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26 results for “Anopla”
Figure 3. Tubulanus riceae n in Tubulanus riceae new species (Nemertea: Anopla: Palaeonemertea: Tubulanidae), from South Florida, Belize and Panama
Figure 3. Tubulanus riceae n. sp. Approximately sagittal sections. Scale bar5100 mm. (A) Precerebral region of head. (B) Cerebral and post-cerebral region of head, contiguous from A. (C) Anterior of fixation band region (to right of vertical line). (D) Mid-point transition of fixation band, at third annulus (anterior is to left and posterior is to right of vertical line). Abbreviations: an, pigment annulus; dc, dorsal commissure; fg, foregut; fo, frontal organ; m, mouth opening; mc, basal mucoid cell bodies of pseudostratified epidermis; ne, nerve; pb, proboscis; pi, proboscis insertion; py, pylorus; rd, rhynchodeum; rdg, rhynchodeal glandular epithelium; rh, rhynchocoel; rp, rhynchopore; vg, ventral cerebral ganglion.
Figure 2. Tubulanus riceae n in Tubulanus riceae new species (Nemertea: Anopla: Palaeonemertea: Tubulanidae), from South Florida, Belize and Panama
Figure 2. Tubulanus riceae n. sp. transverse sections, except A, C, D, N. Scale bar lengths in parentheses. (A) Fixed anterior third of specimen; bracket denotes post-fixation staining band (1 mm). (B) Body wall; epidermis with variety of glandular cells (15 mm). (C) Sagittal section showing transverse musculature (star) passing between the epidermal mucus cells and the rhynchodeal glandular cells (rdg) (6 mm). (D) Sagittal section showing oblique (diagonal) musculature (oval) (6 mm). (E) Ventral ganglia (star) and ventral commissure (arrowhead) (12 mm). (F) Middle region of the cerebral sensory organ (star) (12 mm). (G) Putative ocellar pigment (oval) (12 mm). (H) Middle of lateral sensory organ (star), lateral blood vessel (lbv), lateral nerve cord (lnc) and inner circular muscle passing under foregut (arrow) (12 mm). (I) Testes (star) with mature sperm (12 mm). (J) Ovary with single maturing oocyte (14 mm). (K) Anterior of cephalic region, apical organ (oval) and epidermal brown pigment (star). (L) Anterior-most region of proboscis, proboscis nerves (star), subdorsal nerve (sd) and rhynchodeal nerve (circled) (6 mm). (M) SEM of surface of everted proboscis (5 mm). (N) Frontal section through right cerebral ganglion showing neurocord cell (oval) (20 mm). (O) Excretory duct (ed) (50 Mm). (P) Main nephridial tubule (upper part of oval) and cyrtocytes projecting into lateral blood vessel (lower part of oval) (50 Mm).
FIGURE 23 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 23. Hubrechtella kimuraorum sp. nov. Holotype, male, ZIHU3127. A, transverse section through the cerebral sensory organ (CO). B, transverse section through the foregut region; arrowhead indicates the ventral branch of the lacunar connective. C, transverse section through the foregut region showing the appearance of the lacunar network below the foregut (indicated by the arrowheads). D, transverse section through the intestinal region showing the arrangement of the testes. E, higher magnification of part of D showing basophilic cells (indicated by the arrowhead) in the intestinal wall around the middorsal vessel. CL, cephalic blood lacuna; DV, middorsal vessel; IN, intestine; LL, lateral blood lacuna; LV, lateral blood vessel; PR, proboscis; RM, proboscis retractor muscle; TS, testis.
FIGURE 21 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 21. Hubrechtella kimuraorum sp. nov. Holotype, male, ZIHU3127, drawing of a transverse section through the foregut region showing the well developed lacunar connection below the alimentary canal. BM, basement membrane; DV, middorsal vessel; EP, epidermis; FG, foregut, LM, bodywall longitudinal muscle layer; LN, lateral nerve cord; OC, bodywall outer circular muscle layer; PR, proboscis; UB, Ushaped blood lacuna below gut; UD, upper middorsal nerve.
FIGURE 20 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 20. Hubrechtella kimuraorum drawing based on a photograph taken in life to show the general shape of the body.
FIGURE 22 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 22. Hubrechtella kimuraorum sp. nov. Holotype, male, ZIHU3127. A, transverse section through the precerebral region; white arrowhead indicates a dorsoventral muscle fibre in the cephalic lacuna (CL), black arrowheads indicate innervation from the subepidermal neuroglandular layer to the rhynchodaeum (RD). B, transverse section through the first region of the proboscis. C, transverse section through the second region of the proboscis; arrowhead indicates an acidophilic spherical body. D, transverse section through the third region of the proboscis; arrowheads indicate acidophilic spherules. PE, proboscis epithelium; PI, proboscis inner circular muscle layer; PL, proboscis longitudinal muscle layer; PN, nervous layer of proboscis; PO, proboscis outer circular muscle layer.
FIGURE 17 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 17. Hubrechtella ijimai (Takakura, 1922) comb. nov., ZIHU3122, female. A, transverse section through the precerebral region; arrowhead indicates innervation from the subepidermal neuroglandular layer to the rhynchodaeum (RD). B, transverse section near the proboscis insertion, showing the inner (IB) and outer (OB) basement membranes, the former is about to disappear, while the latter become thicker, posteriorly. C, transverse section through the foregut region showing the arrangement of the neurofibrous layer (NF) against the basement membrane (BM). D, transverse section through the intestinal region showing the arrangement of the neurofibrous layer (NF) against the basement membrane (BM). E, transverse section through the precerebral region; arrowhead indicates a connective tissue process from the inner to the outer basement membranes. AG, acidophilic glandular cell; BG, basophilic glandular cell; CL, cephalic blood lacuna; DM, diagonal muscle layer; EP, epidermis; RC, rhynchocoel; UD, upper middorsal nerve.
FIGURE 18 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 18. Hubrechtella ijimai (Takakura, 1922) comb. nov., ZIHU3122, female. A, transverse section through the first region of the proboscis. B, transverse section through the second region of the proboscis; arrowheads indicate spherical bodies. C, enlargement of the muscle cross in B. D, transverse section through the third region of the proboscis. E, transverse section through the fourth region of the proboscis; arrowheads indicate acidophilic spherules. MC, muscle cross in proboscis; PE, proboscis epithelium; PI, proboscis inner circular muscle layer; PL, proboscis longitudinal muscle layer; PN, nervous layer in proboscis; PO, proboscis outer circular muscle layer.
FIGURE 15 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 15. Hubrechtella ijimai (Takakura, 1922) comb. nov. A, photograph of a body fragment containing the head, taken in life (ZIHU3122, female). B, photograph of a body fragment containing the tail, taken in life (ZIHU3123, female). C, transverse section through the anterior intestinal region showing some of the epidermal glandular cell types (ZIHU3122, female). D, transverse section showing the lateral nerve cord; arrowhead indicates the giant fibre (ZIHU3122, female). BM, basement membrane; EP, epidermis; LN, lateral nerve cord; NF, neurofibrous layer; OC, bodywall outer circular muscle layer; T1, type 1 glandular cell; T2, type 2 glandular cell; T3, type 3 glandular cell; T5, type 5 glandular cell.
FIGURE 14 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 14. Callinera nishikawai sp. nov. Holotype, female, ZIHU3133. A, transverse section through the intestinal region showing the circular muscle layer around the intestine (indicated by the arrowhead). B, transverse section through an intestinal sphincter. C, higher magnification of part of B. D, transverse section showing the nephridial gland in the lateral vessel (indicated by the arrowhead). E, transverse section showing the excretory collecting tubule. F, transverse section through the nephridiopore. G, transverse section through an ovary; arrowheads indicate acidophilic granules around the gonopore. CT, connective tissue; DP, intestinal diaphragm; EP, epidermis; EX, excretory collecting tubule; GP, gonopore; IC, bodywall inner circular muscle layer; IN, intestine; IS, intestinal sphincter; LM, bodywall longitudinal muscle layer; LN, lateral nerve cord; LO, lateral sensory organ; LV, lateral blood vessel; NP, nephridiopore; OV, ovum.
FIGURE 19 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 19. Hubrechtella ijimai (Takakura, 1922) comb. nov., ZIHU3122, female. A, transverse section through the intestinal region; arrowheads indicate the basophilic cells in the intestinal wall around the middorsal vessel. B, transverse section through the cerebral sensory organs (CO). CL, cephalic blood lacuna; DV, middorsal vessel; IN, intestine; LV, lateral blood vessel; OV, ovum; PR, proboscis; RC, rhynchocoel; RM, proboscis retractor muscle; VG, ventral ganglion.
FIGURE 11 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 11. Callinera nishikawai sp. nov. Holotype, female, ZIHU3133. A, external appearance of the preserved specimen before serial sectioning. B, transverse section through the intestinal region showing the composition of the body wall; arrowhead indicates the neurofibrous layer. C, transverse section through the anterior region of the rhynchodaeum. D, transverse section through the posterior region of the rhynchodaeum showing the sphincter (indicated by the arrowhead). E, transverse section through the intestinal region showing the rhynchocoel muscular sac. BM, basement membrane; CL, cephalic blood lacuna; DM, diagonal muscle layer; EP, epidermis; IN, intestine; LM, bodywall longitudinal muscle layer; LN, lateral nerve cord; LO, lateral sensory organ; LV, lateral blood vessel; MS, rhynchocoelic muscular sac; OC, bodywall outer circular muscle layer; RC, rhynchocoel; RD, rhynchodaeum.
FIGURE 10 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 10. Carinina plecta section through the rhynchocoel wall (RW) in the plane that contains rhynchocoel vessel (RV) and the lateral blood vessel (LV), showing the rhynchocoel.
FIGURE 9 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 9. Carinina plecta sp. nov. Holotype, female, ZIHU3123. A, transverse section through the junction between the foregut and intestine (IN), showing the intestinal anterior pouches (arrowheads). B, longitudinal section showing the excretory system. EP, epidermis; EX, excretory collecting tubule; IC, bodywall inner circular muscle layer; LM, bodywall longitudinal muscle layer; LV, lateral blood vessel; NP, nephridiopore; RC, rhynchocoel.
FIGURE 7 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 7. Carinina plecta sp. nov. Holotype, female, ZIHU3123. Drawing of a transverse section through the rhynchodaeal region. BM, basement membrane; CN, cephalic peripheral nerve; CT, connective tissue; DM, diagonal muscle layer; EP, epidermis; LD lower middorsal nerve; OC, bodywall outer circular muscle layer; RI, rhynchodaeal inner longitudinal muscle layer; RN, rhynchodaeal nerve; RO, rhynchodaeal outer muscle wall, composed of interwoven circular and longitudinal muscle fibres; UD, upper middorsal nerve.
FIGURE 8 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 8. Carinina plecta sp. nov. Holotype, female, ZIHU3123. A, transverse section just posterior to the proboscis insertion; arrowhead indicates muscle bundles derived from the rhynchocoel inner longitudinal muscle layer (RL), extending into the proboscis (PR). B, transverse section through the proboscis insertion. C, transverse section through the proboscis. D, higher magnification of C showing the inner circular muscle layer of the proboscis (PI). PL, proboscis longitudinal muscle layer; PN, proboscis nerve; PO, proboscis outer circular muscle layer; RC, rhynchocoel; RD, rhynchodaeum.
FIGURE 6 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 6. Carinina plecta sp. nov. Holotype, female, ZIHU3123. A, tangential section of the body wall showing diagonal muscles (DM). B, transverse section through the anterior portion of the ventral cerebral commissure (VC) showing horizontal transverse muscles below the rhynchocoel (indicated by the arrowhead). C, transverse section through the vicinity of the mouth region; black arrowheads indicate horizontal transverse muscle fibres, white arrowheads indicate branches of the buccal nerves. D, sagittal section through the intestinal region to show one of the aberrantly thick muscle fibres. BC, buccal circular muscle; BN, buccal nerve; BW, buccal wall; CL, cephalic blood lacuna; G1, acidfuchsinpositive glandular cell; LB, longitudinal muscles below horizontal transverse muscles; LL, lateral blood lacuna; LM, bodywall longitudinal muscle layer; LN, lateral nerve cord; PR, proboscis; RC, rhynchocoel; RW, rhynchocoel wall.
FIGURE 5 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 5. Carinina plecta sp. nov. Holotype, female, ZIHU3123. Drawing of a transverse section through the foregut region. BM, basement membrane; DM, diagonal muscle layer; EP, epidermis; FG, foregut; IC, bodywall inner circular muscle layer; LD, lower middorsal nerve; LM, bodywall longitudinal muscle layer; LN, lateral nerve cord; LP, longitudinal muscle plate between rhynchocoel and alimentary canal; LV, lateral blood vessel; OC, bodywall outer circular muscle layer; RV, rhynchocoel vessel; UD, upper middorsal nerve.
FIGURE 4 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 4. Carinina plecta sp. nov. Holotype, female, ZIHU3123. Drawing of a transverse section through just anterior to the mouth. BM, basement membrane; BN, buccal nerve; CL, cephalic blood lacuna; CP, cerebral sensory organ pit; G1, acidfuchsinpositive glandular cell; LB, longitudinal muscles below horizontal transverse muscles; LD, lower middorsal nerve; LM, bodywall longitudinal muscle layer; OC, bodywall outer circular muscle layer; PR, proboscis; UD, upper middorsal nerve; VG, ventral cerebral ganglion.
FIGURE 2 in Four palaeonemerteans (Nemertea: Anopla) from a tidal flat in middle Honshu, Japan
FIGURE 2. Schematic paleonemertean cross section showing the measurements used in calculating the epidermal height to body diameter indices. A, width of the body; B, height of the body;,,, and, the thicknesses of the epidermis on the left, right, dorsal, and ventral sides of the body; BM, basement membrane; EP, epidermis.
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