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10 results for “Anamalais”
Fruit, seed dispersal, and life history traits of tropical rainforest trees of the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India
<p>This dataset contains compiled Fruit, seed dispersal, and life history traits of tropical rainforest trees of the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India. The list of species included are mainly from the following two related publications:<br>- Muthuramkumar, S., Ayyappan, N., Parthasarathy, N., Mudappa, D., Raman, T.R.S., Selwyn, M.A. and Pragasan, L.A. (2006), <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00118.x">Plant Community Structure in Tropical Rain Forest Fragments of the Western Ghats, India</a>. <em>Biotropica</em>, 38: 143-160. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00118.x<br>- Osuri, A., Chakravarthy, D., Mudappa, D., Raman, T., Ayyappan, N., Muthuramkumar, S., & Parthasarathy, N. (2017). <a href="http://httpd//doi.org/10.1017/S0266467417000219">Successional status, seed dispersal mode and overstorey species influence tree regeneration in tropical rain-forest fragments in Western Ghats, India</a>. <em>Journal of Tropical Ecology</em>, 33(4), 270-284. doi:10.1017/S0266467417000219<br>The present dataset is an expanded and updated version of the related dataset available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vd0nn">https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vd0nn</a><br> <br>Species traits information was collated from <a href="http://www.biotik.org/">BIOTIK (http://www.biotik.org/</a>), <a href="http://www.flowersofindia.net/">Flowers of India (http://www.flowersofindia.net/)</a>, India Biodiversity Portal (http://indiabiodiversity.org/), <a href="https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.234/1">Global wood density database (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.234/1)</a> and <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467417000219">Osuri et al. (2014): https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467417000219</a>. We also referred to the following previous studies that provided information on the successional status of rain-forest species in the Western Ghats (Chetana 2013, Pascal 1988, Raman et al. 2009, Sreejith 2005).</p> <p><strong>References:</strong><br>CHETANA, H. C. 2013. Assessing the ecological processes in abandoned tea plantations and its implication for ecological restoration in the Western Ghats, India. PhD thesis, Manipal University.<br>OSURI, A. M., KUMAR, V. S. & SANKARAN, M. 2014. Altered stand structure and tree allometry reduce carbon storage in evergreen forest fragments in India’s Western Ghats. <em>Forest Ecology and Management </em>329: 375–383.<br>PASCAL, J. P. 1988. <em>Wet evergreen forests of the Western Ghats of India: Ecology, structure, floristic composition and succession</em>. Institut Français de Pondichéry, Pondicherry.<br>RAMAN, T. R. S., MUDAPPA, D. & KAPOOR, V. 2009. Restoring rainforest fragments: survival of mixed-native species seedlings under contrasting site conditions in the Western Ghats, India. <em>Restoration Ecology</em> 17:137–147.<br>SREEJITH, K. A. 2005. Ecological and ecophysiological studies on the successional status of tree seedlings in tropical wet evergreen and semi-evergreen forests of Kerala. PhD thesis, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun.</p> <p><strong>Geographic Coverage:</strong><br>1. Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India<br>2. GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (10°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52' - 76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12' - 10°35'N, 76°49' - 77°24'E)</p> <p><strong>Temporal Coverage:</strong><br>1. Begins: 2003-03-01 (Year, Month, Day)<br>2. Ends: 2024-02-10 (Year, Month, Day)</p> <p>Besides the <strong>README.txt</strong> file, the dataset includes the following comma-delimited text (csv) file with the data in columns as explained below:</p> <p><strong>Anamalai_tree_traits_2024.csv</strong></p> <p><strong>spec_name_ORIG:</strong> Scientific name of the species used during the data collection<br><strong>genus:</strong> Genus of the taxon<br><strong>specificEpithet:</strong> Specific epithet of the taxon in the Latin binomial name<br><strong>Accept_name_WFO:</strong> Updated scientific name of the species as in Plants of the World Online (POWO, https://powo.science.kew.org/)<br><strong>Habit:</strong> life form of the species(tree/shrub/cane/palm)<br><strong>Distribution:</strong> Distribution of the species in the study area (Native/Endemic/Introduced)<br><strong>IUCN_status:</strong> IUCN status of the species (CR-Critically Endangered,DD-Data deficient,EN-Endangered,LC-Least Concern,NT-Near Threatened,VU-Vulnerable,NA-Unknown)<br><strong>Wden_final:</strong> Wood density value assigned for the species (g cm^-3); NA - not available; sourced from Global wood density database (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.234/1)<br><strong>wd_level:</strong> Level in which the wood density value belongs (Species - wood density value is from species level; genus - wood density value assigned is the genus level average value)<br><strong>fruit_type:</strong> Morphological type of fruit<br><strong>fleshy_dry:</strong> Whether fruit is a dry fruit or fleshy, with aril or other parts <br><strong>seed_size:</strong> Species seed size: L = Large (>3 cm); M = Medium (1-3 cm); S = Small (<1 cm)<br><strong>disperser:</strong> Categories indicating seed dispersal mode: Bird, mammal, bird and mammal (Mammal_bird), gravity, wind, or unknown<br><strong>habitat:</strong> Habitat affinity category: EG_edg - evergreen forest edge; EG_for - evergreen forest; Dec_for - deciduous forest; Int – Introduced species; Unknown – Unknown<br><strong>habt_new:</strong> Habitat affinity new category: Mature – mature forest; Secondary – secondary forest, NA - unknown/Introduced species<br><strong>ad_ht:</strong> Species maximum adult height (m)</p>
Tree and habitat structure data from rainforest fragments and coffee plantations in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India
<p><strong>TITLE</strong></p><p><strong>Tree and habitat structure data from rainforest fragments and coffee plantations in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India</strong><br> </p><p><strong>DESCRIPTION</strong></p><p>This dataset contains point-centred quarter (PCQ) data on trees and habitat structure measurements data from rainforest fragments and some coffee plantations in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India. The data were gathered to quantity habitat parameters for bird and small carnivorous mamm community studies. Data were gathered mainly by T. R. Shankar Raman and Divya Mudappa (2000 to 2003), Hari Sridhar (2005), and Akshay Surendra (2019).</p><p><strong>Publications</strong></p><p>Specific portions of the dataset have been used in the following publications:</p><ul><li>Mudappa, D. 2001. <a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10603/101890">Ecology of the brown palm civet <i>Paradoxurus jerdoni</i> in the tropical rainforests of the Western Ghats, India</a>. Ph. D. thesis, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. https://hdl.handle.net/10603/101890</li><li>Raman, T. R. S. 2001. <a href="https://archive.org/details/raman-2001-ph-d-thesis-iisc">Community ecology and conservation of mid-elevation tropical rainforest bird communities in the southern Western Ghats, India</a>. PhD thesis, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. https://archive.org/details/raman-2001-ph-d-thesis-iisc</li><li>Raman, T.R.S. 2006. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-005-2352-5">Effects of Habitat Structure and Adjacent Habitats on Birds in Tropical Rainforest Fragments and Shaded Plantations in the Western Ghats, India</a>. <i>Biodiversity and Conservation</i> 15: 1577–1607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-005-2352-5</li><li>Sridhar, H., & Sankar, K. 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467408004823">Effects of habitat degradation on mixed-species bird flocks in Indian rain forests</a>. <i>Journal of Tropical Ecology</i> 24: 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467408004823</li><li>Surendra, A. & Raman, T. R. S. 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.22.513365">Forest bird decline and community change over 19 years in long-isolated South Asian tropical rainforest fragments</a>. Preprint. <i>BioRxiv</i> 2022.10.22.513365. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.22.513365<br> </li></ul><p>A related dataset is the following:<br>Raman, T. R. S. (2020). Data from: Effects of Habitat Structure and Adjacent Habitats on Birds in Tropical Rainforest Fragments and Shaded Plantations in the Western Ghats, India. <i>Dryad Dataset.</i> https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4mw6m907q<br> </p><p><strong>Curation and corrections</strong></p><p>Data were collated, curated, and corrected before this upload. Besides addition of new columns, explanations of metadata, and other corrections included few related to canopy measurements, effective girth of multi-stem trees, and species identification.</p><p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p><p>We are grateful to P. Jeganathan and P. R. Shankar for assistance with data collection in 2000. Others who assisted with field research, and funding agencies related to the specific studies, are acknowledged in the above publications. The data compilation and publication was carried out as part of a grant from Fondation Franklinia to NCF.</p><p><br><strong>CONTACTS</strong><br> </p><p>CONTACT #1<br>1. Name: T. R. Shankar Raman<br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: trsr@ncf-india.org<br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3953</p><p>CONTACT #2<br>1. Name: Divya Mudappa<br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: divya@ncf-india.org<br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-4826</p><p>CONTACT #3<br>1. Name: Hari Sridhar<br>2. Work Address: Wildlife Institute of India, Post Bag #18, Chandrabani, Dehradun – 248001, Uttarakhand, India; Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: harisridhar1982@gmail.com<br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3286-0120</p><p>CONTACT #4<br>1. Name: Akshay Surendra<br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India; School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT – 06511, USA; New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10458<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: akshaysurendra1@gmail.com<br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2719-7432<br> </p><p><br><strong>GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE</strong></p><p>1. Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India</p><p>2. GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (10°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52' - 76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12' - 10°35'N, 76°49' - 77°24'E)</p><p><br><strong>TEMPORAL COVERAGE</strong></p><p>1. Begins: 2000-01-01 (Year, Month, Day)<br>2. Ends: 2019-12-31 (Year, Month, Day)</p><p><br><strong>METHODS</strong></p><p>Methods involved are described in the publications listed above. The vegetation sampling methods are briefly described below.</p><p>PCQ data: Trees ≥30cm girth at breast height (gbh, at 1.3 m) were sampled in replicate point-centred quarter (PCQ) points in each of the sites (fragments or coffee plantations).</p><p>All trees in the PCQ plots were identified to species, or in a few cases to genus, using available field guides. Using a tape measure, distance from plot centre to the middle of the bole and GBH were recorded for each tree. At each of the PCQ plots, circular plots were laid to enumerate shrubs and cut trees and record presence or absence of lianas, cane, Lantana etc as described in the metadata. Canopy and leaf litter variables were measured at replicate points, spaced 25 to 50 m apart, in each site. Elevation readings were also taken at these points using an altimeter or handheld GPS. Canopy height was measured using a rangefinder. Percentage canopy cover was measured using a spherical densiometer at each of the 25 points in each site. Vertical stratification was assessed by noting presence or absence of foliage in the following height intervals (in metres): 0–1, 1–2, 2–4, 4–8, 8–16, 16–24, 24–32, and > 32, directly above and in a 0.5 m radius around each point. Leaf litter depth on the forest floor was measured using a calibrated wooden probe at each point. Where ground vegetation and litter were disturbed along trails, the samples were taken away from trails in the forest floor.</p><p><br><strong>FILES INCLUDED</strong><br>Besides the 00_README.txt file that contains this metadata, the dataset includes the following 7 files, whose details and contents are explained below. (Wherever used in the various files, NA implies not available.)<br> </p><p><strong>01) sites.csv -- Details of study sites</strong><br>verbatimLocality: Name of locality as originally used<br>Fragment: Name of rainforest fragment or coffee plantation<br>decimalLongitude: Longitude in decimal degrees North (WGS 84 datum)<br>decimalLatitude: Latitude in decimal degrees East (WGS 84 datum)<br>habitat: Habitat type as mature tropical rainforest, tropical rainforest fragment, or coffee plantation<br>Description: Description of the place<br> </p><p><strong>02) allpcqdata.csv -- Tree data from point-centred quarter (PCQ) surveys</strong><br>Year: Year of survey for bird and vegetation study<br>verbatimLocality: Name of locality as originally used<br>Fragment: Name of rainforest fragment or coffee plantation<br>Point_name: Name ID of point-centred quarter (PCQ) point as used within a survey year<br>pointID: Unique ID of point-centred quarter (PCQ) point including year of survey<br>Tree_no: Tree number ID given to the four trees in each PCQ plot (T1 to T4)<br>verbatimIdentification: Scientific name of tree species as originally written or identified<br>scientificName: Scientific name as currently identified under updated taxonomy<br>nativeAlien: Category indicating whether species is native or alien to the region/country<br>kingdom: Taxonomic Kingdom<br>phylum: Taxonomic Phylum<br>Distance_eff: Distance in metres from centre of PCQ plot to centre of tree trunk<br>Girth_eff: Girth in centimetres (cm) at breast height (1.3 m) of the tree after correction (using appropriate formula) in the case of multi-stemmed individuals<br>locationRemarks: Code for site name as originally used<br>SpCode: Species code as originally used during data entry<br>TreeHeight: Tree height in metres (only available in 2019 survey)<br>identificationRemarks: Notes related to identification if available<br>occurrenceRemarks: Notes related to multi-stemmed individuals (girths in cm) if available and note on one possibly errorneous girth<br> </p><p><strong>03) pcqlocations.csv -- Locations of sample PCQ points</strong><br>pointID: Unique ID of point-centred quarter (PCQ) point including year of survey<br>note: Site name code<br>decimalLatitude: Latitude in decimal degrees East (WGS 84 datum)<br>decimalLongitude: Longitude in decimal degrees North (WGS 84 datum)<br>coordinateUncertaintyInMeters: Approximate uncertainty of the location in metres<br> </p><p><strong>04) allhabitat.csv -- Data on habitat structure variables</strong><br>Year: Year of survey for bird and vegetation study<br>verbatimLocality: Name of locality as originally used<br>Fragment: Name of rainforest fragment or coffee plantation<br>Point: ID of replicate survey point within the Fragment<br>0-1m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 0-1 m above ground<br>1-2m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 1-2 m above ground<br>2-4m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 2-4 m above ground<br>4-8m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 4-8 m above ground<br>8-16m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 8-16 m above ground<br>16-24m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 16-24 m above ground<br>24-32m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 24-32 m above ground<br>over32m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band greater than 32 m above ground<br>VertStrata: Number of vertical strata with foliage (sum of preceding 8 columns)<br>CanopyHeight: Canopy height in metres<br>CanopyOpenness: Canopy openness in percentage as measured using a spherical densiometer<br>CanopyCover: Canopy cover (closure) in percentage as measured using a spherical densiometer<br>CanopyOverlap: Canopy overlap rank: 0-open sky above; 1-branches above barely touching; 2-overlapping branches above, sky visible; 3-overlapping branches, sky not visible<br>UC: Canopy overlap rank as above, for understorey vegetation only<br>MC: Canopy overlap rank as above, for the midstorey only<br>CC: Canopy overlap rank as above, for the upper canopy only<br>Altitude: Altitude above sea leavel in metres, measued from hand-held altimeter or GPS device<br>RfShrub: Number of shrubs (woody stems at least 1 m in height, GBH < 30 cm) within 2 m radius of point<br>Coffee: Number of coffee bushes (woody stems at least 1 m in height, GBH < 30 cm) within 2 m radius of point<br>Maesopsis: Number of alien Maesopsis eminii stems (woody stems at least 1 m in height, GBH < 30 cm) within 2 m radius of point<br>Strobilanthes: Number of Strobilanthes shrubs (woody stems at least 1 m in height, GBH < 30 cm) within 2 m radius of point<br>TotalShrub: Total number of shrubs within 2 m radius of point<br>Liana: Presence (1) or absence (0) of woody lianas within 5 m radius of point<br>Cane: Presence (1) or absence (0) of cane (Calamus sp.) within 2 m radius of point<br>Lantana: Presence (1) or absence (0) of Lantana camara shrubs within 2 m radius of point<br>Bamboo: Presence (1) or absence (0) of bamboo culms within 2 m radius of point<br>LeafLitter: Depth of leaf litter in cm (to 0.5 cm accuracy) measured using a calibrated wooden probe<br>CutTrees: Number of cut trees within 5 m radius of point<br> </p><p><strong>05) gbifnames.csv -- Results of GBIF name matching tool</strong><br>sno: Serial number<br>verbatimScientificName: Scientific name of tree species as originally written or identified<br>scientificName: Scientific name after matching with Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) database to lowest taxonomic level<br>sciNameWithAuthor: Scientific name with author as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>key: GBIF key as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>matchType: Type of match as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>confidence: Confidence as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>status: Status as accepted name or synonym as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>rank: Taxonomic rank as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>kingdom: Kingdom as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>phylum: Phylum as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>class: Class as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>order: Order as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>family: Family as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>genus: Genus as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>species: Species as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>canonicalName: Canonical name as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>authorship: Author of name as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br> </p><p><strong>06) plots2000.csv -- Data from 5 m radius circular plots in select sites</strong><br>verbatimLocality: Name of locality as originally used<br>Fragment: Name of rainforest fragment or coffee plantation<br>PlotID: ID of 5 m radius plot<br>Treeno: Serial number of tree in the plot<br>verbatimIdentification: Scientific name of tree species as originally written or identified<br>scientificName: Scientific name as currently identified under updated taxonomy<br>Girth_eff: Girth in centimetres (cm) at breast height (1.3 m) of the tree after correction (using appropriate formula) in the case of multi-stemmed individuals<br>nativeAlien: Category indicating whether species is native or alien to the region/country<br>kingdom: Kingdom as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>phylum: Phylum as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>occurrenceRemarks: Notes related to multi-stemmed individuals (girths in cm) if available and identification</p><p> </p><p><strong>07) anampcqs4gbif.rmd -- Text file with code in the R statistical and programming language</strong> </p><p>This R code was used for converting data in this Zenodo dataset into Darwin Core occurrence dataset for upload to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF, https://www.gbif.org). The published dataset can now be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.15468/cmsveh</p><p> </p><p><strong>Changes in Version 2</strong></p><p>In sites.csv, changed habitat from "Rainforest" to "Tropical rainforest fragment" for Puthuthottam</p><p>Added the anampcqs4gbif.rmd file with R code</p>
Data from: Seasonal variation in wildlife roadkills in plantations and tropical rainforest in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India
<p>This dataset contains animal roadkill data (2011-13) from the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India. Occurrence records were gathered in the field by researchers of the <a href="https://www.ncf-india.org">Nature Conservation Foundation, India</a>. The dataset corresponds to the following publication:</p> <p>Jeganathan, P., Mudappa, D., Kumar, M. A., and Raman, T. R. S. 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626">Seasonal variation in wildlife roadkills in plantations and tropical rainforest in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India</a>. <em>Current Science</em> 114(3): 619-626. DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626</p> <p>CONTACT #1<br> 1. Name: P. Jeganathan<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: jegan@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0238-0655</p> <p>CONTACT #2<br> 1. Name: Divya Mudappa<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: divya@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-4826</p> <p>CONTACT #3<br> 1. Name: M. Ananda Kumar<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: anand@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7094-1314</p> <p>CONTACT #4<br> 1. Name: T. R. Shankar Raman<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: trsr@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3953</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>tropical rainforest, plantations, Anamalai Hills, animal roadkill, linear infrastructure intrusions, highways, road ecology, animal-vehicle collisions </p> <p><strong>Geographic Coverage:</strong><br> 1. Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India<br> 2. GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (10°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52' - 76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12' - 10°35'N, 76°49' - 77°24'E)</p> <p><strong>Temporal Coverage:</strong><br> 1. Begins: 2011-06-01 (Year, Month, Day)<br> 2. Ends: 2013-05-31 (Year, Month, Day)</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong></p> <p>Methods involved repeated surveys along the road routes searching for roadkills and habitat sampling as described in <a href="https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626">Jeganathan et al. (2018),<em> Current Science</em> 114(3): 619-626</a>, DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626</p> <p><strong>Files included:</strong></p> <p>Besides this 00_README.txt file, the dataset includes the following six files as explained below:<br> 1) 01_habitat_length.csv -- details of road routes surveyed as line transects<br> 2) 02_sampling_events.csv -- details of individual line transect sample surveys along road routes<br> 3) 03_roadkill_data_final.csv -- roadkill occurrence data from sample surveys along road routes<br> 4) 04_canopy_and_habitat.csv -- canopy and habitat readings along road routes (transects) surveyed<br> 5) 05_roadkill_transects_all.kml -- KML file containing geographic tracks of 11 road routes surveyed as roadkill transects<br> 6) 06_road_transects_map.jpg -- Map of surveyed routes corresponding to Figure 1 in Jeganathan et al. (2018)</p> <p><strong>01_habitat_length.csv</strong><br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> route_description: description of road route<br> tlength_km: transect length along road in kilometres (km)<br> tlength_m: transect length along road in metres (m)<br> forest: extent of the road in metres (m) with forest on both sides<br> forest_tea: extent of the road in metres (m) with forest on one side, tea on the other<br> coffee_forest: extent of the road in metres (m) with forest on one side, coffee plantation on the other<br> tea: extent of the road in metres (m) with tea plantation on both sides<br> coffee: extent of the road in metres (m) with coffee plantation on both sides<br> eucalyptus: extent of the road in metres (m) with eucalyptus plantation on both sides<br> eucalyptus_tea: extent of the road in metres (m) with eucalyptus on one side, tea plantation on the other</p> <p><strong>02_sampling_events.csv</strong><br> season: monsoon (June to December 2011) or summer (March to June 2012 prior to the onset of 2012 monsoon)<br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> tcode: unique code for each individual survey of a road route (transect) coevered on a specific date<br> eventDate: date of road survey<br> tlength: transect length along road in kilometres (km)</p> <p><strong>03_roadkilldata_final.csv</strong><br> sno: serial number of observation<br> season: monsoon (June to December 2011) or summer (March to June 2012 prior to the onset of 2012 monsoon)<br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> tcode: unique code for each individual survey of a road route (transect) coevered on a specific date<br> eventDate: date of road survey<br> fielddate: date of road survey as initially noted (for two surveys completed over two successive days, the initial date was recorded as eventDate for 2011-06-17 = 2011-06-16 and eventDate for 2011-07-06 = 2011-07-05<br> tlength: transect length along road in kilometres (km)<br> verbatimIdentification: original identification of roadkilled taxon<br> vernacularName: common name of taxon<br> scientificName: scientific name of taxon for corresponding taxonomic level of identification<br> taxonRank: rank of taxon indicating for corresponding taxonomic level of identification<br> taxonRemarks: category of taxon as noted for analysis<br> verbatimCoordinateSystem: coordinate system used for initial data collection<br> verbatimSRS: SRS of the location data collected (EPSG:32643/WGS84)<br> georeferenceRemarks: note indicating locations were converted from UTM (zone 43 N) to latitude longitude using QGIS software<br> verbatimLongitude: UTM longitude (Easting) as originally recorded<br> verbatimLatitude: UTM latitude (Northing) as originally recorded<br> decimalLongitude: longitude in decimal degree East<br> decimalLatitude: latitude in decimal degrees North<br> habitat: habitat on either side of the road (forest - forest on both sides; forest_tea - forest on one side, tea on the other; human - human settlements; coffee - coffee plantation on both sides; coffee_forest - coffee on one side, forest on the other; eucalyptus - eucalyptus plantation on both sides; eucalyptus_tea - eucalyptus on one side, tea on the other; tea - tea plantation)<br> individualCount: number of individuals recorded as roadkill (0 if no roadkills in that survey)<br> occurrenceStatus: indicated as 'present' for roadkills, or 'absent' if no roadkills recorded<br> occurrenceRemarks: notes and remarks if any</p> <p><strong>04_canopy_and_habitat.csv</strong><br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> verbatimroute: route name as originally noted<br> sno: serial number<br> canopycover: 0 if tree canopy absent, 1 if tree canopy present above point of observation<br> canopyoverlap: horizontal overlap of tree canopy above point of observation ranked as 0 - no canopy above; 1 canopy present but barely touching or overrlapping; 2 - canopy overlapping with sky still visible through leaves; 3 - canopy overlaps overhead densely with sky scarcely visible<br> verticaloverlap: vertical gap between canopy or branches of trees above point of observation ranked as 0 - very wide; 1 - barely touching, 2 - significant vertical overlap, 3 - substantial and dense vertical overlap<br> habcode: two letter alphabetical code with each letter indicating habitat on one side of the road at the point of observation with f - forest, t - tea, c - coffee, e - eucalyptus, v - village or human habitation, m - dam or reservoir<br> habno: numeric category for habitat on either side coded as 1 for monocultures (ee, tt); 2 for mixed forest and plantation (ef, ft, etc.); 3 for forest (ff), and 4 for coffee plantation (cc)<br> longitude: longitude in decimal degrees east<br> latitude: latitude in decimal degrees north</p> <p><strong>05_roadkill_transects_all.kml</strong><br> This KML file contains all 11 road routes surveyed as roadkill transects.</p> <p><strong>06_road_transects_map.jpg</strong><br> This map illustrating the surveyed road routes corresponds to Figure 1 in <a href="https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626">Jeganathan et al. (2018), <em>Current Science</em> 114(3): 619-626</a>, DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626</p>
Mammal occurrence records (2024) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India
<p>This dataset contains Mammal occurrence records (November 2023 - October 2024) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India. It includes a few occurrence records from other parts of southern India. Occurrence records were gathered in the field by researchers of the Nature Conservation Foundation, India, using a mobile data collection application (EpiCollect5). Suggested citation is:<br>Nature Conservation Foundation (2024). Mammal occurrence records (2024) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India. Nature Conservation Foundation, India. Dataset, Zenodo. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13910696<br> <br><strong>CONTACT #1</strong><br>1. Name: T. R. Shankar Raman <br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: trsr@ncf-india.org <br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3953</p> <p><strong>CONTACT #2</strong><br>1. Name: Divya Mudappa <br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: divya@ncf-india.org <br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-4826</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>tropical rainforest, plantations, Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, animal distribution, mammals </p> <p><br><strong>Geographic Coverage:</strong><br>1. Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India<br>2. GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (10°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52' - 76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12' - 10°35'N, 76°49' - 77°24'E)</p> <p><strong>Temporal Coverage:</strong><br>1. Begins: 2023-11-01 (Year, Month, Day)<br>2. Ends: 2024-10-01 (Year, Month, Day)</p> <p>Besides the 00_readMe.txt file containing this information, the dataset includes 23 images (photographs) and two comma-delimited text (csv) files as explained below:<br><strong>1) 01_anamalai-mammals-2024.csv </strong>-- This file has the main mammal occurrence data with relevant and renamed columns derived from the original downloaded csv file from the EpiCollect5 application website.</p> <p><strong>2) 02_nameMatch.csv</strong> -- This file matches the vernacular name as originally recorded with the correct common name and scientific name</p> <p>+23 image files (with ".jpg" file extension)</p> <p><strong>FILES INCLUDED IN DATASET</strong></p> <p><strong>01_anamalai-mammals-2024.csv</strong><br>This file has the main mammal occurrence data with relevant and renamed columns derived from the original downloaded csv file from the EpiCollect5 application website.<br>ec5_uuid: Unique ID for each observation<br>created_at: Automatic time stamp of date and time when record was created on the mobile app<br>uploaded_at: Automatic time stamp of date and time when record was uploaded using the mobile app<br>recordedBy: Name of observer<br>title: Title assigned to each record (composite of date, species, and type of observation)<br>lat_gps: Latitude in decimal degrees N<br>long_gps: Longitude in decimal degrees E<br>accuracy_gps: Horizontal accuracy of GPS location in metres<br>UTM_Northing_gps: Latitude in UTM<br>UTM_Easting_gps: Longitude in UTM<br>UTM_Zone_gps: UTM Zone<br>eventDate: Date in ISO format (yyyy-mm-dd)<br>verbatimEventDate: Date in format originally recorded (dd/mm/yyyy)<br>eventTime: Time of observation<br>vernacularName: Species common name as initially recorded<br>individualCount: Number of individuals observed<br>occurrenceRemarks: type of observation<br>habitat: Habitat type<br>photo: Filename of photo if available (NA otherwise)<br>eventRemarks: Notes or remarks about the observation</p> <p><strong>02_nameMatch.csv</strong><br>This file matches the name as originally recorded with the correct common name and scientific name.<br>vernacularName: Common or English name as initially recorded <br>scientificName: Scientific name of the species</p> <p>+23 image files (.jpg extension)</p>
Data from: A new population record of Critically Endangered Dipterocarpus bourdillonii Brandis from the Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu
<p><strong>This dataset is based on the following manuscript/publication:</strong><br> Page, N., S. Kasinathan, K. Bhat, G. Moorthi, T. Sundarraj, Divya Mudappa, and T. R. S. Raman (2022). A new population record of Critically Endangered <em>Dipterocarpus bourdillonii</em> Brandis from the Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu. <em>Journal of Threatened Taxa</em> 14(8): 21651–21659. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.7860.14.8.21651-21659</p> <p>Please refer to the README.txt file included with the dataset for complete details and usage notes.</p> <p><strong>Geographic Coverage:</strong><br> Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India<br> GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (0°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52'-76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12'-10°35'N, 76°49'-77°24'E)</p> <p><strong>Temporal Coverage:</strong><br> Begins: 2020-10-01 (Year, Month, Day)<br> Ends: 2022-05-31 (Year, Month, Day)</p> <p><strong>Funding:</strong><br> Fondation Franklinia<br> AMM Murugappa Chettiar Research Centre<br> Rohini Nilekani Philanthropies</p> <p><strong>Dataset:</strong></p> <p>The dataset includes 7 files: 1 text file (<strong>README.txt</strong>), 5 data files in comma-delimited format (CSV), and 1 KML file of seven survey routes. Details of content of each CSV data file are provided below. The following files are included:<br> <strong>README.txt:</strong> Usage notes and metadata related to the dataset<br> <strong>1_Surveys_ver2.csv:</strong> Details of trails covered where Dipterocarpus bourdillonii was recorded during the survey<br> <strong>2_Focal_tree_data_ver2.csv:</strong> Details of focal trees of Dipterocarpus bourdillonii<br> <strong>3_Tree_centred_PCQ_ver2.csv: </strong>Data from point-centred quarter (PCQ) plots sampled with focal trees at the centre<br> <strong>4_Plant_checklist_ver2.csv:</strong> Checklist of plants (mainly trees) recorded on survey trails<br> <strong>5_Seed_fruit_ver2.csv:</strong> Measurements of fruits and seeds of Dipterocarpus bourdillonii<br> <strong>06_Dipterocarpus_bourdillonii_survey_trails.kml:</strong> This file includes the GPS tracks of the seven survey trails in KML format.</p> <p>Details and data available in the columns in each of the above CSV files and the KML file are explained below.</p> <p><strong>1_Surveys_ver2.csv</strong><br> Column: Description<br> Date: Date on which the survey was done<br> Place: Name of the place where the focal tree is located. e.g., Candura, Manamboli, Iyerpadi etc<br> Route_description:Description of place or route covered<br> Trail: Name of the tree survey trail<br> Trail_distance: Distance covered on the trail in kilometres (km)<br> Track_filename_kml: Name of the file with GPS track of survey trail/route, where available, in KML format<br> Observers: Names of observers who took measurements and filled datasheet during survey<br> Remarks: Notes and additional information</p> <p><strong>2_Focal_tree_data_ver2.csv</strong><br> Column: Description<br> FT_ID: Unique numeric linking ID of each focal tree (NA for 3 individuals found in plots around other focal trees)<br> Species: Focal tree species<br> Date: Date on which the survey was done<br> Place: Name of forest range (Manamboli)<br> Waypoint: Unique location waypoint number for the focal tree and GPS instrument used<br> Time: Time when the focal tree's data was collected<br> Location: Landmark where the focal tree is located (NA, if not available)<br> Latitude: Latitude of the focal tree (decimal degrees N)<br> Longitude: Longitude of the focal tree (decimal degrees E)<br> Elevation: Elevation of the focal tree from sea-level in metres<br> Slope: Slope at focal tree location assessed with Clinometer, categorised as Flat, Gentle, Moderate, or Steep (NA, if not available)<br> ID_Notes: Any obvious signs with which to identify focal tree (NA, if not available)<br> Phenophase: Phenophase of the focal tree viz. leaf flush, buds/flowers, fruits (NA, if not available)<br> GBH: Girth of the focal tree in cm, at 1.3m from ground; measured from the higher side if tree is on slope<br> Tree_ht: Focal tree's height in m (NA, if not available)<br> Canopy_ht: Height of canopy in m where the focal tree is located (NA, if not available)<br> Substrate: Substrate where focal tree is standing viz. Earth, Rock, Streamside, Other (NA, if not available)<br> Invasives: List of invasive plant species present within 5 m radius around the focal tree (NA, if not available)<br> Stature: Stature of the focal tree relative to its surroundings (NOT of the species in general) categorised as Understorey, Mid, Canopy, Emergent (NA, if not available)<br> Relatively: Relative height of focal tree in relation to other trees within 10 m radius categorised as Shorter than most, Taller than most, Same height as most (NA, if not available)<br> Deadwood: Estimated percentage of deadwood present on the tree in 4 classes of <25%, 26-50%, 51-75%, 76-100% (NA, if not available)<br> Damage: Observed damages such as Main trunk broken, Branches broken, Hollow at base, Gaping cavity, Infected, Dried leaves (as on a dead branch) (NA, if not available)<br> Shape: Canopy shape of the focal tree (not species in general) categorised as Spreading, Oval, Fan, Column, Cone (NA, if not available)<br> Closure: Canopy closure due to foliage visually estimated standing next to trunk of focal tree and looking up, categorised as 0% (only sky and leafless branches visible), 1-25%, 26-50%, 51-75%, 76-100% (NA, if not available)<br> Seedlings: Count of conspecific seedlings (stems of girth at breast height <10 cm) around the focal tree in a 5 m radius (NA, if not available)<br> Saplings: Count of conspecific saplings (stems of girth at breast height 10-30 cm) around the focal tree in a 5 m radius (NA, if not available)<br> Trees: Count of conspecific trees (stems of girth at breast height >30 cm) around the focal tree in a 5 m radius (NA, if not available)<br> Remarks: Notes and additional information (NA, if not available)</p> <p><strong>3_Tree_centred_PCQ_ver2.csv</strong><br> Column: Description<br> FT_ID: Unique numeric linking ID of each focal tree in point-centred quarter (PCQ) plot<br> Focal_tree: Scientific name of focal tree species at the centre of the PCQ plot<br> Species: Scientific name of tree species recorded in PCQ plot around focal tree<br> GBH (cm): Girth of PCQ tree in cm, at 1.3 m from ground; measured from the higher side if tree is on a slope. Main stem only.<br> Distance: Distance from focal tree, in m; measured from the approximate centre of bole to centre of bole and not bark to bark<br> Multistem: NA if single-stemmed; if multi-stemmed, then GBH of additional stems given as notes.</p> <p><strong>4_Plant_checklist_ver2.csv</strong><br> Column: Description<br> Date: Date on which the survey was done<br> Place: Name of the place where the focal tree is located. e.g., Candura, Manamboli, Iyerpadi etc<br> Route: Route of the tree survey trail<br> Checklist_species: Scientific name of tree species observed as present along trail and within 10 m on either side<br> Remarks: Notes and additional information</p> <p><strong>5_Seed_Fruit_ver2.csv</strong><br> Column: Description<br> Sample: Serial number of sample of single winged fruit measured<br> Species: Scientific name of tree species<br> No_Seeds: Unit number of seed measured<br> Fresh_fruit_weight_g: Weight of each fruit measured on an Ohaus scale in grams<br> Nut_length_cm: Length of nut along the longitudinal axis in cm<br> Nut_width_1_cm: Width of nut in cm measured along axis perpendicular to nut length<br> Nut_width_2_cm: Width of nut in cm measured along axis perpendicular to nut length and nut width 1<br> Wing1_length_cm: Length of longer wing (sepal) in cm<br> Wing1_width_cm: Width of longer wing (sepal) in cm<br> Wing2_length_cm: Length of shorter wing (sepal) in cm<br> Wing2_width_cm: Width of shorter wing (sepal) in cm</p> <p><strong>06_Dipterocarpus_bourdillonii_survey_trails.kml</strong><br> This file includes the GPS tracks of the following seven trails in KML format:<br> 2021-01-30_Anali-Ayyankulam-Manamboli (Trail-2)<br> 2021-03-26_Ayyankulam (Trail-4)<br> 2021-04-10_Ayyankulam Parai (Trail-5)<br> 2022-03-07_Ayyankulam Parai to Ayyankulam_leftbank (Trail-8)<br> 2022-03-07_Ayyankulam Parai to Ayyankulam_rightbank (Trail-9)<br> 2022-03-09_Manamboli PH_leftbank (Trail-10)<br> 2022-03-09_Manamboli PH_rightbank (Trail-11)</p>
Mammal occurrence records (2015-18) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India
<p>This dataset contains Mammal occurrence records (2015-18) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India. It includes a few occurrence records of other chordates. Occurrence records were gathered in the field by researchers of the Nature Conservation Foundation, India, using a mobile data collection application. Suggested citation is:<br> Nature Conservation Foundation (2022). Mammal occurrence records (2015-18) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India. Nature Conservation Foundation, India. Dataset, Zenodo. DOI:<br> <br> CONTACT #1<br> 1. Name: T. R. Shankar Raman<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: trsr@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3953</p> <p>CONTACT #2<br> 1. Name: Divya Mudappa<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: divya@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-4826</p> <p>Keywords: tropical rainforest, plantations, Anamalai Hills, animal distribution, </p> <p>Geographic Coverage:<br> 1. Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India<br> 2. GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (10°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52' - 76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12' - 10°35'N, 76°49' - 77°24'E)</p> <p>Temporal Coverage:<br> 1. Begins: 2015-01-01 (Year, Month, Day)<br> 2. Ends: 2018-10-31 (Year, Month, Day)</p> <p>Besides this 000_README.txt file, the dataset includes 326 images (photographs) and three comma-delimited text (csv) files as explained below:</p> <ol> <li>001_valparai_mammals.csv -- raw data file from the mobile app (columns are self-explanatory)</li> <li>002_valparai_mammals.csv -- raw data file of linked images from the mobile app (columns are self-explanatory)</li> <li>003_mammal_occurrence_zenodo_2015-18.csv -- curated and compiled dataset with the following columns:</li> </ol> <ul> <li>observation_id: unique id given to a record (corresponds to fulcrum_id in raw data set) observation</li> <li>latitude: latitude in decimal degrees N (WGS 84 datum)</li> <li>longitude: longitude in decimal degrees E (WGS 84 datum)</li> <li>date_: date of observation</li> <li>time: time of observation</li> <li>place: locality name</li> <li>type_of_observation: type of observation indicating whether it was sighting, sign (based on Vocalisation/call, track/pugmark, scat/dung), death, electrocution, roadkill</li> <li>notes: general notes and remarks including number of individuals where available</li> <li>photo: reference id of corresponding photograph (as in the jpg filename)</li> <li>gps_altitude: altitude in metres estimated by the phone GPS</li> <li>gps_horizontal_accuracy: horizontal accuracy in metres estimated by the phone GPS (set at 500 m in a few cases where GPS location was assigned based on locality name)</li> <li>verbatimIdentification: taxon name as noted originally</li> <li>scientificName: scientific name (or Family in a few cases)</li> <li>vernacularName: common or English name</li> <li>recordedBy: names of observers (separated by | )</li> <li>georeferenceRemarks: remarks on georeference</li> <li>occurrenceID: unique occurrence ID assigned to each taxon (recorded under an observation_id)</li> </ul>
Mammal occurrence records (2020-23) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India
<p>This dataset contains Mammal occurrence records (January 2020 - June 2023) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India. It includes a few occurrence records of reptiles. Occurrence records were gathered in the field by researchers of the Nature Conservation Foundation, India, using a mobile data collection application. Suggested citation is:<br>Nature Conservation Foundation (2024). Mammal occurrence records (2020-23) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India. Nature Conservation Foundation, India. Dataset, Zenodo. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11903722<br> <br><strong>CONTACT #1</strong><br>1. Name: T. R. Shankar Raman <br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: trsr@ncf-india.org <br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3953</p> <p><strong>CONTACT #2</strong><br>1. Name: Divya Mudappa <br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: divya@ncf-india.org <br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-4826</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> tropical rainforest, plantations, Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, animal distribution, mammals </p> <p><strong>Geographic Coverage:</strong><br>1. Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India<br>2. GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (10°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52' - 76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12' - 10°35'N, 76°49' - 77°24'E)</p> <p><strong>Temporal Coverage:</strong><br>1. Begins: 2020-01-11 (Year, Month, Day)<br>2. Ends: 2023-06-02 (Year, Month, Day)</p> <p>Besides the 000_readMe.txt file containing this information, the dataset includes 60 images (photographs), three comma-delimited text (csv) files, and one R markdown text file with R code as explained below:<br>1) 001_mammalData.csv -- This file has the main mammal occurrence data with relevant and renamed columns derived from the original downloaded Excel worksheet file</p> <p>2) 002_placeLocs.csv -- This file lists names places for which the GPS location was unavailable from the mobile phone application, and was manually assigned to coordinates with 500 m accuracy</p> <p>3) 003_nameMatch.csv -- This file matches the name as originally recorded with the correct common name and scientific name</p> <p>4) 004_mammup.Rmd -- R code for processing the files to create a file for upload as an occurrence dataset on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF.org)</p> <p>+60 image files (with ".jpg" file extension)</p> <p><strong>FILES INCLUDED IN DATASET</strong></p> <p><strong>001_mammdata.csv</strong><br>This file has the main mammal occurrence data with relevant and renamed columns derived from the original downloaded Excel worksheet file <br>recordedBy: Observer who recorded/made the observation<br>username: Username of person on whose mobile phone the data were noted<br>timestamp: Automatic time stamp of date and time when app was used<br>date: Date of observation<br>time: Time of observation<br>decimalLatitude: Latitude in decimal degrees N<br>decimalLongitude: Longitude in decimal degrees E<br>GPSaltitude: Altitude in metres<br>GPSaccuracy: Horizontal accuracy of GPS location in metres<br>place: Name of locality<br>habitat: Habitat type<br>species: Species common name<br>count: Number of individuals observed<br>countType: Total (solitary or fully counted groups) or Partial (incompletely counted groups)<br>obsType: Type of observation: sighting, sign (droppings or vocalisation), death, roadkill, electrocution, other<br>notes: Notes or remarks on observation<br>imageID: Image filename if available (NA, if not available)<br>instanceID: Automatically generated unique identifier of observation</p> <p><strong>002_placeLocs.csv</strong><br>This file lists names places for which the GPS location was unavailable from the mobile phone application, and was manually assigned to coordinates with 500 m accuracy<br>place: Name of locality as recorded<br>lat: Assigned latitude in decimal degrees N<br>long: Assigned longitude in decimal degrees E<br>GPSaccuracy: Assigned as 500 m – Horizontal accuracy of GPS location in metres</p> <p><strong>003_nameMatch.csv</strong><br>This file matches the name as originally recorded with the correct common name and scientific name.<br>verbatimIdentification: Identification as originally recorded in the ‘species’ column of the mammdata.csv file<br>vernacularName: Common or engish name<br>scientificName: Scientific name</p> <p><strong>004_mammup.Rmd</strong><br>R code for processing the files to create a file for upload as an occurrence dataset on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF.org)</p>
Data from: Prey abundance and leopard diet in a plantation and rainforest landscape, Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats
<p>Leopards use a wide range of habitats from natural forests to plantations in human-dominated landscapes. Within interface areas, understanding leopard ecology and diet can help in conservation management and conflict avoidance. In a fragmented rainforest and plantation landscape in southern India, we examined diet of large carnivores (with a focus on leopards) using scat analysis with DNA-based identification of predator species, and estimated relative abundance of prey species in different land uses through transect surveys. Large carnivores predominantly consumed wild prey species (98.1%) and domestic prey species contributed <2% to overall prey biomass. For leopards, four wild prey species (Indian muntjac, Indian spotted chevrotain, sambar and Indian porcupine) contributed 95.1% of prey biomass, with the rest being minor wild prey species (no livestock in identified scats). Wild prey species occurred across the landscape but varied in relative abundance by land-use type, with forest fragments supporting higher abundance of many species relative to tea and coffee plantations. As large carnivores mainly depend on wild prey and rainforest fragments act as refuges for these mammals within the tea and coffee plantations, it is important to continue to retain or restore these forest fragments.</p> <p>This dataset contains abundance data on mammals (large carnivores and their prey species), using direct and indirect sign surveys along line and belt transects, respectively, as well as data on remains of prey species in large carnivore scats. This dataset is part of a study (published paper under Related works) on leopard ecology in a landscape containing commercial plantations of tea and coffee, and rainforest fragments and protected area. These data were collected between 2008 and 2010 in Valparai plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve in the Western Ghats, India. The dataset contains following files:</p> <p>1) Transect_details.csv<br> 2) Transect_repeats.csv<br> 3) Mammals_Direct_signs.csv<br> 4) Mammals_Indirect_signs.csv<br> 5) Large_carnivores_Indirect_signs.csv<br> 6) Large_carnivore_Diet.csv</p> <p>More details regarding the above files can be found in ReadMe_Data_ColumnNames.txt.</p> <p><strong>Update, version 2</strong>: Data were updated on 4 May 2020. There was an error in the following file: Large_carnivore_Diet.csv. This file has been corrected and replaced in this update. All other files are correct and therefore not replaced.</p>
Data from: Prey abundance and leopard diet in a plantation and rainforest landscape, Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats
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Seed fates of four rainforest tree species in the fragmented forests of Anamalais in the southern Western Ghats, India
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