm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148277.g005
Fig 4. A-H in Eight New Species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arαchnidα: Amblypygi: Chαrinidαe) Endemic for the Brαziliαn Amαzon, with Notes on Their Conservαtionαl Stαtus
Fig 4. A-H. Female and male gonopods of the new species described in this paper. A-F. Female gonopods. A. Charinus brescoviti sp. n. (IBSP 149); B. Charinus ricardoi sp. n. (MZSP 22036); C. Charinus bonaldoi sp. n. (MPEG 061); D. Charinus guto sp. n. (MZSP 48146); E. Charinus carajas sp. n. (MZSP 29132); F. Charinus orientalis sp. n. (MNRJ 09249). G-H. Male gonopods. G. Charinus carajas sp. n. (MZSP 29121); H. Charinus ferreus sp. n. (MZSP 29106). Scale bars of figures. A, B, C, E, G, H: 100μm. Scale bars of figures. D, F: 50μm. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0148277.g004
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