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18 results for “Aquatic productivity”
Measurements of aquatic production and respiration in tidal creeks draining high and low elevation marshes.
Production and respiration measurements of aquatic systems can help to inform calculations of whole system metabolism. These measurements are focused on creeks draining high and low elevation marsh systems to develop a better understanding of connectivity between aquatic production and consumption and coastal salt marshes. Production and respiration were determined by measuring oxygen changes in creek water incubated in light and dark bottles.
Infauna shift trait-productivity relationships in submerged aquatic vegetation communities
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The role of terrestrial productivity in regulating aquatic dissolved organic carbon concentrations in boreal catchments
<p>The past decades have witnessed an increase in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the catchments of the Northern Hemisphere. Increases in terrestrial productivity may be a reason for the increases in DOC concentration. The aim of this study is to investigate the impacts of increased terrestrial productivity and changed hydrology following climate change on DOC concentrations. We tested and quantified the effects of gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RE) and discharge on DOC concentrations in boreal catchments over three years. As catchment characteristics can regulate the extent of rising DOC concentrations caused by the regional or global environmental changes, we selected four catchments with different sizes (small, medium and large) and landscapes (forest, mire and forest-mire mixed). We applied multiple models: Wavelet coherence analysis detected the delay-effects of terrestrial productivity and discharge on aquatic DOC variations of boreal catchments; thereafter, the distributed-lag linear models (DLMs) quantified the contributions of each factor on DOC variations. Our results showed that the combined impacts of terrestrial productivity and discharge explained 62% of aquatic DOC variations on average across all sites, whereas discharge, GPP and RE accounted for 26%, 22% and 3%, respectively. GPP dominated the DOC variations in small catchments (<1 km<sup>2</sup>), but in large catchments, DOC variations were mainly dependent on discharge. The direction of the relation between GPP and discharge on DOC varied. Increasing RE always made a positive contribution to DOC concentration. This study demonstrated that terrestrial greening and changing hydrology caused by climate change did affect the DOC export from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems, which improves the mechanistic understanding of surface water DOC regulation in boreal catchments under climate change.</p>
Stronger effect of individual species' traits than shading on aquatic plant community productivity and interspecific competition
<p>Competition is one of the major factors structuring plant communities. Species with similar traits generally compete more intensely and have more similar yield than functionally dissimilar species, which often respond differently to environmental change. Little is known about how the interacting species' traits influence the effect of environmental change on interspecific competition. However, theory predicts that environmental change should lead to more asymmetric competition, by favouring the species best adapted to the particular environmental change. Here we used a mesocosm experiment with three common aquatic plant species from the Baltic Sea (Northern Europe), to test how community productivity and competition asymmetry were affected by functional dissimilarity, individual species' traits, and a common stressor: shading. Competition asymmetry was defined as the absolute difference in reductions in yield relative to monocultures of two interacting species. Community productivity decreased and competition asymmetry increased with functional dissimilarity of the interacting species, possibly explained by the traits of the superior species, which had higher specific leaf area, maximum canopy height, and primary production rate than the subordinate species. Community productivity was not affected by shading, contrary to our expectation, while competition asymmetry was higher in shaded than ambient conditions. Individual species yield depended on species identity and species combination. Only the shortest species was negatively affected by shading. Thus, by favouring tall-growing species, shading can alter interspecific competition. Together, these findings suggest that non-random species loss following environmental change can be caused by competitive exclusion, in addition to a direct effect of abiotic filtering.</p>
Experimental disturbance and productivity gradients drive community diversity in aquatic mesocosms
<p>Combined effects of disturbance and productivity on ecological diversity have been considered for decades as the dynamic equilibrium model (DEM) but are rarely tested together. Instead, most studies focus on either the intermediate disturbance hypothesis or sometimes the intermediate productivity hypothesis. In addition, most analyses of disturbance and productivity effects have relied on nonexperimental patterns, limited sample sizes, inaccurate proxies for productivity, and/or simple measures of diversity. The DEM operates at regional and local scales; here, we conducted a year‐long experiment at local scales using submersed aquatic vegetation in outdoor mesocosms with a factorial combination of physical disturbance and productivity treatments. We evaluated diversity in several ways, directly measured productivity, and compared alternative hypotheses using model selection. The DEM was supported for effective diversity; both productivity and disturbance effects were clear, though productivity effects were stronger. Other diversity measures for the simple communities in the mesocosms did not clearly reflect treatments. The DEM is a valuable general framework for understanding disturbance and productivity effects on ecological systems and is made more general by minor conceptual adjustments here.</p>
Supporting information from Prospective environmental risk screening of seven advanced materials based on production volumes and aquatic ecotoxicity
<p>Supporting information (Opne data) for the publication Prospective environmental risk screening of seven advanced materials based on production volumes and aquatic ecotoxicity</p>
Experimental disturbance and productivity gradients drive community diversity in aquatic mesocosms
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Stronger effect of individual species’ traits than shading on aquatic plant community productivity and interspecific competition
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The role of terrestrial productivity in regulating aquatic dissolved organic carbon concentrations in boreal catchments
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Data from: Connectivity and nutrient enrichment affect the productivity and stability of aquatic meta-ecosystems
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Data from: Quantifying the importance of functional traits for primary production in aquatic plant communities
1. Aquatic plant meadows are important coastal habitats that sustain many ecosystem functions such as primary production and carbon sequestration. Currently, there is a knowledge gap in understanding which plant functional traits e.g. leaf size or plant height underlie primary production in aquatic plant communities. 2. To study how plant traits are related to primary production, we conducted a field survey in the Baltic Sea, Finland, which is characterized by high plant species and functional diversity. 30 sites along an exposure gradient were sampled (150 plots) and nine plant morphological and chemical traits measured. The aim was to discern how community-weighted mean traits affect community production and whether this relationship changes along an environmental gradient using structural equation modelling (SEM). 3. Plant height had a direct positive effect on production along the exposure gradient (r = 0.33) and indirect effects through two leaf chemical traits, Leaf δ15N and Leaf δ13C (r = 0.24 and 0.18 respectively) resulting in a total effect of 0.28. In plant communities experiencing varying exposure, traits such as root N concentration and leaf δ15N had positive and negative effects on production, respectively. 4. Synthesis: Our results demonstrate that the relationship between plant functional traits and community production is variable and changes over environmental gradients. Plant height generally has a positive effect on community production along an exposure gradient, while the link between other traits and production changes in plant communities experiencing varying degrees of exposure. Thus, the underlying biological mechanisms influencing production differ in plant communities, emphasizing the need to resolve variability and its drivers in real-world communities. Importantly, functionally diverse plant communities sustain ecosystem functioning differently and highlight the importance of benthic diversity for coastal ecosystem stability.
Historical fish survey datasets from productive aquatic ecosystems in Lithuania
<p>Here we present a newly digitized fish monitoring dataset for two major Lithuanian inland ecosystems – Curonian Lagoon and Kaunas Water reservoir. The data comprises fish surveys conducted during <a>1950s to 1980s</a>, using a range of fishing gears and sampling methods. Three different definitions or methods describe the level of detail for each fish community study: Method 1 surveys include individual fish sizes and weights, Method 2 surveys record frequencies of fish in length or weight groups, whereas Method 3 only records the total catch biomass of a given species. </p>
Historical fish survey datasets from productive aquatic ecosystems in Lithuania
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Data from: Quantifying the importance of functional traits for primary production in aquatic plant communities
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Data from: Aquatic primary production in a high-CO2 world
Here, we provide a review of the direct effect of increasing CO2 on aquatic primary producers through its function as a source of carbon, focusing our analysis on the interpretation of this increase as an increase in the availability of a resource. This provides an interesting context to evaluate ecological and evolutionary theories relating to nutrient availability and leads us to: the assessment of theories about limitation of productivity and the integration of CO2 into the co-limitation paradigm; the prediction of community composition and of change in communities from known changes in the environment; and evaluation of the potential for evolutionary adaptation in conditions that increase growth.
Data from: Spatial averaging and disturbance lead to high productivity in aquatic metacommunities
Dispersal in heterogeneous ecosystems, such as coastal metacommunities, is a major driver of diversity and productivity. According to theory, both species richness and spatial averaging shape a unimodal relationship of productivity with dispersal. We experimentally tested the hypothesis that disturbances acting on local patches would buffer the loss of productivity at high dispersal by preventing synchronized species oscillations. To simulate these disturbances, our experimental assemblages involved species that self-organized in isolation under three inflow pulsing frequencies, where hydraulic displacement and nutrient loading affected assemblage diversity and composition. At steady-state, the emerging isolated assemblages were connected at three levels of dispersal creating three metacommunities of different connectivity. Consistent with theory, as dispersal increased, species richness in the metacommunity declined; productivity however remained high. This occurred because the most productive species in our study (which dominated the isolated patch of intermediate inflow pulsing frequency) dominated all three patches (low, intermediate and high inflow pulsing frequencies) after dispersal commenced in our metacommunities. This experimental result provides empirical support for the mechanism of spatial averaging. Furthermore, disturbances, in the form of localized pulsed inflows, prevented population oscillation synchrony caused by homogenization. Overall, our observations suggest that localized environmental fluctuations and the identity of species seem to be more influential than dispersal in shaping the diversity and composition of phytoplankton assemblages and stabilizing productivity.
Data from: Aquatic primary production in a high-CO2 world
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Data from: Spatial averaging and disturbance lead to high productivity in aquatic metacommunities
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OpenNeuro
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