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Fig. 4 in Two new Pandanus frogs (Guibemantis: Mantellidae: Anura) from northern Madagascar

Fig. 4. Guibemantis albomaculatus sp. nov. in life. A–B. Two specimens with unknown sex or voucher numbers from Montagne d'Ambre. C–D. ♀, from Montagne d'Ambre, probably ZSM 894/2003 (FG/ MV 2002.904). e. Specimen from Manongarivo with unknown sex or voucher number. F–G. ♂, from Manongarivo, ZSM 816/2003 (FG/MV 2002.735).

Fig. 3 in Two new Pandanus frogs (Guibemantis: Mantellidae: Anura) from northern Madagascar

Fig. 3. Preserved holotype specimens of the two new species described herein, Guibemantis woosteri sp. nov. [ZSM 5063/2005 (ZCMV 2044)] and G. albomaculatus sp. nov. [ZSM 0895/2003 (FGMV 2002.905)], in dorsal and ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm.

Fig. 2 in Two new Pandanus frogs (Guibemantis: Mantellidae: Anura) from northern Madagascar

Fig. 2. Map of northern Madagascar, showing mostly verified distribution records of the two species of Guibemantis Dubois, 1992 described herein, and of the recently described G. milingilingy Bletz, Scherz, Rakotoarison, Lehtinen, Glaw & Vences, 2018. The locality Ambatovaky is only based on similarities in coloration and is in need of confirmation. The map shows the remaining primary vegetation of Madagascar (www.vegmad.org), green colors indicating rainforest, brown/orange colors deciduous dry forest.

Fig. 1 in Two new Pandanus frogs (Guibemantis: Mantellidae: Anura) from northern Madagascar

Fig. 1. Maximum Likelihood tree of species in the genus Guibemantis Dubois, 1992, subgenus Pandanusicola Glaw & Vences, 1994 (rooted with the nominal subgenus). The tree is based on an analysis of 535 bp of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene and contains representatives of all valid species of Guibemantis. Numbers at nodes are bootstrap proportions from a Maximum Likelihood bootstrap analysis (500 replicates) in percent (BP), and posterior probabilities (PP) from Bayesian Inference (only shown for nodes with either BP> 60% or PP> 0.95). Inset photos show the two new species described herein.

Fig. 3 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae) from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Fig. 3. Holotype and five paratypes of Pseudopaludicola matuta sp. nov. in life. A. Specimen ZUEC 24302 (holotype, adult Ƌ, call voucher; SVL = 13.0 mm). B. Specimen ZUEC 24304 (adult Ƌ, call and GenBank voucher; SVL = 13.3 mm). C. Specimen ZUEC 24303 (adult Ƌ, call and GenBank voucher; SVL = 12.8 mm). D. Specimen ZUEC 24305 (adult Ƌ and call voucher; SVL = 13.4 mm). E. Specimen ZUEC 24308 (adult Ƌ, call and GenBank voucher; SVL = 13.5 mm). F. Specimen ZUEC 24307 (adult ♀ and GenBank voucher; SVL = 15.2 mm).

Fig. 2 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae) from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Fig. 2. Pseudopaludicola matuta sp. nov. holotype, adult Ƌ (ZUEC 24302, SVL = 13.0 mm). A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C. Head, lateral view. D. Head, dorsal view. E. Hand, ventral view. F. Foot, ventral view. Scale bar = 5 mm.

Fig. 6. 50 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae) from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Fig. 6. 50% majority rule consensus tree based on the 12S and 16S rDNA mitochondrial genes of the species of Pseudopaludicola from Bayesian inference analysis. Numbers above branches are posterior probabilities (PP) and numbers below branches are the support values from a maximum likelihood bootstrap analysis. Black dots represent PP = 1 and bootstrap = 100; no support below species level is shown.

Fig. 1 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae) from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Fig. 1. Hypsometric map of the region highlighted on the map of Brazil (left), showing the samples of Pseudopaludicola matuta sp. nov. included in our molecular, morphological, and acoustic comparisons. The type locality of P. matuta sp. nov. in the municipality of Curvelo, is indicated with a red star. The map also highlights the known distribution (blue symbols) of P. mineira Lobo, 1994 and our record for this species. The type locality of P. mineira in the Serra do Cipó National Park is indicated with a blue star (Lobo 1994). Numbers: (1) Belo Horizonte; (2) lowlands of the Serra do Cipó National Park (near the park's headquarters, in a lowland area), municipality of Santana do Riacho; (3) highlands of the Serra do Cipó National Park, municipality of Santana do Riacho (our data); (4) Serra do Cabral, municipality of Buenópolis (Lobo 1994). All represented points are in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Legend also contains the altitude in meters of the hypsometric map.

Fig. 5 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae) from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Fig. 5. First and second dimensions of the Multidimensional scaling on the proximity scores from the Random Forest analysis considering morphometric (A) and acoustic (C) traits of adult males of Pseudopaludicola matuta sp. nov. (blue dots) and P. mineira Lobo, 1994 (red dots). Dotcharts of variable importance score considering morphometric (B) and acoustic (D) traits as indicated by the Random Forest analysis. Each dot represents an adult male.

Fig. 4. A in A new species of Pseudopaludicola (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae) from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Fig. 4. A. Oscillogram of the entire advertisement call with the introductory notes and three series of two-pulsed notes of Pseudopaludicola matuta sp. nov. B. Audiospectrogram (above) and corresponding oscillogram (below) detailing three two-pulsed notes of the holotype (ZUEC 24302). The holotype was recorded on 29 Nov. 2017 at 19:19 h; air temperature 25.2°C (recording_label: Pseudop_ matutaCurveloMG10iIAH_AAGmt). C. Oscillogram of the entire advertisement call with a single series of two-pulsed notes of P. mineira Lobo, 1994. D. Audiospectrogram (above) and corresponding oscillogram (below) detailing three two-pulsed notes of a topotypical male (ZUEC 24330; GenBank voucher). The topotype was recorded on 4 Dec. 2017 at 19:28 h; air temperature 21.0°C (recording_ label: Psedop_mineiraSantanadoRiachoMG2aIAH_AAGm661MK2). Note the remarkable difference in the time spent emitting the same three two-pulsed notes between these two sister species, P. mineira spends about twice as much time than P. matuta sp. nov.

Fig. 11. A in Two new charismatic Pristimantis species (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the tepuis of "The Lost World" (Pantepui region, South America)

Fig. 11. A. Ptari-tepui, photographed from the surrounding savannah looking to the NE (21 Jun. 2012). B. Summit of Ptari-tepui (21 Jun. 2012). Photographs by the author.

Fig. 8 in Two new charismatic Pristimantis species (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the tepuis of "The Lost World" (Pantepui region, South America)

Fig. 8. Pristimantis imthurni sp. nov. in life. A. Dorsolateral view of the ♂ holotype (IRSNB 4165). B. Ventral view of the same specimen. Photographs by the author.

Fig. 5 in Two new charismatic Pristimantis species (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the tepuis of "The Lost World" (Pantepui region, South America)

Fig. 5. Pristimantis jamescameroni sp. nov. Juvenile specimen (IRSNB 4164, 18.3 mm SVL). Photograph by the author.

Fig. 2 in Two new charismatic Pristimantis species (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the tepuis of "The Lost World" (Pantepui region, South America)

Fig. 2. Pristimantis jamescameroni sp. nov. Intraspecific variation in dorsal and ventral colour pattern in living specimens. A. Dorsolateral view of the ♂ holotype (IRSNB 4160). B. Ventral view of the same specimen. C. Dorsolateral view of a ♀ paratype (IRSNB 4163). D. Ventral view of the same specimen. E. Dorsolateral view of a ♀ paratype (IRSNB 4162). F. Ventral view of the same specimen. Photographs by the author.

Fig. 9 in Two new charismatic Pristimantis species (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the tepuis of "The Lost World" (Pantepui region, South America)

Fig. 9. Pristimantis imthurni sp. nov. Ventral view of left hand and left foot of the ♂ holotype (IRSNB 4165). Photographs by the author.

Fig. 10 in Two new charismatic Pristimantis species (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the tepuis of "The Lost World" (Pantepui region, South America)

Fig. 10. Pristimantis imthurni sp. nov. in preservative. A. Dorsol view of the ♂ holotype (IRSNB 4165). B. Ventral view of the same specimen. Photographs by the author.

Fig. 1. A in Two new charismatic Pristimantis species (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the tepuis of "The Lost World" (Pantepui region, South America)

Fig. 1. A. Map of the Pantepui region, located in the western part of the Guiana Shield. The white rectangle corresponds to the area enlarged in (B). B. Distribution of known tepui summit Pristimantis species occurring east of the Rio Caroní in Venezuela and in western Guyana: P. aureoventris (Wei- Assipu-tepui and upper slopes of Mount Roraima), P. yuruaniensis (Yuruaní-tepui), P. muchimuk (Churí-tepui), P. abakapa (Abakapá-tepui), P. auricarens and P. pulvinatus (Auyán-tepui); (1) Apradatepui, type locality of Pristimantis jamescameroni sp. nov. (area enlarged in Fig. 6A); (2) Ptari-tepui, type locality of Pristimantis imthurni sp. nov. (area enlarged in Fig. 6B).

Fig. 4 in Two new charismatic Pristimantis species (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the tepuis of "The Lost World" (Pantepui region, South America)

Fig. 4. Pristimantis jamescameroni sp. nov. Intraspecific variation in dorsal (above) and ventral (below) colour pattern in preserved specimens. A, E. ♀ paratype (IRSNB 4161). B, F. ♀ paratype (IRSNB 4162). C, G. ♀ paratype (IRSNB 4163). D, H. ♂ holotype (IRSNB 4160). Photographs by the author.