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34 results for “Antwrens”
Systematics of a Neotropical clade of dead-leaf-foraging antwrens (Aves: Thamnophilidae; Epinecrophylla)
<p>The stipple-throated antwrens of the genus <i>Epinecrophylla</i> (Aves: Thamnophilidae) are represented by eight species primarily found in the lowlands of the Amazon Basin and the Guiana Shield. The genus has a long and convoluted taxonomic history, with many attempts made to address the taxonomy and systematics of the group. Here we employ massively parallel sequencing of thousands of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) to provide both the most comprehensive subspecies-level phylogeny of <i>Epinecrophylla</i> antwrens and the first population-level genetic analyses for most species in the genus. Most of our results are robust to a diversity of phylogenetic and population genetic methods, but we show that even with thousands of loci we are unable to fully resolve the relationships between some western Amazonian species in the <i>haematonota </i>group. We uncovered phylogenetic relationships between taxa and patterns of population structure that are discordant with both morphology and current taxonomy. For example, we found deep genetic breaks between taxa in the <i>ornata </i>group that are currently regarded as species, and in the <i>haematonota </i>and <i>leucophthalma</i> groups we found paraphyly at the species and subspecies levels, respectively. As has been found in many Amazonian taxa, our phylogenetic results show that the major river systems of the Amazon Basin appear to have an effect on the genetic structure and range limits within <i>Epinecrophylla</i>. Our population genetics analyses showed extensive admixture between some taxa despite their deep genetic divergence. We present a revised taxonomy for the group and suggest areas for further study.</p>
Figure 4 in Range extensions for Yellow-crowned Elaenia Myiopagis flavivertex and Dugand's Antwren Herpsilochmus dugandi in eastern Colombia
Figure 4. Female Dugand's Antwren Herpsilochmus dugandi, near Caño Negro, Buena Vista II, municipality of San José del Guaviare, dpto. Guaviare, Colombia, July 2016 (Wilmer A. Ramírez)
Figure 3 in Range extensions for Yellow-crowned Elaenia Myiopagis flavivertex and Dugand's Antwren Herpsilochmus dugandi in eastern Colombia
Figure 3. New records of Dugand's Antwren Herpsilochmus dugandi in Colombia, in dpto. Guaviare (red spots), and the species' range in surrounding countries per BirdLife International (2017; green). Records: 1: Los Cambulos, 2–6: Buena Vista II, 7: Playa Güio.
Figure 1 in Range extensions for Yellow-crowned Elaenia Myiopagis flavivertex and Dugand's Antwren Herpsilochmus dugandi in eastern Colombia
Figure 1. New records of Yellow-crowned Elaenia Myiopagis flavivertex in Colombia, in dptos. Guaviare and Meta (red spots), and the species' range in surrounding countries per BirdLife International (2017; green). Blue spot = only previous known locality in Colombia, in municipality of Inírida, dpto. Guainía. Records: 1–3 and 6: Puerto Concordia (Meta); 4–5: Buena Vista II; 7: El Retorno, 8: Damas de Nare, 9: Playa Güio.
Figure 2 in Range extensions for Yellow-crowned Elaenia Myiopagis flavivertex and Dugand's Antwren Herpsilochmus dugandi in eastern Colombia
Figure 2. Yellow-crowned Elaenia Myiopagis flavivertex, Playa Alta, municipality of Puerto Concordia, dpto. Meta, Colombia, January 2017 (Wilmer A. Ramírez)
Systematics of a Neotropical clade of dead-leaf-foraging antwrens (Aves: Thamnophilidae; Epinecrophylla)
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Data for: Ecology and behavior predict an evolutionary trade-off between song complexity and elaborate plumages in antwrens (Aves, Thamnophilidae)
<p>The environment can impose constraints on signal transmission properties such that signals should evolve in predictable directions (Sensory Drive Hypothesis). However, behavioral and ecological factors can limit investment in more than one sensory modality leading to a trade-off in use of different signals (Transfer Hypothesis). In birds, there is mixed evidence for both sensory drive and transfer hypothesis. Few studies have tested sensory drive while also evaluating the transfer hypothesis, limiting understanding of the relative roles of these processes in signal evolution. Here, we assessed both hypotheses using acoustic and visual signals in male and female antwrens (Thamnophilidae), a species-rich group that inhabits diverse environments and exhibits behaviors, such as mixed-species flocking, that could limit investment in different signal modalities. We uncovered significant effects of habitat (sensory drive) and mixed-species flocking behavior on both sensory modalities, and we revealed evolutionary trade-offs between song and plumage complexity, consistent with the transfer hypothesis. We also showed sex- and trait-specific responses in visual signals that suggest both natural and social selection play an important role in the evolution of sexual dimorphism. Altogether, these results support the idea that environmental (sensory drive) and behavioral pressures (social selection) shape signal evolution in antwrens.</p>
Data for: Ecology and behavior predict an evolutionary trade-off between song complexity and elaborate plumages in antwrens (Aves, Thamnophilidae)
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Data from: Adaptive processes drive ecomorphological convergent evolution in antwrens (Thamnophilidae)
Phylogenetic niche conservatism and convergence are contrasting evolutionary patterns that describe phenotypic similarity across independent lineages. Assessing whether and how adaptive processes give origin to these patterns represent a fundamental step toward understanding phenotypic evolution. Phylogenetic model-based approaches offer the opportunity not only to distinguish between phylogenetic niche conservatism and convergence, but also to determine the extent that adaptive processes explain phenotypic similarity. The Myrmotherula complex in the Neotropical family Thamnophilidae is a polyphyletic group of sexually dimorphic small insectivorous forest birds that are relatively homogeneous in size and shape. Here, we integrate a comprehensive species-level molecular phylogeny of the Myrmotherula complex with morphometric and ecological data within a comparative framework to test whether phenotypic similarity is described by a pattern of phylogenetic niche conservatism or convergence, and to identify evolutionary mechanisms underlying body size and shape evolution. We show that antwrens in the Myrmotherula complex represent distantly related clades that exhibit adaptive convergent evolution in body size and divergent evolution in body shape. Phenotypic similarity in the group is primarily driven by their tendency to converge toward smaller body sizes. Differences in body size and shape across lineages are associated to ecological and behavioral factors.
FIGURE 27 in A new species of Formicivora antwren from the Chapada Diamantina, eastern Brazil (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)
FIGURE 27. Campo rupestre vegetation on rocky outcrops of the Serra do Sincorá, Chapada Diamantina, habitat of Formicivora grantsaui sp. nov. (Photos by Charles Ozanick).
FIGURES 24–25 in A new species of Formicivora antwren from the Chapada Diamantina, eastern Brazil (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)
FIGURES 24–25. Calls of Formicivora grantsaui sp.nov. (ASEC 10512): 24, a transition call between a series of alarm calls (see Fig. 9) and scolding calls; 25, a typical scolding call. Notice that the last note of the call in Fig. 24 is prolonged in a harsh sound, like a short version of the scolding call (window function Blackman, amplitude logarithmic, filter bandwidth 533 Hz, overlap 93.75%, FFT size 16384 points).
FIGURES 3–5 in A new species of Formicivora antwren from the Chapada Diamantina, eastern Brazil (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)
FIGURES 3–5. From left to right in each figure: holotype of Formicivora grantsaui sp. nov. (MNRJ 44149); male F. rufa collected at the same locality (MNRJ 44151); female paratype of F. grantsaui sp. nov. (MNRJ 44150); and female F. rufa collected at the same locality (MNRJ 44153); 3, ventral view; 4, lateral view; 5, dorsal view.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Formicivora antwren from the Chapada Diamantina, eastern Brazil (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)
FIGURE 2. Formicivora grantsaui sp. nov. in its habitat near the type locality (Mucugê, Bahia). Above: adult male. Below: female-plumaged bird (Photos by Sidnei Sampaio).
FIGURE 8 in A new species of Formicivora antwren from the Chapada Diamantina, eastern Brazil (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)
FIGURE 8. Underside of the tail of the holotype of Formicivora grantsaui sp. nov. (MNRJ 44149), showing the pattern of white marks and two-toned (grey and black) coloration of the outer feathers.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Formicivora antwren from the Chapada Diamantina, eastern Brazil (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)
FIGURE 1. Chapada Diamantina region in the Espinhaço Range, eastern Brazil, showing land above 1000 m and localities mentioned in the text (adapted from Davis et al. 1997).
FIGURES 9–12 in A new species of Formicivora antwren from the Chapada Diamantina, eastern Brazil (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)
FIGURES 9–12. The alarm call shared by: 9, Formicivora grantsaui sp. nov. (ASEC 10549); 10, F. r u f a (ASEC 3186); 11, F. acutirostris (MBBR s/no.); and 12, F. g r i s e a (ASEC 3011) presents a similar first note with a rapid descending frequency modulation followed by a second part, having up to three additional notes, whose structure is more variable among the several taxa. In F. grantsaui this final part most often has two very short notes (but see Figs. 13–14), while in the other species it always has only one note (window function Blackman, amplitude logarithmic, window size 533 samples, overlap 96.2%, DFT size 16384 points).
FIGURES 19–20 in A new species of Formicivora antwren from the Chapada Diamantina, eastern Brazil (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)
FIGURES 19–20. Loudsong of: 19, Formicivora grantsaui sp. nov., showing six notes from a much longer series (ASEC 10549); 20, F. r u f a recorded at the same locality, showing a complete song phrase (ASEC 10539). Notice the pace about 7 times faster in F. r u f a. Inset in each figure is an enlargement on the time scale (same scale for all) to show more comparative detail (window function Blackman, amplitude logarithmic, window size 533 samples, overlap 96.2%, DFT size 4096 points).
FIGURE 26 in A new species of Formicivora antwren from the Chapada Diamantina, eastern Brazil (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)
FIGURE 26. Two consecutive scolding calls of Formicivora grisea from coastal Bahia, Brazil (MLNS 35741) (see Figs. 24–25) (window function Blackman, amplitude logarithmic, window size 533 samples, overlap 96.2%, DFT size 32768 points).
FIGURES 15–18 in A new species of Formicivora antwren from the Chapada Diamantina, eastern Brazil (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)
FIGURES 15–18. Territorial (duet) call of: 15, Formicivora grantsaui sp. nov. (ASEC 10545); 16, F. r u f a (ASEC 2818); 17–18, variants of F. g r i s e a (ASEC 2990 and 3012 respectively). Notice the shorter call with distinctive ascending/descending frequency modulation of notes in F. grantsaui (window function Blackman, amplitude logarithmic, window size 533 samples, overlap 96.2%, DFT size 32768 points).
FIGURES 21–23 in A new species of Formicivora antwren from the Chapada Diamantina, eastern Brazil (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)
FIGURES 21–23. Distress call of: 21, Formicivora grantsaui sp. nov., two consecutive whistles (ASEC 10615, from the holotype); 22, F. g r i s e a, two consecutive whistles (JMCS 07/39); 23, F. r u f a, a complete trill (ASEC 3184). All recordings made from mist-netted birds. (window function Blackman, amplitude logarithmic, window size 533 samples, overlap 96.2%, DFT size 16384 points).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.