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FIG. 2. — Asterolepis alticristata n in Asterolepis alticristata n. sp. (Antiarchi) from the Upper Devonian (Frasnian) of Nunavut, Canada, and a report on the antiarch diversity of the Fram Formation

FIG. 2. — Asterolepis alticristata n. sp., NUFV 897, holotype, anterior median dorsal plate in visceral (A, photograph; A', labeled illustration), cranial (B), left lateral (C), and dermal (D) views. Abbreviations: cd.PMD, area overlapped by the posterior median dorsal plate; cv.ADL, area overlapping the anterior dorsolateral plate; cv.Mxl, area overlapping the mixilateral plate; lc, lateral corner; op.r oblique posterolateral ridge. Scale bar: 5 cm.

Fig. 10 in A new Early Devonian antiarch placoderm from Belarus, and the phylogeny of Asterolepidoidei

Fig. 10. Stratigraphy and possible correlation of the Emsian–Eifelian deposits of Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, and Central Russia (CDF) (data from Lukševičs and Stinkulis 2018; Mark-Kurik 2000; Mark-Kurik and Põldvere 2012; Obukhovskaya et al. 2010; Valiukevičius and Kruchek 2000).

Fig. 8 in A new Early Devonian antiarch placoderm from Belarus, and the phylogeny of Asterolepidoidei

Fig. 8. Phylogeny of Euantiarcha. A. Strict consensus tree of 124 the most parsimonious trees based on the shortened and revised data-set from Wang and Zhu (2018). B. 50% majority-rule consensus tree of the most parsimonious trees. Numbers on branches indicate the percentage of most parsimonious trees that contain a particular clade (100% unless otherwise indicated). Taxa in bold traditionally attributed to Asterolepidoidea.

Fig. 9 in A new Early Devonian antiarch placoderm from Belarus, and the phylogeny of Asterolepidoidei

Fig. 9. Ranges of the Asterolepidoidei (based on data from Andrews 1978; Friman 1982; Gross 1941; Hemmings 1978; Johanson 1997; KaratajūteTalimaa 1960; Lukševičs 1991, 2021; Lyarskaya 1981; Malinovskaya 1973; Moloshnikov 2012; Olive 2015; Pan et al. 1987; Panteleyev 1992, 1993; Stensiö 1931; Zhao and Zhu 2010; Young 1984, 1990; Young and Gorter 1981; Young and Moody 2002).

Fig. 7 in A new Early Devonian antiarch placoderm from Belarus, and the phylogeny of Asterolepidoidei

Fig. 7. Phylogeny of 45 taxa of Antiarcha. A. Strict consensus tree of 185 most parsimonious trees based on the data-set from Wang and Zhu (2018), with addition of one character (SOM: character 80) and three antiarchs species (Asperaspis carinata, Walterilepis speciosa and Merimbulaspis meemannae). B. 50% majority-rule consensus tree of the 185 most parsimonious trees. Numbers on branches indicate the percentage of most parsimonious trees that contain a particular clade. Legend: B, taxa traditionally attributed to Bothriolepidoidea. Taxa in bold traditionally attributed to Asterolepidoidea.

Fig. 3 in A new Early Devonian antiarch placoderm from Belarus, and the phylogeny of Asterolepidoidei

Fig. 3. Fossil remains of the antiarch placoderm Sherbonaspis talimaae sp. nov.; upper Emsian of Belarus, borehole Korma-1 (A), borehole Osipovichi 6 (B–D), borehole Smol'ki 6п (E). A. BNTU 121/20-1, anterior ventral lateral plate in external (A1) and internal (A2) views. B. BNTU 44/2-1, fragmentary anterior ventral lateral plate in external view. C. BNTU 44/1-13a, paranuchal plate in external view. D. BNTU 44/2-2 (holotype), left posterior ventral lateral plate in external view. E. BNTU 158/1-1, left posterior ventral lateral plate in lateral view.

Fig. 6 in A new Early Devonian antiarch placoderm from Belarus, and the phylogeny of Asterolepidoidei

Fig. 6. Reconstruction of the ventral wall of the trunk armour of the antiarch placoderm Sherbonaspis talimaae sp. nov., based on BNTU 44/2-1, 44/2-2, 121/20-1, and 158/1-1; upper Emsian of Belarus. Abbreviations: AVL, anterior ventral lateral plate; MV, median ventral plate; MxL, mixilateral plate; PVL, posterior ventral lateral plate; Sm, semilunar plate.

Fig. 2 in A new Early Devonian antiarch placoderm from Belarus, and the phylogeny of Asterolepidoidei

Fig. 2. Stratigraphy of the upper Emsian deposits of Belarus and their correlation with the synchronous deposits from the adjacent territories (according to Obukhovskaya et al. 2010). CDF, Central Devonian Field.

Fig. 1 in A new Early Devonian antiarch placoderm from Belarus, and the phylogeny of Asterolepidoidei

Fig. 1. Map of the location of the borehole sections where the skeletal elements of the antiarch fish Sherbonaspis talimaae sp. nov. were found. Boreholes: 1, Osipovichi 6; 2, Korma 1; 3, Smol'ki 6п.

Fig. 5 in A new Early Devonian antiarch placoderm from Belarus, and the phylogeny of Asterolepidoidei

Fig. 5. Drawings of the left ventral lateral plates of the antiarch placoderm Sherbonaspis talimaae sp. nov.; upper Emsian of Belarus. A. BNTU 158/1-1 from Smol'ki 6п borehole, in lateral view. B. BNTU 44/2-2 from Osipovichi 6 borehole, in external view. Abbreviations: cf.MV, area overlapping the MV plate; cf.PVL, area overlapping the opposite PVL plate; dc, dorsal corner; oa.AVL, area overlapped by the AVL plate; pdc, posterior dorsal corner; vlr, ventral lateral ridge.

Fig. 4 in A new Early Devonian antiarch placoderm from Belarus, and the phylogeny of Asterolepidoidei

Fig. 4. Drawings of the plates of the antiarch placoderm Sherbonaspis talimaae sp. nov.; upper Emsian of Belarus. A. BNTU 121/20-1, AVL from Korma-1 borehole, plate in external (A1) and internal (A2) view. B. BNTU 44/1-13a from Osipovichi 6 borehole, Pn plate in external view. Abbreviations: adc, anterior dorsal corner; c.al, anterior lateral corner; cf.ADL, area overlapping the ADL plate; cf.MV, area overlapping the MV plate; cf.MxL, area overlapping the MxL plate; cf.Nu, area overlapping the nuchal plate; cf.PVL, area overlapping the PVL plate; cf.Sm, area overlapping the Sm plate; cit1, crista transversalis interna anterior; f.ax, axillary foramen; f.ax1, inner axillary foramen; nm, obtected nuchal area; ifc1, infraorbital sensory line canal; mpg, middle pit-line groove; oa.AVL, area overlapped by the opposite AVL plate; pdc, posterior dorsal corner; pr.br, brachial process; ptc, cephalic division of the main lateral line; ri, ridge on the visceral surface of the AVL plate; soa, subobstantic margin; vlr, ventral lateral ridge.

Fig. 12 in Devonian antiarch placoderms from Belgium revisited

Fig. 12. Reconstructions of the dermal shield of antiarch placoderm Remigolepis durnalensis sp. nov., from Spontin (Namur Province), Famennian, Devonian. A. Reconstruction of the incomplete head shield (the left lateral plate is the mirror image of the right one), dorsal view. B. Trunk reconstruction, dorsal view. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 9 in Devonian antiarch placoderms from Belgium revisited

Fig. 9. Dermal plates of antiarch placoderm Remigolepis durnalensis sp. nov., from Spontin (Namur Province), Famennian, Devonian. A. IRSNB P.9262, Prm, external view, photographed under water immersion. B. IRSNB P.9263a, La, external view, photographed under water immersion. C. IRSNB P.9264a, Pp, external view, dotted line based on the counterpart IRSNB P.9264b, photographed under water immersion. D. IRSNB P.9265a, AMD, external and internal views, dotted line based on IRSNB P.9265b. E. IRSNB P.9265b, AMD, external and internal views. F. IRSNB P.9266b, AMD, external and internal views. G. IRSNB P.9266a, AMD, external and internal views. Photographs (A1–D1, E–G); explanatory drawings (A2–D2). Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 8 in Devonian antiarch placoderms from Belgium revisited

Fig. 8. Dermal plates of antiarch placoderm Asterolepis sp. 2., from Mazy (Namur Province), Givetian, Devonian. A. IRSNB P.9260, unassigned plate, external view; photograph (A1); explanatory drawing (A2). B. IRSNB P.9259, CD1, external view. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 11 in Devonian antiarch placoderms from Belgium revisited

Fig. 11. Dermal plates of antiarch placoderm Remigolepis durnalensis sp. nov., from Spontin (Namur Province), Famennian, Devonian. A. IRSNB P.9273a, PVL + PL, external view; photograph of natural cast (A1), explanatory drawing (A2), dotted line based on PVL and PL of other Remigolepis species. B. IRSNB P.9261a, CV1, internal and external views. C. IRSNB P.9274a, pectoral fin + AVL, ventral view; photograph (C1); explanatory drawing (C2), dotted line based on IRSNB P.9274b. Abbreviations: CV, ventral central plate; ML, lateral marginal plate; VM, ventro-medial marginal plate. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 5 in Devonian antiarch placoderms from Belgium revisited

Fig. 5. Dermal plates of antiarch placoderm Grossilepis rikiki sp. nov., from Moresnet, Liège Province (A, E), Strud, Namur Province (B–D, F), Famennian, Devonian. A. IRSNB P.9253a, skull roof, external view; photograph (A 1), under water immersion; explanatory drawing (A 2), dotted line obtained by mirror image. B. IRSNB P.9254, AMD, external view, whitened with ammonium chloride. C. IRSNB P.9257, ML2, external and internal views, dotted line based on IRSNB vert 31594-007. D. IRSNB P.9255a, AMD, internal view; photograph (D 1), explanatory drawing (D 2). E. IRSNB P.9256a, PMD, external and internal views, dotted line based on the counterpart IRSNB P.9256b. F. IRSNB P.9258a, CV1, external view. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 1 in Devonian antiarch placoderms from Belgium revisited

Fig. 1. Locality map of Belgian antiarch occurrences. Black fish symbols for Givetian finds; white for Famennian.

Fig. 10 in Devonian antiarch placoderms from Belgium revisited

Fig. 10. Dermal plates of antiarch placoderm Remigolepis durnalensis sp. nov., from Spontin (Namur Province), Famennian, Devonian. A. IRSNB P.9267a, PMD, external view, dotted line based on IRSNB P.9268. B. IRSNB P.9268a, PMD, internal view, photographed under water immersion. C. IRSNB P.9269a, ADL, external view. D. IRSNB P.9271a, PDL, external and internal views. E. IRSNB P.9270a, PDL, external and internal views. F. IRSNB P.9272, PVL, external view. Photographs (A1, B, C1, D, E1, F1); explanatory drawings (A2, C2, E2, F2). Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 7 in Devonian antiarch placoderms from Belgium revisited

Fig. 7. Dermal plates of antiarch placoderm Asterolepis sp. 1, from Hingeon (Namur Province), Upper Givetian, Devonian. A. IRSNB P.1460, CV1, external view; photograph (A 1), explanatory drawing (A 2). B. IRSNB 1462a, distal part of the pectoral fin, external view. C. IRSNB 1462b, distal part of the pectoral fin, external view, counterpart of IRSNB 1462a. D. Drawing based on IRSNB 1462a and b, distal part of the pectoral fin, external view. E. IRSNB P.1463, MM1, external view; photograph (E ), explanatory drawing (E ). F. IRSNB P.1461a, CV1, internal view. Drawings from Gross 1965. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 3 in Devonian antiarch placoderms from Belgium revisited

Fig. 3. Dermal plates of antiarch placoderm Bothriolepis lohesti Leriche, 1931, from Vaux-sous-Chèvremont and Chèvremont (Liège Province), Famennian, Devonian. A. UCL-P.V.L.10.621, partial headshield, external view. Photograph, whitened with ammonium chloride (A 1), explanatory drawing (A 2). B. PALULG-2011.12.14.14A, AMD, external view. C. PALULG-2011.12.14.17A, AMD, internal view. D. PALULG-2011.12.14.18, PMD, external view. E. PALULG-2011.12.14.17B, ADL, internal view. F. UCL-P.V.L.10.668, MxL, external view. G. PALULG-2011.12.14.20, AVL, external and internal views. H. PALULG-2011.12.14.22, pectoral fin, ventral view. Scale bars 10 mm.