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143 results for “Artificial light”
CVPIA Predation Contact Point Study - 2019: Impacts of Artificial Light At Night in the Sacramento – San Joaquin Delta
The Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA) has led to the implementation of a Decision Support Model (DSM) to assist in the prioritization of CVPIA restoration actions. The fall-run Chinook salmon DSM depends on a coarse-resolution salmon life-cycle model to predict the population benefits of different restoration actions and scenarios. One critical element of the life-cycle model is how to incorporate predation mortality during the juvenile rearing and outmigration portion of the salmon life-cycle in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Of particular importance to potential restoration activities, is the predation mortality that occurs in proximity to, and as a result of contact points between predator and prey fishes. A recent Literature review and meta-analysis of potential contact points in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta identified artificial lighting at night (ALAN) and submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) as two contact points that have been found to influence predation elsewhere and warrant further study in this river delta (Lehman et al. 2019). Other contact points identified in this review that may affect predation of fall-run Chinook salmon juveniles included water diversions, docks, piers, scour holes, and rip rap; however, the literature on predator prey interactions associated with these contact points is lacking (Lehman et al. 2019). These datasets cover two different experiments in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta during spring 2019 from April - June. One experiment focused on artificial illumination and was a paired control impact study where new artificial illumination sources were introduced into the ecosystem. The other experiment relied on existing physical contact points (SAV, docks, pilings, bridges, and diversions) and assessed predation risk as a function of proximity to these points. Both experiments used predation event recorders to quantify relative predation risk and the ALAN experiment used Adaptive Resolution Imaging Sonar (ARIS) t
California's Central Valley Project Improvement Act Predation Contact Point Study - 2022: Predator-prey interactions under low artificial lighting in a laboratory setting
The highest rates of piscivorous predation in the field have been recorded during crepuscular light levels associated with sunrise and sunset or artificial lighting at night (ALAN). We conducted a laboratory study where groups of predator-naïve, hatchery-raised juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to natural-origin piscivorous largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) under three light treatments representative of brighter crepuscular periods or direct ALAN illumination (“high” treatment), dimmer crepuscular periods or sky glow from ALAN (“medium” treatment), and night or no ALAN (“low” treatment). We then statistically evaluated potential associations between light treatment, prey group cohesion, and predator activity.
Data and code from Artificial light at night increases top-down pressure on caterpillars: experimental evidence from a light-naive forest - 2021-2022
This dataset has been prepared in support of a paper to be published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. It includes both data files and R scripts used for the analysis in this publication: Deitch, J.F. and S.A. Kaiser. 2023. Artificial light at night increases top-down pressure on caterpillars: experimental evidence from a light-naive forest. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0153) Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a globally widespread and expanding form of anthropogenic change that impacts arthropod biodiversity. ALAN alters interspecific interactions between arthropods, including predation and parasitism. Despite their ecological importance as prey and hosts, the impact of ALAN on larval arthropod stages, such as caterpillars, is poorly understood. We examined the hypothesis that ALAN increases top-down pressure on caterpillars from arthropod predators and parasitoids. We experimentally illuminated study plots with moderate levels (10-15 lux) of LED lighting at light-naive Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. We measured and compared between experimental and control plots: 1) predation on clay caterpillars and 2) abundance of arthropod predators and parasitoids. We found that predation rates on clay caterpillars and abundance of arthropod predators and parasitoids were significantly higher on ALAN treatment plots relative to control plots. These results suggest that moderate levels of ALAN increases top-down pressure on caterpillars. We did not test mechanisms, but sampling data indicates that increased abundance of predators near lights may play a role. This study highlights the importance of examining the effects of ALAN on both adult and larval life stages and suggests potential consequences of ALAN on arthropod populations and communities. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubba
CVPIA Predation Contact Point Study - 2020: Impacts of Artificial Light At Night in the Upper Sacramento River
The Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA) has led to the implementation of a Decision Support Model (DSM) to assist in the prioritization of CVPIA restoration actions. The fall-run Chinook salmon DSM depends on a coarse-resolution salmon life-cycle model to predict the population benefits of different restoration actions and scenarios. One critical element of the life-cycle model is how to incorporate predation mortality during the juvenile rearing and outmigration portion of the salmon life-cycle in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Of particular importance to potential restoration activities, is the predation mortality that occurs in proximity to, and as a result of contact points between predator and prey fishes. Sacramento River winter-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) are a genetically distinct Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU) with a unique life history and are listed as endangered at both state and federal levels. Predation of juvenile winter-run by piscivorous fishes is considered to be an important stressor that may reduce the population size of this ESU. Notably, the presence of artificial illumination at night (ALAN) has been shown to aggregate and slow out-migrating salmonids and increase predation by piscivores, and may be an important contact point affecting winter-run Chinook salmon, especially given the vast majority of winter-run Chinook salmon are born and rear within the city limits of Redding, CA. Perhaps the most significant source of ALAN in this region of the Sacramento River is the iconic Sundial Bridge. This bridge is illuminated at night and regional biologists have long been concerned on its potential impacts on winter-run Chinook salmon, as mediated through predation by Rainbow Trout. We therefore performed a field-based experiment to better inform this management concern. To assess the impacts of Sundial Bridge ALAN on fishes, our first objective was to determine whether variable ALAN intensities altered the relati
Landscape composition drives the impacts of artificial light at night on insectivorous bats
<p>Abstract of the related publication :</p> <p>Among the most prevalent sources of biodiversity declines, Artificial Light At Night (ALAN) is an emerging threat<br> to global biodiversity. Much knowledge has already been gained to reduce impacts. However, the spatial variation<br> of ALAN effects on biodiversity in interaction with landscape composition remains little studied, though it is<br> of the utmost importance to identify lightscapes most in need of action. Several studies have shown that, at local<br> scale, tree cover can intensify positive or negative effects of ALAN on biodiversity, but none have – at landscape<br> scale – studied a wider range of landscape compositions around lit sites. We hypothesized that the magnitude of<br> ALAN effects will depend on landscape composition and species’ tolerance to light. Taking the case of insectivorous<br> bats because of their varying sensitivity to ALAN, we investigated the species-specific activity response to<br> ALAN. Bat activity was recorded along a gradient of light radiance. We ensured a large variability in landscape<br> composition around 253 sampling sites. Among the 13 bat taxa studied, radiance decreased the activity of two<br> groups of the slow-flying gleaner guild (Myotis and Plecotus spp.) and one species of the aerial-hawking guild<br> (Pipistrellus pipistrellus), and increased the activity of two species of the aerial-hawking guild (Pipistrellus kuhlii<br> and Pipistrellus pygmaeus). Among these five effects, the magnitude of four of them was driven by landscape composition.<br> For five other species, ALAN effects were only detectable in particular landscape compositions, making<br> the main effect of radiance undetectable without account for interactions with landscape. Specifically, effects<br> were strongest in non-urban habitats, for both guilds. Results highlight the importance to prioritize ALAN reduction<br> efforts in non-urban habitats, and how important is to account for landscape composition when studying<br> ALAN effects on bats to avoid missing effects.</p>
Sources of Environmental risks from artificial nighttime lighting widespread and increasing across Europe
<p>Sources of the article Environmental risks from artificial nighttime lighting widespread and<br> increasing across Europe. Calibrated ISS images using Sánchez de Miguel, A., Zamorano, J., Aubé, M., Bennie, J., Gallego, J., Ocaña, F., ... & Gaston, K. J. (2021). Colour remote sensing of the impact of artificial light at night (II): Calibration of DSLR-based images from the International Space Station. <em>Remote Sensing of Environment</em>, <em>264</em>, 112611.</p>
Data from: Artificial light at night and warming impact grazing rates and gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii
<p>Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a growing threat to coastal habitats, and is likely to exacerbate the impacts of other stressors. Kelp forests are dominant habitats on temperate reefs but are declining due to ocean warming and overgrazing. We tested the independent and interactive effects of ALAN (dark vs ALAN) and warming (ambient vs warm) on grazing rates and gonad index of the sea urchin <em>Centrostephanus rodgersii. </em>Within these treatments, urchins were fed either 'fresh' kelp or 'treated' kelp. Treated kelp (<em>Ecklonia radiata</em>) was exposed to the same light and temperature combinations as urchins. We assessed photosynthetic yield, carbon and nitrogen content and C:N ratio of treated kelp to help identify potential drivers behind any effects on urchins. Grazing increased with warming and ALAN for urchins fed fresh kelp, and increased with warming for urchins fed treated kelp. Gonad index was higher in ALAN/ambient and dark/warm treatments compared to dark/ambient treatments for urchins fed fresh kelp. Kelp carbon content was higher in ALAN/ambient treatments than ALAN/warm treatments at one time point. This indicates ocean warming and ALAN may increase urchin grazing pressure on rocky reefs, an important finding for management strategies.</p>
Figure 2 in Artificial light at night on nesting beaches of the green turtle, Chelonia mydas, in the eastern Mediterranean and its possible effect on populations
Figure 2. Annual mean radiance values (in nW/cm2sr) showing an increasing trend for four major C. mydas nesting sites categorized as high ALAN. The dotted blue line indicates the threshold (2) for determining high ALAN levels.
Figure 4 in Phototrophic communities of Ahshtyrskaya Cave in the condition of artificial light
Figure 4. Scatter plots of 18 sites based on: a) total species composition, b) higher plants species composition, c) algae and cyanobacteria species composition; d) cluster analysis for 18 sites based on total species composition of communities in different cave zones.
Figure 3 in Phototrophic communities of Ahshtyrskaya Cave in the condition of artificial light
Figure 3. Scheme of Akhshtyrskaya Cave with the location of the lamps, scheme is given by Isaev & Starikh (2002).
Data from: Effects of artificial light at night on the leaf functional traits of freshwater plants
<p>Leaf traits measured on three species of submerged aquatic plants (<em>Myriophyllum verticillatum </em>L., <em>Potamogeton coloratus</em> Hornem., and <em>Vallisneria spiralis</em> L.) grown under light pollution at night or in the dark. Details about the protocols and the data collection can be found in the article published in <em>Freshwater Biology</em>.</p>
Study of the Effects of Daylighting and Artificial Lighting at 59° Latitude on Mental States, Behaviour and Perception - Dataset
<p>Dataset relative to manuscript "Study of the Effects of Daylighting and Artificial Lighting at 59° Latitude on Mental States, Behaviour and Perception", submitted to Sustainability journal</p>
Designed Rubredoxin miniature in a fully artificial electron chain triggered by visible light
<p>This dataset contains Raw and Processed Data, and Computational Protein Design files related to the publication "Designed Rubredoxin miniature in a fully artificial electron chain triggered by visible light".<br> For further details, please refer to the preprint that is available at the following link <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1473985/v1">https://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1473985/v1</a><br> Peer-reviewed manuscript will be published soon in Nature Communications.</p>
Designed Rubredoxin miniature in a fully artificial electron chain triggered by visible light
<ul> <li><strong>Data type</strong>: Experimental spectroscopic measurements, computer plots.</li> <li>Files are with filename extensions: .<strong>DSC</strong>, .<strong>DAT</strong>, .<strong>txt</strong>, .<strong>m</strong></li> <li>Information on <strong>origin of the data</strong>:</li> </ul> <ul> <li>EPR spectroscopic measurements with filename extensions: .<strong>DSC</strong>, .<strong>DTA</strong>, .<strong>txt</strong>.</li> <li>EPR spectroscopic plots with filename extension: .<strong>m</strong>.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>CW-EPR X-band were performed on a Bruker Elexys E580 X-band spectrometer (microwave frequency 9.76 GHz) equipped with a cylindrical dielectric cavity and a helium gas-flow cryostat from Oxford Inc. The spectrum was recorded at 4.5 K and a microwave power of 1mW, a modulation amplitude of 0.7mT and a modulation frequency of 100 KHz were used.</li> <li>Raw and Processed Data, and Computational Protein Design files</li> </ul> <ul> <li><strong>If the dataset includes multiple files that relate to each other:</strong> <ul> <li>Files in <strong>PARACAT_WP5_20230425_CW</strong> folder includes X-band CW-EPR spectroscopic measurements, original data are in .<strong>DTA</strong>/.<strong>DSC</strong>/.<strong>txt</strong>.</li> <li>Files in <strong>PARACAT_WP5_20230425_MATLAB</strong> folder includes plots of the EPR measurements, data are in .<strong>m</strong> format.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li><strong>Information on</strong>: <ul> <li>Specialized abbreviations: <strong>EPR</strong> – Electron Paramagnetic Resonance; <strong>CW</strong> – Continuous Wave-EPR; <strong>METP</strong> - Miniaturized Electron Transfer Protein; METP<strong>sc</strong>1 - single-chain high-potential miniaturized electron transfer protein.</li> <li>Definitions of variables: <strong>Magnetic field, Temperature</strong>.</li> <li>Units of measurement: <strong>Gauss (G), milliTesla (mT), Kelvin (K)</strong></li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Data and code for "Shining a Light on Duckweed: Exploring the Effects of Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) on Growth and Pigmentation"
<p>Data and code for a manuscript. First release.</p>
Data from: Artificial nighttime lighting and herbivory interactively reduce the biomass production of invasive plants while enhancing that of native plants
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Artificial light at night alters activity, body mass and corticosterone level in a tropical anuran
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Data from: Experimental study on the impact of continuous and dynamic artificial light at night on moths originating from different skyglow conditions
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Data from: Artificial light at night and warming impact grazing rates and gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii
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Data from: Early-life exposure to artificial light at night elevates physiological stress in free-living songbirds
<p>Artificial light at night (ALAN) can disrupt adaptive patterns of physiology and behavior that promote high fitness, resulting in physiological stress and elevation of steroid glucocorticoids (corticosterone, CORT in birds). Elevated CORT may have particularly profound effects early in life, with the potential for enduring effects that persist into adulthood. Research on the consequences of early-life exposure to ALAN remains limited, especially outside of the laboratory, and whether light exposure affects CORT concentrations in wild nestling birds particularly remains to be elucidated. We used an experimental setup to test the hypothesis that ALAN elevates CORT concentrations in developing free-living birds, by exposing nestling great tits (Parus major) to ALAN inside nest boxes. We measured CORT in feathers grown over the timeframe of the experiment (7 nights), such that CORT concentrations represent an integrative metric of hormone release over the period of nocturnal light exposure, and of development. We also assessed the relationships between feather CORT concentrations, body condition, nestling size rank and fledging success. In addition, we evaluated the relationship between feather CORT concentrations and telomere length. Nestlings exposed to ALAN had higher feather CORT concentrations than control nestlings, and nestlings in poorer body condition and smaller brood members also had higher CORT. On the other hand, telomere length, fledging success, and recruitment rate were not significantly associated with light exposure or feather CORT concentrations. Results indicate that exposure to ALAN elevates CORT concentrations in nestlings, which may reflect physiological stress. In addition, the organizational effects of CORT are known to be substantial. Thus, despite the lack of an effect on telomere length and survivorship, elevated CORT concentrations in nestlings exposed to ALAN may have subsequent impacts on later-life fitness and stress sensitivity.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.