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15 results for “Animal migration”
Data from: Estimation in the multinomial reencounter model - Where do migrating animals go and how do they survive in their destination area?
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Spatial variation in survival has individual fitness consequences and influences population dynamics. Which space animals use during the annual cycle determines how they are affected by this spatial variability. Therefore, knowing spatial patterns of survival and space use is crucial to understand demography of migrating animals. Extracting information on survival and space use from observation data, in particular dead recovery data, requires explicitly identifying the observation process. We build a fully stochastic model for animals marked in populations of origin, which were found dead in spatially discrete destination areas. It acts on the population level and includes parameters for use of space, survival and recovery probability. The model is based on the division coefficient and the multinomial reencounter model. We use a likelihood-based approach, derive Restricted Maximum Likelihood-like estimates for all parameters and prove their existence and uniqueness. In a simulation study we demonstrate the performance of the model by using Bayesian estimators derived by the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. We obtain unbiased estimates for survival and recovery probability if the sample size is large enough. Moreover, we apply the model to real-world data of European robins <em>Erithacus rubecula</em> ringed at a stopover site. We obtain annual survival estimates for different spatially discrete non-breeding areas. Additionally, we can reproduce already known patterns of use of space for this species. We would like to thank the Greifswalder Oie Bird Observatory of the Verein Jordsand, Ahrensburg, and the Hiddensee Bird Ringing Centre, Güstrow, for providing the robin data.</p>
Explaining and predicting animal migration under global change
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Many migratory species are declining due to global environmental change. Yet, their complex annual cycles make unravelling the impacts of potential drivers such as climate and land-use change on migrations a major challenge. Identifying where, when, and how threatening processes impact species' migratory journeys and population dynamics is crucial for identifying effective conservation actions. Here, we describe how a new migration modelling framework – Spatially-explicit Adaptive Migration Models (SAMMs) – can simulate the optimal behavioural decisions required to migrate across open land- or seascapes varying in character over space and time, without requiring predefined behavioural rules. Models of adaptive behaviour have been used widely in theoretical ecology but have great untapped potential in real-world contexts. Applying adaptive behaviour models across open environments will allow users to explore flexibility in how migratory strategies respond to environmental change and the consequences of migrants not being able to adapt to change. We outline how SAMMs can be used to model migratory journeys through aerial, terrestrial, and aquatic environments, demonstrating their potential using a case study on the common cuckoo (<em><span>Cuculus canorus</span></em>) and comparing modelled to observed behaviours. SAMMs offer a tool to identify the key threats faced by migratory species and to predict how they will adapt future migratory journeys in response to changing environmental conditions.</span></p>
Explaining and predicting animal migration under global change
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Migration statistics and animal biometrics for mule deer that migrated long-distances (2011–2020), Wyoming, USA
<p>Billions of animals migrate to track seasonal pulses in resources. Optimally timing migration is a key strategy, yet the ability of animals to compensate for phenological mismatches en route is largely unknown. We studied a population of mule deer (<em>Odocoileus hemionus</em>) in Wyoming that lack reliable cues on their desert winter range, causing them to start migration 70 days ahead to 52 days behind the wave of spring green-up. By adjusting movement speed and stopover use, however, individual deer arrive at the summer range within an average 6-day window. Late migrants move 2.5 times faster and spend 72% less time on stopovers than early migrants, which allows them to catch the green wave. Ungulates, and potentially other migratory species, possess cognitive abilities to recognize where they are in space and time relative to key resources. Such behavioral capacity may allow migratory taxa to maintain foraging benefits amid rapidly changing phenology.</p>
Merging computational fluid dynamics and machine learning to reveal animal migration strategies
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Migration statistics and animal biometrics for mule deer that migrated long-distances (2011–2020), Wyoming, USA
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Low mass planet migration in three dimensional wind-driven inviscid discs: A negative corotation torque - Animations
<p>Animations accompanying the paper "Low mass planet migration in three dimensional wind-driven inviscid discs: A negative corotation torque". Each file corresponds to a panel of Figures 3 and 4. All videos are at a frame rate 10 frames per second with one orbit per frame. Note these animations use a fixed colour scale, while the figures in the paper use colour scales tuned for the panels shown. The prefix of the filenames matches the title for the corresponding sub-panel of the figures in the paper, and the model code given in Table 1 of the paper which describes the details of each model.</p> <p>The video files correspond to the sub-panels of the figures in the paper as given below:</p> <p><strong>Figure 3</strong></p> <ul> <li>2AMS_logV_10fps.mp4 </li> <li>2AMD_logV_10fps.mp4 </li> <li>2AFS_logV_10fps.mp4 </li> </ul> <p><strong>Figure 4</strong></p> <ul> <li>3AMS_logV_10fps.mp4</li> <li>3WMS_logV_10fps.mp4</li> <li>3AFS_logV_10fps.mp4</li> </ul>
"Chancing on a spectacle:" co-occurring animal migrations and interspecific interactions
Migrations of diverse wildlife species often converge in space and time, with their journeys shaped by similar forces (i.e., geographic barriers and seasonal resources and conditions); we term this "co-migration." Supporting this, recent studies have elucidated co-migrations and seasonal patterns that govern the location and timing of multiple species' journeys. Beyond their significance as natural wonders, species with overlapping migrations may interact ecologically, with potential effects on population and community dynamics. Direct and indirect ecological interactions including predation and competition between migrant species remain poorly understood, in part because migration is the least-studied phase of animals' annual cycles. To address this gap, we conducted a literature review to examine whether animal migration studies incorporate multiple species and to what extent they investigate interspecific interactions between co-migrants. Following a key word search, we read all migration research papers in 23 relevant peer-reviewed journals during 2008-2017. Thirty percent of animal migration papers reported two or more species with coinciding migrations, suggesting that co-migrations are common, although few studies investigated or discussed these mixed-species migrations further. Synthesizing those that did explore this phenomenon, we present examples and describe five types of ecological interactions between migrating species, including predator-prey, host-parasite, and commensal relationships. Deepening ecological knowledge of interspecific interactions among migratory animal communities will enhance understanding of the drivers of migration and could improve predictions about wildlife responses to global change. Further research focused on multi-species migrations could also inform conservation efforts for migratory animal populations, many of which are declining or shifting, with unexplored consequences for other co-migratory species.
Evolution and stability of social learning in animal migration - Figure genation
<p>Code and Data to generate figures in article "Evolution and stability of social learning in animal migration" (n.d.)</p> <p> </p> <p>Run Article_Figures.m to generate all plots. See README for details.</p>
“Chancing on a spectacle:” co-occurring animal migrations and interspecific interactions
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Data from: Animal tracking meets migration genomics: transcriptomic analysis of a partially migratory bird species
Seasonal migration is a widespread phenomenon, which is found in many different lineages of animals. This spectacular behaviour allows animals to avoid seasonally adverse environmental conditions to exploit more favourable habitats. Migration has been intensively studied in birds, which display astonishing variation in migration strategies, thus providing a powerful system for studying the ecological and evolutionary processes that shape migratory behaviour. Despite intensive research, the genetic basis of migration remains largely unknown. Here we used state-of-the-art radio-tracking technology to characterize the migratory behaviour of a partially migratory population of European blackbirds (Turdus merula) in southern Germany. We compared gene expression of resident and migrant individuals using high-throughput transcriptomics in blood samples. Analyses of sequence variation revealed a non-significant genetic structure between blackbirds differing by their migratory phenotype. We detected only four differentially expressed genes between migrants and residents, which might be associated with hyperphagia, moulting, and enhanced DNA replication and transcription. The most pronounced changes in gene expression occurred between migratory birds depending on when, in relation to their date of departure, blood was collected. Overall, the differentially expressed genes detected in this analysis may play crucial roles in determining the decision to migrate, or in controlling the physiological processes required for the onset of migration. These results provide new insights into, and testable hypotheses for, the molecular mechanisms controlling the migratory phenotype and its underlying physiological mechanisms in blackbirds and other migratory bird species.
Data from: Is ungulate migration culturally transmitted? Evidence of social learning from translocated animals
Ungulate migrations are assumed to stem from learning and cultural transmission of information regarding seasonal distribution of forage, but this hypothesis has not been tested empirically. We compared the migratory propensities of bighorn sheep and moose translocated into novel habitats with those of historical populations that had persisted for hundreds of years. Whereas individuals from historical populations were largely migratory, translocated individuals initially were not. After multiple decades, however, translocated populations gained knowledge about surfing green waves of forage (tracking plant phenology) and increased their propensity to migrate. Our findings indicate that learning and cultural transmission are the primary mechanisms by which ungulate migrations evolve. Loss of migration will therefore expunge generations of knowledge about the locations of high-quality forage and likely suppress population abundance.
Data from: Is ungulate migration culturally transmitted? Evidence of social learning from translocated animals
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Data from: Animal tracking meets migration genomics: transcriptomic analysis of a partially migratory bird species
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Size matters in quantitative radar monitoring of animal migration: estimating monitored volume from wingbeat frequency
<p>Echoes used for the publication entitiled "Size matters in quantitative radar monitoring of animal migration: estimating monitored volume from wingbeat frequency" submitted to Ecography for the ENRAM special issue.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.