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FIGURE 2. A. Alcyonium paessleri May, 1899 in New records of octocorals (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the south western Atlantic Ocean, with zoogeographic considerations

FIGURE 2. A. Alcyonium paessleri May, 1899, alcohol sample, MACN 18635. B. Alcyonium haddoni Wright & Studer, 1889, alcohol sample, MACN 15666.

Fig. 3 in Feeding Biology And Symbiotic Relationships Of The Corallimorpharian Paracorynactis Hoplites (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)

Fig. 3. Diameter of fully digested crown-of-thorns sea stars (Acanthaster planci) as a function of polyp diameter of Paracorynactis hoplites.

Fig. 1 in Feeding Biology And Symbiotic Relationships Of The Corallimorpharian Paracorynactis Hoplites (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)

Fig. 1. Extended polyp of Paracorynactis hoplites pulling a partly whitened asteroid (Linckia laevigata) toward its mouth. Note test of echinoid Echinometra mathaei beside base of polyp (A. R. Bos).

Fig. 5 in Feeding Biology And Symbiotic Relationships Of The Corallimorpharian Paracorynactis Hoplites (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)

Fig. 5. Symbiotic shrimp Thor amboinensis among tentacles of a polyp of Paracorynactis hoplites. Mouth of polyp is visible at lower right (A. R. Bos).

Fig. 4 in Feeding Biology And Symbiotic Relationships Of The Corallimorpharian Paracorynactis Hoplites (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)

Fig. 4. Entirely closed polyp of Paracorynactis hoplites where tentacles are not visible (A. R. Bos).

Fig. 1 in Re-description of Metedwardsia akkeshi (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Edwardsiidae), Discovered in Akkeshi, Hokkaido, Almost 80 Years after Original Description, with a Revision of the Diagnosis of Genus Metedwardsia

Fig. 1. Location of sites where Metedwardsia akkeshi specimens were collected. A, localities where Metedwardsia akkeshi were collected in Hokkaido, Japan. Sites in Nemuro are indicated by black arrows (Lake Onne-to and Lake Furen); B, enlarged map of Akkeshi. Collection sites in Akkeshi are indicated by black arrows (Akkeshi Bay and Lake Akkeshi); C, the Chikarakotan mud flat of Lake Akkeshi; D, Shinryuhama Beach of Akkeshi Bay (image courtesy of Naoto Jimi); E, mud flat near the Onne-to Ohashi Bridge, Lake Onne-to.

Fig. 4 in Re-description of Metedwardsia akkeshi (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Edwardsiidae), Discovered in Akkeshi, Hokkaido, Almost 80 Years after Original Description, with a Revision of the Diagnosis of Genus Metedwardsia

Fig. 4. Cnidae of Metedwardsia akkeshi (NSMT-Co 1605). A, tentacle spirocyst; B, tentacle basitrich; C, actinopharynx basitrich; D, actinopharynx microbasic b-mastigophore; E, column basitrich; F, filament basitrich; G, filament microbasic b-mastigophore; H, filament microbasic amastigophore.

Fig. 3 in Re-description of Metedwardsia akkeshi (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Edwardsiidae), Discovered in Akkeshi, Hokkaido, Almost 80 Years after Original Description, with a Revision of the Diagnosis of Genus Metedwardsia

Fig. 3. Tentacular and mesenterial arrangement of Metedwardsia akkeshi. Schematic diagram depicting a cross-section of mesenterial and tentacular arrangement. The 24 tentacles are arranged in three cycles, consisting of an inner six (white), middle six (grey), and outer twelve (black). Abbreviations: Ac, actinopharynx; dd, dorsal directives; dlm, dorso-lateral mesenteries; mi, microcneme; vd, ventral directives; vlm, ventro-lateral directives.

Fig. 2 in Re-description of Metedwardsia akkeshi (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Edwardsiidae), Discovered in Akkeshi, Hokkaido, Almost 80 Years after Original Description, with a Revision of the Diagnosis of Genus Metedwardsia

Fig. 2. Outer and inner views of Metedwardsia akkeshi. A, outer view of Metedwardsia akkeshi (NSMT-Co 1605); B, outer view of live specimen (NSMT-Co 1606); C, oral view (NSMT-Co 1606); D, longitudinal section of oral part of M. akkeshi (NSMT-Co 1605, same hereafter); E, transversal section of actinopharynx and column; F, transversal section of tentacle; G, transversal section of a mesentery and parietal basal muscle; H, transversal section of mesenteries, gonads, and filaments; I, enlarged view of mesenteries. J, transversal section of physa. Abbreviations: Ac, actinopharynx; Fi, filament; Ma, macrocneme; Me, mesoglea; Mi, microcneme; Ov, ovary; Pa, parietal muscle; Ph, physa; Rm, retractor muscle; Scl, scapulus; Scs, scapus; Te, tentacle; Tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale: 5 mm in A–C; 1 mm in D, E, H; 500 µm in J; 100 µm in F, G, I.

Fig. 4 in Redescription of the Sea Anemone Exocoelactis actinostoloides (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) Based on a Topotypic Specimen Collected from Tokyo Bay, Japan

Fig. 4. Mesenterial arrangement of Exocoelactis actinostoloides (CMNH ZG 05926). A, diagrammatic image; B, gross transverse section of column at level of pharynx; C, histological transverse section of approximately one-third of whole cycle in lower part of column, just under pharynx. Abbreviations: I–V, pairs of mesenteries of first to fifth cycle respectively; d, pairs of directive mesenteries; g, gonad; p, pharynx; s, siphonoglyph. Scale bars: 10 mm.

Fig. 1 in Redescription of the Sea Anemone Exocoelactis actinostoloides (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) Based on a Topotypic Specimen Collected from Tokyo Bay, Japan

Fig. 1. Localities of Exocoelactis actinostoloides (Wassilieff, 1908) around Sagami Bay, Japan. Jogashima and Enoshima are the type localities of Ex. actinostoloides and Cymbactis maxima Wassilieff, 1908, respectively.

Fig. 3 in Redescription of the Sea Anemone Exocoelactis actinostoloides (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) Based on a Topotypic Specimen Collected from Tokyo Bay, Japan

Fig. 3. Exocoelactis actinostoloides (CMNH-ZG 05926) from Uraga Strait, mouth of Tokyo Bay, live. A, oral view; B, lateral view; C, oral view around mouth; D, lateral view of upper part of column. s, siphonoglyph. Scale bars (lower right in each image): 20 mm.

Fig. 7 in Redescription of the Sea Anemone Exocoelactis actinostoloides (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) Based on a Topotypic Specimen Collected from Tokyo Bay, Japan

Fig. 7. Cnidae from tentacle, column, pharynx, and mesenterial filaments of Exocoelactis actinostoloides (CMNH-ZG 05926). For letters a–m, refer to Table 1. Scale bar: 50 µm.

Fig. 9 in Redescription of the Sea Anemone Exocoelactis actinostoloides (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) Based on a Topotypic Specimen Collected from Tokyo Bay, Japan

Fig. 9. Maximum likelihood tree of total 1094 base pairs of concatenated 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA, showing placement of newly obtained sequences from Exocoelactis actinostoloides (CMNH-ZG 05926) among previously published GenBank sequences. Values of ML bootstrap values>60% are shown at the respective nodes; monophylies with Bayesian posterior probabilities of>0.90 in Bayseian tree are shown by thick branches. Ex. actinostoloides is shown in a bold and larger font. Species names corresponding to sequences from previous studies are shown in regular font. Black and white stars indicate members of the family Actinostolidae sensu Rodríguez et al. (2008) and Exocoelactinidae, respectively.

Fig. 8 in Redescription of the Sea Anemone Exocoelactis actinostoloides (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) Based on a Topotypic Specimen Collected from Tokyo Bay, Japan

Fig. 8. Size distribution of cnidae of Exocoelactis actinostoloides (CMNH-ZG 05926). Squares indicate ranges of length and width reported by Arellano and Fautin (2001: 654, table 2): orange squares, holotype; green squares, other specimens investigated by Arellano and Fautin (2001). "n" is number of capsules measured. For letters a–m, refer to Table 1 and Fig. 7.

Fig. 6 in Redescription of the Sea Anemone Exocoelactis actinostoloides (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) Based on a Topotypic Specimen Collected from Tokyo Bay, Japan

Fig. 6. Scanning electric microscope images of musculature of Exocoelactis actinostoloides (CMNH-ZG 05926). A, sphincter; B, enlarged detail of A (area within rectangle); C, tentacular longitudinal muscle; D, enlarged detail of C (area within rectangle). Abbreviations: ed, epidermis; gd, gastrodermis; mg, mesogloea; mf, muscle fibers; sm, sphincter muscle; tm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 200 µm for A, C; 10 µm for B, D.

Fig. 2 in New Distributional Records of Three Species of Euphylliidae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia, Scleractinia) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Fig. 2. Corallum of Fimbriaphyllia species currently reported from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, F. paraancora (A–D) and F. paradivisa (E–H). A, KAUM-CN-10, Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, depth of 32 m; B, CMNH-ZG09105, Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, depth of 35 m; C, CMNH-ZG 08523, Wase, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, depth of 9 m; D, CMNH- ZG 07195, Ii-nanshi, Ogamijima island, Okinawa, Japan, depth of 10 m; E, KAUM-CN-11, Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, depth of 32 m; F, CMNH-ZG 09661, Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, depth of 32 m; G, KAUM-CN-12, Henoko, Okinawajima island, Okinawa, Japan, depth of 28 m; H, CMNH-ZG-09661, Henoko, Okinawajima island, Japan, depth of 28 m.

Fig. 1 in New Distributional Records of Three Species of Euphylliidae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia, Scleractinia) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Fig. 1. Underwater appearance of living corals. A, in situ photograph of the colonies of Fimbriaphyllia paraancora (KAUM-CN-10) on the left and F.paradivisa (KAUM-CN-11) at Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, on 21 December 2017; B, an aggregation of F.paradivisa approximately 3–5 m in diameters on the muddy bottom in the usually turbid inner bay at a depth 28 m, Henoko, Okinawajima island, Okinawa, Japan, on 25 November 2010; C, extended polyps of F. paradivisa showing branching tentacles with spherical ends; D, extended polyps of F. paraancora showing tentacles with anchor-shaped tips; E, in situ photograph of Catalaphyllia jardinei (KAUM-CN-14) at Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, on 21 December 2017; F, polyps of C. jardinei showing small bubble-shaped tentacles at the edge of the oral disc.

Fig. 4 in New Distributional Records of Three Species of Euphylliidae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia, Scleractinia) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Fig. 4. Specimens of Catalaphyllia jardinei preserved in the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (Photographs taken by Allison Becker) (USNM). A–B, corallite of USNM 1259568, collected at 52–55 m deep off Manza Horshoe Cliffs, Onna, Okinawajima island, Okinawa, Japan, on 21 December 1988, by Robert F. Bolland; C–D, corallite of USNM 94409, collected at 27 m deep off Nago City, Nago, Okinawajima island, Okinawa, Japan, on 21 February 1992, by R. F. Bolland.

Fig. 3 in New Distributional Records of Three Species of Euphylliidae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia, Scleractinia) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Fig. 3. Corallum of Catalaphyllia jardinei currently reported from Amami-Oshima island, Japan. A, side view of the corallite of KAUM- CN-14; B, view from the top side of the corallite and the calice of KAUM-CN-14; C, side view of the corallite of CMNH-ZG 09662; D, view from the top side of the corallite and the calice of CMNH-ZG 0966 showing three-forked branching of the calice.