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11 results for “Anemonia viridis”
Horizontal acquisition of Symbiodiniaceae in the Anemonia viridis genetic data
<p>All metazoans are in fact holobionts, resulting from the association of several organisms, and organismal adaptation is then due to the composite response of this association to the environment. Deciphering the mechanisms of symbiont acquisition in a holobiont is therefore essential to understanding the extent of its adaptive capacities. In cnidarians, some species acquire their photosynthetic symbionts directly from their parents (vertical transmission) but may also acquire symbionts from the environment (horizontal acquisition) at the adult stage. The Mediterranean snakelocks sea anemone, <i>Anemonia viridis </i>(Forskål, 1775), passes down symbionts from one generation to the next by vertical transmission, but the capacity for such horizontal acquisition is still unexplored. To unravel the flexibility of the association between the different host lineages identified in <i>A. viridis </i>and its Symbiodiniaceae, we genotyped both the animal hosts and their symbiont communities in members of host clones in five different locations in the North Western Mediterranean Sea. The composition of within-host symbiont populations was more dependent on the geographical origin of the hosts than their membership to a given lineage or even to a given clone. Additionally, similarities in host symbiont communities were greater among genets (<i>i.e.</i> among different clones) than among ramets (<i>i.e. </i>among members of the same given clonal genotype). Taken together, our results demonstrate that <i>A. viridis</i> may form associations with a range of symbiotic dinoflagellates and suggest a capacity for horizontal acquisition. A mixed-mode transmission strategy in <i>A. viridis</i>, as we posit here, may help explain the large phenotypic plasticity that characterises this anemone.</p>
Fig. 5 in Phenology of Anemonia viridis and Exaiptasia diaphana (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from marine temperate ecosystems Abstract
Fig. 5: Scheme summarizing the life history traits of Anemonia viridis and Exaiptasia diaphana. Quadrants of the circle correspond to quarters; each quadrants shows phases of expansion (January-March and July-September) and regression (October-December and April-May) together with traits of the reproductive cycle (settlement, fission, gonad maturation, spawning etc.) and sea temperature ranges.
Fig. 3 in Phenology of Anemonia viridis and Exaiptasia diaphana (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from marine temperate ecosystems Abstract
Fig. 3: Sex ratio of Anemonia viridis (A) and Exaiptasia diaphana (B) throughout the period July 2013-July 2014 with relative percentages of male, female and infertile individuals.
Fig. 2 in Phenology of Anemonia viridis and Exaiptasia diaphana (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from marine temperate ecosystems Abstract
Fig. 2: Temporal variations in abundance of Anemonia viridis (A) and Exaiptasia diaphana (B) expressed as cover percentage in relation to monthly fluctuations of surface water temperature (°C), irradiance (W/m2) and wave heights (m).
Fig. 1 in Phenology of Anemonia viridis and Exaiptasia diaphana (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from marine temperate ecosystems Abstract
Fig. 1: Sampling area (Passetto, red frame) at Conero Promontory (Italy, Adriatic Sea). Anemonia viridis and Exaiptasia diaphana were collected from July 2013 to June 2014 at Site A (43.618639° N, 13.532489° W) and Site B (43.618069° N, 13.533586° W), respectively. QGIS elaboration (QGIS Development Team 2017).
Horizontal acquisition of Symbiodiniaceae in the Anemonia viridis genetic data
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Data from: The many faced symbiotic snakelocks anemone (Anemonia viridis, Anthozoa): host and symbiont genetic differentiation among colour morphs
How can we explain morphological variations in a holobiont? The genetic determinism of phenotypes is not always obvious and could be circumstantial in complex organisms. In symbiotic cnidarians, it is known that morphology or colour can misrepresent a complex genetic and symbiotic diversity. Anemonia viridis is a symbiotic sea anemone from temperate seas. This species displays different colour morphs based on pigment content and lives in a wide geographical range. Here, we investigated whether colour morph differentiation correlated with host genetic diversity or associated symbiotic genetic diversity by using RAD-sequencing and symbiotic dinoflagellate typing of 140 sea anemones from the English Channel and the Mediterranean Sea. We did not observe genetic differentiation among colour morphs of A. viridis at the animal host or symbiont level, rejecting the hypothesis that A. viridis colour morphs correspond to species level differences. Interestingly, we however identified at least four independent animal host genetic lineages in A. viridis that differed in their associated symbiont populations. In conclusion, although the functional role of the different morphotypes of A. viridis remains to be determined, our approach provides new insights on the existence of cryptic species within A. viridis.
Data from: The many faced symbiotic snakelocks anemone (Anemonia viridis, Anthozoa): host and symbiont genetic differentiation among colour morphs
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Fig. 4 in Phenology of Anemonia viridis and Exaiptasia diaphana (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from marine temperate ecosystems Abstract
Fig. 4: Reproductive biology of Anemonia viridis (A-C) and Exaiptasia diaphana (D-F). The histograms show variations in number of female (A, D) and male (C, F) gonads and number of oocytes per gonad (B, E) in each species throughout the period July 2013- July 2014.
Symbiosis in Anemonia viridis sea anemones
GEO Series GSE22375. Anemonia viridis. 18 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Transcriptomic adaptations to symbiotic life in cnidarians: symbiotic vs bleached Anemonia viridis sea anemones
GEO Series GSE22360. Anemonia viridis. 10 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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